Intestinal Research

Role of the CXC12-CXCR4 Axis and CXCL16 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Hiroshi Nakase, Minoru Matsuura, Sakae Mikami, Norimitsu Uza, Tsutomu Chiba; Intest Res 2012;10(2):125-133. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.125

Numerous studies of colitis in IBD (inflammatory bowel diseases) patients and in animal models have demonstrated that both inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are up-regulated in settings of active inflammation. Blockade or absence of various cytokines and chemokines attenuates the disease in murine models of IBD. Therefore, identifying cytokines and chemokines involved in intestinal inflammation provide promising targets for the development of new drugs in the treatment of IBD. In general, chemokines have been implicated in many fundamental immune processes including lymphoid organogenesis, immune cell differentiation, development and positioning. Many chemokines are markedly increased in intestinal tissue from patients with IBD. In this study, we focused on the role of CXCL12-CXCR4 and CXCL16. CXCL12-CXCR4 axis plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of IBD, especially UC, while SR-PSOX/CXCL16 plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of CD. Our present data suggest new insights into the etiology of IBD and we hope that the manipulation of these chemokines may have therapeutic value. (Intest Res 2012;10:125-133)

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The ERβ‐CXCL19/CXCR4‐NFκB pathway is critical in mediating the E2-induced inflammation response in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)
Qing Wang, Fengqi Huang, Xuzhuo Duan, Huitao Cheng, Chunli Zhang, Lihua Li, Xinhe Ruan, Qi He, Wenbiao Niu, Huirong Yang, Danqi Lu, Leyun Zheng, Huihong Zhao
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.2021; 212: 105926. CrossRef
The CXC chemokines and CXC chemokine receptors in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) and their expression after Singapore grouper iridovirus infection
Qing Wang, Shaowen Wang, Yong Zhang, Yepin Yu, Huihong Zhao, Huirong Yang, Leyun Zheng, Min Yang, Qiwei Qin
Developmental & Comparative Immunology.2019; 90: 10. CrossRef
Mesenchymal stem cells and CXC chemokine receptor 4 overexpression improved the therapeutic effect on colitis via mucosa repair
Zheng Chen, Qianqian Chen, Haitao Du, Lijuan Xu, Jun Wan
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Association ofNOD1,CXCL16,STAT6andTLR4gene polymorphisms with Malaysian patients with Crohn’s disease
Kek Heng Chua, Jin Guan Ng, Ching Ching Ng, Ida Hilmi, Khean Lee Goh, Boon Pin Kee
PeerJ.2016; 4: e1843. CrossRef

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Stool DNA Testing for Colorectal Cancer: Development and Advances: Steven H. Itzkowitz, FACP , FACG , AGAF; Intest Res 2012;10(2):134-141. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.134

Abstract PDF: Screening for colorectal cancer is one of the most effective public health interventions. Although colonoscopy is the preferred method in many settings, colonoscopy can miss lesions, interval neoplasms can arise after a normal colonoscopy, and some patients refuse to undergo colonoscopy. In the last decade, detection of neoplasia-associated genetic alterations in the stool has become feasible. First-generation stool DNA tests demonstrated better sensitivity for colorectal cancer than fecal occult blood tests. Improvements to stool DNA tests have made them more sensitive and less complex. The newer marker panels can detect colorectal cancer and even the majority of advanced adenomas, regardless of location in the colon. This review summarizes the development and advances to stool DNA testing for colorectal cancer. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-141)

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Endoscopic Diagnosis of Colorectal Neoplasms Using Autofluorescence Imaging: Yoji Takeuchi, Noriya Uedo, Masao Hanafusa, Noboru Hanaoka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Ryu Ishihara, Hiroyasu Iishi; Intest Res 2012;10(2):142-151. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.142

