Extracolonic involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is extremely uncommon in ulcerative colitis (UC) and rarely found in the upper gastrointestinal tract or in postoperative cases since it typically responds to steroids. Here we report a case of UC complicated by extensive ileal inflammation that was refractory to steroids. A 20-year-old man was diagnosed with UC of typical pancolitis without ileal involvement and started treatment with pH-dependent mesalazine and oral prednisolone. Although his symptoms transiently resolved, the condition flared when the steroid dose was tapered down. Computed tomography revealed marked thickening of the ileal wall, and capsule endoscopy and balloon-assisted enteroscopy found diffuse mucosal inflammation with ulcers in the ileum. On the contrary, the inflammation in the colon and rectum was improving. Since the response to the second steroid course was inadequate, treatment with adalimumab and 6-mercaptopurine was initiated and finally achieved clinical and endoscopic remission. The investigation of small intestinal lesions is necessary in patients with UC whose clinical deterioration cannot be explained by colonic lesions.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• A case of relapsed pan-colonic ulcerative colitis accompanied with gastroduodenal lesions immediately after COVID-19
  Katsuya Endo, Tomonori Satoh, Yuki Yoshino, Shiho Kondo, Yoko Kawakami, Daisuke Fukushi, Atsuko Takasu, Takayuki Kogure, Morihisa Hirota, Kennichi Satoh
  Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology.2025; 18(3): 399.     CrossRef
• Clinical Features and Therapeutic Outcomes of Post-colectomy Enteritis with Ulcerative Colitis
  Yuki Horio, Motoi Uchino, Kazutoshi Hori, Kurando Kusunoki, Tomohiro Minagawa, Ryuichi Kuwahara, Kozo Kataoka, Naohito Beppu, Masataka Ikeda, Hiroki Ikeuchi
  Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon.2021; 5(4): 405.     CrossRef