- IBD
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One-year clinical efficacy and safety of indigo naturalis for active ulcerative colitis: a real-world prospective study
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Yuichi Matsuno, Takehiro Torisu, Junji Umeno, Hiroki Shibata, Atsushi Hirano, Yuta Fuyuno, Yasuharu Okamoto, Shin Fujioka, Keisuke Kawasaki, Tomohiko Moriyama, Tomohiro Nagasue, Keizo Zeze, Yoichiro Hirakawa, Shinichiro Kawatoko, Yutaka Koga, Yoshinao Oda, Motohiro Esaki, Takanari Kitazono
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Intest Res 2022;20(2):260-268. Published online April 29, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2021.00124
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Abstract
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- Background/Aims
Recent studies suggested a favorable effect of indigo naturalis (IN) in inducing remission for refractory ulcerative colitis (UC), however, the maintenance effect of IN for patients with UC remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted a prospective uncontrolled open-label study to analyze the efficacy and safety of IN for patients with UC.
Methods Patients with moderate to severe active UC (clinical activity index [CAI] ≥ 8) took 2 g/day of IN for 52 weeks. CAI at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 52 and Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) and Geboes score (GS) at weeks 0, 4, and 52 were assessed. Clinical remission (CAI ≤ 4), mucosal healing (MES ≤ 1), and histological healing (GS ≤ 1) rates at each assessment were evaluated. Overall adverse events (AEs) during study period were also evaluated. The impact of IN on mucosal microbial composition was assessed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences.
Results Thirty-three patients were enrolled. The rates of clinical remission at weeks 4, 8, and 52 were 67%, 76%, and 73%, respectively. The rates of mucosal healing at weeks 4 and 52 were 48% and 70%, respectively. AEs occurred in 17 patients (51.5%) during follow-up. Four patients (12.1%) showed severe AEs, among whom 3 manifested acute colitis. No significant alteration in the mucosal microbial composition was observed with IN treatment.
Conclusions One-year treatment of moderate to severe UC with IN was effective. IN might be a promising therapeutic option for maintaining remission in UC, although the relatively high rate of AEs should be considered.
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Citations
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- Risk of Infection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated With Interleukin-Targeting Agents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Konstantinos Ouranos, Hira Saleem, Stephanos Vassilopoulos, Athanasios Vassilopoulos, Evangelia K Mylona, Fadi Shehadeh, Markos Kalligeros, Bincy P Abraham, Eleftherios Mylonakis Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2025; 31(1): 37. CrossRef - Selected Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Agents in IBD
Monica Dzwonkowski, Janak Bahirwani, Samantha Rollins, Alicia Muratore, Vikram Christian, Yecheskel Schneider Current Gastroenterology Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Indigo naturalis‑associated ischemic injury of colorectal mucosa: A case series study
Yiheng Ke, Liang Xu, Qi Tang, Zheyu Ruan, Junjie Liu, Shuiliang Ruan Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Safety and Effectiveness of QingDai (Indigo naturalis) in Children With Mild-to-Moderate Ulcerative Colitis: A Short-Term 6-Week Open-Label Trial
Dotan Yogev, Yael Weintraub, Oren Ledder, Manar Matar, Alex Krauthammer, Zivia Shavit-Brunschwig, Amichay Rotstein, Max E Godfrey, Amit Assa, Raanan Shamir, Dan Turner, Nir Salomon, Esther Orlanski-Meyer, Dror S Shouval Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Indigo naturalis (Qing dai) for inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Rinkalben Kakdiya, Daya Krishna Jha, Arup Choudhury, Anuraag Jena, Vishal Sharma Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology.2024; 48(1): 102250. CrossRef - Reply to “Ferroptosis in the colon epithelial cells as a therapeutic target for ulcerative colitis”
Akihito Yokote, Noriyuki Imazu, Junji Umeno, Keisuke Kawasaki, Shin Fujioka, Yuta Fuyuno, Yuichi Matsuno, Tomohiko Moriyama, Kohta Miyawaki, Koichi Akashi, Takanari Kitazono, Takehiro Torisu Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 59(1): 77. CrossRef - Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of Active Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Preetha Iyengar, Gala Godoy-Brewer, Isha Maniyar, Jacob White, Laura Maas, Alyssa M. Parian, Berkeley Limketkai Nutrients.2024; 16(7): 934. CrossRef - Clinical Efficacy and Future Application of Indigo Naturalis in the Treatment of Ulcerative colitis
Dianzhen Wu, Qi Huang, Yingbi Xu, Ruiyi Cao, Ming Yang, Jin Xie, Dingkun Zhang Journal of Ethnopharmacology.2024; : 118782. CrossRef - Ferroptosis in the colon epithelial cells as a therapeutic target for ulcerative colitis
Akihito Yokote, Noriyuki Imazu, Junji Umeno, Keisuke Kawasaki, Shin Fujioka, Yuta Fuyuno, Yuichi Matsuno, Tomohiko Moriyama, Kohta Miyawaki, Koichi Akashi, Takanari Kitazono, Takehiro Torisu Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 58(9): 868. CrossRef - Hyaluronic acid/inulin-based nanocrystals with an optimized ratio of indigo and indirubin for combined ulcerative colitis therapy via immune and intestinal flora regulation