Abstract PDF

Many techniques have been developed to reduce the number of missed lesions during colonoscopy screening. Autofluorescence imaging (AFI) is one of the newly developed image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) techniques, which functions similar to narrow band imaging (NBI) and flexible spectral imaging color enhancement (FICE), that can improve the detection and characterization of both polypoid and non-polypoid colonic neoplasms by enhancing their macroscopic features. We have previously reported that AFI, when used in combination with a transparent hood mounted on the tip of the endoscope to maintain distance from the colonic mucosa, results in the detection of approximately 1.6 times more colorectal neoplasms than conventional white light (WLI) colonoscopy. We have also revealed that AFI results in a higher flat neoplasm detection rate than WLI. Because the images of colorectal lesions visualized using AFI differ between histological lesion types, AFI also offers the possibility of differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions. However, the difference between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in the images generated using AFI relies on the density of the magenta coloring of the image and is therefore somewhat subjective. Recent studies suggest that NBI with magnification may be a superior modality for characterizing the neoplastic status of small colonic polyps. Although further developments are needed, the recent development of IEEs allows us to efficiently detect and differentiate colorectal neoplasms during colonoscopy screening. This article reviews the use of AFI in the diagnosis of colorectal neoplasms and discusses its advantages and limitations. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-151)

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Fluorescence Diagnostics of Colon Malignant and Premalignant Lesions Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid
Elena V. Filonenko, Andrey D. Kaprin, Antonina A. Raszhivina, Antonina N. Urlova, Andrey M. Nechipai
International Journal of Photoenergy.2014; 2014: 1. CrossRef

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Efficacy of Infliximab Rescue Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with Steroid-Refractory Ulcerative Colitis: Single Center Experience: Jun Hyung Cho, Chang Kyun Lee, Hyo Jong Kim, Jae Jun Shim, Jae Young Jang, Seok Ho Dong, Byung Ho Kim, Young Woon Chang; Intest Res 2012;10(2):152-160. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.152

Abstract PDF

Background/Aims
In hospitalized patients with acute steroid-refractory UC, infliximab has been demonstrated to be one of the medical rescue therapies to avoid colectomy. We report the result of a retrospective observational study to find the efficacy and safety of infliximab as a rescue therapy in our hospital. Methods: Between January 2007 and January 2010, 9 hospitalized patients with steroid-refractory UC were selected to receive three infusions of infliximab (5 mg/kg), at weeks 0, 2, and 6. Efficacy of treatment was evaluated at 8 weeks after the first infliximab infusion and at the end of follow-up period. Adverse events related to infliximab rescue therapy were also collected. Results: Seven patients (77.8%) had completed 3 infusions of infliximab and achieved clinical response at 8 weeks after the first infliximab infusion. Clinical remission rate and the rate of mucosal healing at 8 weeks were 57.1% (4/7) and 71.4% (5/7), respectively. They were followed up for median time of 24.9 months (19.5-53.6 months). One patient underwent emergency colectomy at weeks 2, due to colon perforation, while another patient had discontinued infliximab treatment at weeks 4, because of Clostridium difficile-associated colitis. Finally, colectomy was avoided in 77.8% (7/9) of cases. There was no mortality. Conclusions: Rescue therapy with infliximab has sustained clinical benefit in 88.9% of our hospitalized patients with acute steroid-refractory UC. Future prospective and long-term follow-up trials with a large number of patients are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of the treatment. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-160)

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Differences in the Prognosis according to the Periods of Diagnosis in Ulcerative Colitis
Hyun Beom Chae, Yoon Suk Jung, Dong Il Park, Chang Kyun Lee, Kyu Chan Huh, Jeong Eun Shin, Jae Hak Kim, You Sun Kim, Yunho Jung, Sung Ae Jung, Hyun Ju Song, Hyun Joo Jang, Sung Noh Hong, Young-Ho Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2014; 64(2): 93. CrossRef

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Seasonal Variation in Flares of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Korean Population: Jae Hyun Jang, Su Hee Lee, Jun Mo Sung, Jung Ho Park, Hong Joo Kim, Yong Kyun Cho, Chong Il Sohn, Woo Kyu Jeon, Byung Ik Kim, Dong Il Park; Intest Res 2012;10(2):161-167. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.161

Abstract PDF

Background/Aims
Conflicting data have been reported about the seasonal variation in flare-up of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of seasonal variations in flare-up of IBD in the Korean population. Methods: Patients with IBD, who underwent more than 1 year of follow-up and showed more than 1 episode of flare-up, were included. Flares of disease were refined as follows; receipt of a new prescription and increasing dose of corticosteroids, 5-ASA or immunosuppressant; hospitalized or operated due to development and worsening of symptoms; elevation of inflammatory marker due to worsening of Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) or Mayo score. In addition, for patients with more than two episodes of flare-up, they were investigated in a monthly and seasonal pattern. Results: Of 573 patients with IBD, 46 patients with Crohn's disease and 61 patients with ulcerative colitis were enrolled. There was no association between month of the year and flare of Crohn's disease (P=0.06) or ulcerative colitis (P=0.58). Further, no association between season of the year and flare of Crohn's disease (P=0.06) or ulcerative colitis (P=0.68). However, in Crohn's disease who experience 2 or more flare-ups, symptoms occurred more frequently during winter, especially December (P=0.029). Conclusions: In the Korean population, there was no association of seasonal and monthly variation in flares of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. However, in Crohn's disease, individuals with 2 flar-up or more, symptoms occurred more frequently during December. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-167)

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Old Age at Diagnosis Is Associated With Favorable Outcomes in Korean Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Jae Hyuk Choi, Eun Soo Kim, Kwang Bum Cho, Kyung Sik Park, Yoo Jin Lee, Sang Min Lee, Yu Jin Kang, Byung Ik Jang, Kyeong Ok Kim
Intestinal Research.2015; 13(1): 60. CrossRef

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Relationship between Positron Emission Tomography Uptake and Macroscopic Findings of Colorectal Cancer: So Young Kim, Sun-Young Lee, Hwa-Kyung Lim, Ji Young Lee, Sung Noh Hong, Jeong Hwan Kim, In Kyung Sung, Hyung Seok Park, Chan Sup Shim, Choon Jo Jin, Hyun Woo Chung, Young So; Intest Res 2012;10(2):168-175. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.168

Abstract PDF

Background/Aims
The semiquantitative parameter "standard uptake value" (SUV) of ¹⁸Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET) provides important additional information about colorectal cancer. In general, colorectal cancers exhibit different growth patterns with different clinicopathological characteristics. The aim of this study was to elucidate the link between the macroscopic appearance of colorectal cancers and maximum SUV (SUV_max) FDG uptakes. Methods: We analyzed 347 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent PET scanning before treatment. The SUV_max of colorectal cancer was analyzed by examining PET images. The macroscopic appearance of each colorectal cancer was classified into three major types: ulcerofungating (n=223), ulceroinfiltrating (n=44), and fungating (n=78). Two cases that were difficult to classify were excluded from the study. Results: The SUV_max was higher in colorectal cancers with an ulcerofungating appearance (12.19±5.84, mean±standard deviation) and ulceroinfiltrating appearance (11.66±5.63) than in those with a fungating appearance (9.58±6.67; P=0.005) (ulcerofungating and ulceroinfiltrative vs. fungating, P＜0.001). A smaller tumor size (P＜0.001) were significantly related to the fungating colorectal cancer. Four out of six colorectal cancers that did not show FDG uptake were the fungating type. Conclusions: Colorectal cancers with a fungating appearance exhibit a lower SUV_max, shallower invasion and smaller tumor size. Our results indicate that colorectal cancers with a fungating appearance would be less prominent on PET scan than those with an ulcerofungating or ulceroinfiltrating appearance, and thus require more attention. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-175)