Jin Xie, Qi Huang, Huijuan Xie, Jun Liu, Shimin Tian, Ruiyi Cao, Ming Yang, Junzhi Lin, Li Han, Dingkun Zhang International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.2023; 252: 126502. CrossRef - High-Quality Indigo Naturalis Obtained with Automatic Foam Separation
Xin Yang, Jun Tang, Juan Su, Xin Yang, Ming Yang, Xiangbo Yang, Qisen Ji, Yanan He, Li Han, Dingkun Zhang ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.2023; 15(37): 43272. CrossRef
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- Inflammatory bowel diseases
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Risk of surgery in patients with stricturing type of Crohn’s disease at the initial diagnosis: a single center experience
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Yuji Maehata, Yutaka Nagata, Tomohiko Moriyama, Yuichi Matsuno, Atsushi Hirano, Junji Umeno, Takehiro Torisu, Tatsuya Manabe, Takanari Kitazono, Motohiro Esaki
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Intest Res 2019;17(3):357-364. Published online February 21, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00107
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Abstract
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- Background/Aims
It remains uncertain which patients with stricturing-type Crohn’s disease (CD) require early small bowel surgery after the initial diagnosis. We aimed to clarify clinical characteristics associated with the intervention in such condition of CD.
Methods We retrospectively evaluated the clinical course of 53 patients with CD and small bowel strictures who were initially treated with medications after the initial diagnosis. We investigated possible associations between small bowel surgery and the following: clinical factors and radiologic findings at initial diagnosis and the types of medications administered during follow-up.
Results Twenty-eight patients (53%) required small bowel resection during a median follow-up period of 5.0 years (range, 0.5–14.3 years). The cumulative incidence rates of small bowel surgery at 2, 5, and 10 years were 26.4%, 41.0%, and 63.2%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that obstructive symptoms (P=0.036), long-segment stricture (P<0.0001), and prestenotic dilation (P<0.0001) on radiography were associated with small bowel surgery, and immunomodulatory (P=0.037) and biological therapy (P=0.008) were significant factors during follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed that long-segment stricture (hazard ratio [HR], 4.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78–10.53; P=0.001) and prestenotic dilation (HR, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.24–9.62; P=0.018) on radiography showed a positive correlation with small bowel surgery, and biological therapy (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.15–0.99; P=0.048) showed a negative correlation.
Conclusions CD patients with long-segment stricture and prestenotic dilation on radiography seem to be at a higher risk of needing small bowel surgery. For such patients, early surgical intervention might be appropriate, even at initial diagnosis.
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Citations
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- Colonic strictures in Crohn’s disease: a non-surgical survival
Sarra Laabidi, Hamed Aboubecrine, Salma Souissi, Donia Gouiaa, Asma Labidi, Nadia Ben Mustapha, Anis Haddad, Amine Sebai, Meriem Serghini, Monia Fekih, Hanene Jaziri, Jalel Boubaker Future Science OA.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Comprehensive review and update of stricturing Crohn’s disease
Alexander T. Elford, Zaid Ardalan, Paul Simkin, Britt Christensen Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 43(1): 64. CrossRef - A global consensus on the definitions, diagnosis and management of fibrostenosing small bowel Crohn’s disease in clinical practice
Dominik Bettenworth, Mark E. Baker, Joel G. Fletcher, Vipul Jairath, Cathy Lu, Willem Bemelman, Geert d’Haens, Andre d’Hoore, Axel Dignass, Iris Dotan, Roger Feakins, Phillip Fleshner, Christina Ha, Gaylyn Henderson, Ruishen Lyu, Julian Panes, Gerhard Rog Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2024; 21(8): 572. CrossRef - Reliability of MR Enterography Features for Describing Fibrostenosing Crohn Disease
Florian Rieder, Mark E. Baker, David H. Bruining, Jeff L. Fidler, Eric C. Ehman, Shannon P. Sheedy, Jay P. Heiken, Justin M. Ream, David R. Holmes, Akitoshi Inoue, Payam Mohammadinejad, Yong S. Lee, Stuart A. Taylor, Jaap Stoker, Guangyong Zou, Zhongya Wa Radiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Reliability of CT Enterography for Describing Fibrostenosing Crohn Disease
Florian Rieder, Christopher Ma, Jurij Hanzel, Joel G. Fletcher, Mark E. Baker, Zhongya Wang, Leonardo Guizzetti, Lisa M. Shackelton, Julie Rémillard, Mihir Patel, Jiafei Niu, Ronald Ottichilo, Cynthia S. Santillan, Nunzia Capozzi, Stuart A. Taylor, David Radiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Use of oral diet and nutrition support in management of stricturing and fistulizing Crohn's disease
Kush Fansiwala, Neha D. Shah, Kelly A. McNulty, Mary R. Kwaan, Berkeley N. Limketkai Nutrition in Clinical Practice.2023; 38(6): 1282. CrossRef - Sarcopenia hinders the decline in disease activity after surgery for people with Crohn's disease: Preliminary results
Asuka Yasueda, Yuki Sekido, Takashi Takeda, Takayuki Ogino, Norikatsu Miyoshi, Hidekazu Takahashi, Mamoru Uemura, Yuichiro Doki, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Tsunekazu Mizushima Nutrition.2022; 94: 111526. CrossRef - Efficacy of drug and endoscopic treatment of Crohn's disease strictures: A systematic review
Julien D Schulberg, Emily K Wright, Bronte A Holt, Helen E Wilding, Amy L Hamilton, Alyson L Ross, Michael A Kamm Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 36(2): 344. CrossRef - Comparison of Long-term Outcomes of Infliximab versus Adalimumab in 1,488 Biologic-Naive Korean Patients with Crohn’s Disease
Yoon Suk Jung, Minkyung Han, Sohee Park, Jae Hee Cheon Gut and Liver.2021; 15(1): 92. CrossRef - Molecular targets and the use of biologics in the management of small bowel fibrosis in inflammatory bowel disease
Muaad Abdulla, Thean Soon Chew Current Opinion in Gastroenterology.2021; 37(3): 275. CrossRef - Real world analysis on the efficacy and safety of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in patients with stricturing Crohn’s disease
Sudheer K. Vuyyuru, Bhaskar Kante, Peeyush Kumar, Pabitra Sahu, Saurabh Kedia, Mukesh Kumar Ranjan, Raju Sharma, Rajesh Panwar, Govind Makharia, Vineet Ahuja Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Inpatient Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Related Complications
Manreet Kaur, Robin L. Dalal, Seth Shaffer, David A. Schwartz, David T. Rubin Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2020; 18(6): 1346. CrossRef - Surgical treatment of intestinal stricture in inflammatory bowel disease
Helen M. Mohan, John C. Coffey Journal of Digestive Diseases.2020; 21(6): 355. CrossRef
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- Colorectal neoplasia
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Endoscopic features of gastrointestinal stromal tumor in the small intestine
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Yutaro Ihara, Takehiro Torisu, Tomohiko Moriyama, Junji Umeno, Atsushi Hirano, Yasuharu Okamoto, Yoshifumi Hori, Hidetaka Yamamoto, Takanari Kitazono, Motohiro Esaki
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Intest Res 2019;17(3):398-403. Published online July 25, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00161
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Abstract
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- Background/Aims
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is one of the most common types of submucosal tumors (SMTs). Because of GIST’s malignant potential, it is crucial to differentiate it from other SMTs. The present study aimed to identify characteristic endoscopic findings of GISTs in the small intestine.
Methods We reviewed the clinicopathological and endoscopic findings of 38 patients with endoscopically or surgically resected SMTs in the small intestine. SMTs were classified into GIST and non-GIST groups, and clinicopathological and endoscopic findings were compared between the 2 groups.
Results Fifteen patients had GIST and 23 patients had other types of SMTs in the small intestine. Comparison of the endoscopic findings between the 2 groups revealed that dilated vessels in the surrounding mucosa were significantly more in number in the GIST group than in the non-GIST group (P<0.05). However, there were no other differences in endoscopic findings between the 2 groups. Among patients with GISTs, the presence of dilated vessels in the surrounding mucosa was not associated with bleeding risk, tumor size, or metastasis rate at diagnosis.
Conclusions Dilated vessels in the surrounding mucosa, identified during balloon-assisted endoscopy, may be a diagnostic indicator for GIST in the small intestine. However, its clinical significance should be further analyzed.
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Citations
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- Rapidly Growing Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor on the Esophagus
Ji Hye Park, Sung Eun Kim, Seun Ja Park, Moo In Park, Won Moon, Jae Hyun Kim, Kyoungwon Jung, Myung Hun Lee The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2025; 25(1): 64. CrossRef - Multiple Small Bowel Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 that Were Not Detected by Endoscopy: A Case Report
Satomi Saito, Teppei Omori, Shun Murasugi, Maria Yonezawa, Yukiko Takayama, Takeshi Ohki, Hiromi Onizuka, Yoji Nagashima, Katsutoshi Tokushige Case Reports in Gastroenterology.2023; 17(1): 167. CrossRef - Convolutional neural network‐based object detection model to identify gastrointestinal stromal tumors in endoscopic ultrasound images
Chang Kyo Oh, Taewan Kim, Yu Kyung Cho, Dae Young Cheung, Bo‐In Lee, Young‐Seok Cho, Jin Il Kim, Myung‐Gyu Choi, Han Hee Lee, Seungchul Lee Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 36(12): 3387. CrossRef - Small Bowel Malignancies in Patients Undergoing Capsule Endoscopy for Iron Deficiency Anemia
Su Hwan Kim, Ji Won Kim Diagnostics.2021; 12(1): 91. CrossRef
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