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Diagnostic and prognostic value of preoperative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for colorectal cancer: comparison with conventional computed tomography
Joo Young Lee, Soon Man Yoon, Jeong Tae Kim, Ki Bae Kim, Mi Jin Kim, Jae Geun Park, Taek-Gu Lee, Sang-Jeon Lee, Sung Soo Koong, Joung-Ho Han, Hee Bok Chae, Seon Mee Park, Sei Jin Youn
Intestinal Research.2017; 15(2): 208. CrossRef
Does Diabetes Mellitus Influence Standardized Uptake Values of Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Colorectal Cancer?
Da Yeon Oh, Ji Won Kim, Seong-Joon Koh, Mingoo Kim, Ji Hoon Park, Su Yeon Cho, Byeong Gwan Kim, Kook Lae Lee, Jong Pil Im
Intestinal Research.2014; 12(2): 146. CrossRef

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Risk Factors for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection: Han Seung Ryu, Yong Sung Kim, Geom Seog Seo, Yu Min Lee, Suck Chei Choi; Intest Res 2012;10(2):176-182. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.176

Abstract PDF

Background/Aims
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a common nosocomial infection associated with substantial morbidity, mortality and increased medical care costs. Although most patients initially respond to therapy, with either metronidazole or vancomycin, about 15-20% of patients experience recurrence. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors related to recurrent CDI (RCDI). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data, from patients diagnosed with CDI during admission at a university hospital between January 2000 and December 2006, for comparison with data from RCDI patients. Results: Among a total of 294 CDI patients, 32 (10.8%) had experienced RCDI. Risk factors for RCDI included anemia, congestive heart failure, respiratory infection, time between admission and CDI diagnosis, duration of antibiotic therapy prior to CDI diagnosis, tube feeding, and gastrointestinal endoscopy. Multivariate analysis revealed that tube feeding was associated with recurrence (odds ratio, 3.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.38-9.65; P=0.009). Conclusions: Patients who received tube feeding were at increased risk of RCDI. Targeting these patients for preventive strategies may contribute to a reduction in the incidence of RCDI. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-182)

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Prognostic factors for severe and recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: a systematic review
Tessel M. van Rossen, Rogier E. Ooijevaar, Christina M.J.E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls, Olaf M. Dekkers, Ed J. Kuijper, Josbert J. Keller, Joffrey van Prehn
Clinical Microbiology and Infection.2022; 28(3): 321. CrossRef
European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases: 2021 update on the treatment guidance document for Clostridioides difficile infection in adults
Joffrey van Prehn, Elena Reigadas, Erik H. Vogelzang, Emilio Bouza, Adriana Hristea, Benoit Guery, Marcela Krutova, Torbjorn Norén, Franz Allerberger, John E. Coia, Abraham Goorhuis, Tessel M. van Rossen, Rogier E. Ooijevaar, Karen Burns, Bente R. Scharvi
Clinical Microbiology and Infection.2021; 27: S1. CrossRef
Biological characteristics associated with virulence in Clostridioides difficile ribotype 002 in Hong Kong
Ka Yi Kong, Thomas N. Y. Kwong, Hung Chan, Kristine Wong, Samuel S. Y. Wong, Anu P. Chaparala, Raphael C. Y. Chan, Lin Zhang, Joseph J. Y. Sung, Jun Yu, Peter M. Hawkey, Margaret Ip, William K. K. Wu, Sunny H. Wong
Emerging Microbes & Infections.2020; 9(1): 631. CrossRef
Clostridium difficile in Asia: Opportunities for One Health Management
Deirdre A. Collins, Thomas V. Riley
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2018; 4(1): 7. CrossRef
Risk Factors for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abhishek Deshpande, Vinay Pasupuleti, Priyaleela Thota, Chaitanya Pant, David D.K. Rolston, Adrian V. Hernandez, Curtis J. Donskey, Thomas G. Fraser
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.2015; 36(4): 452. CrossRef
Risk Factors for Delayed Recurrence ofClostridium difficileInfection
Ji Won Kim
Intestinal Research.2014; 12(4): 266. CrossRef
Long-Term Clinical Outcome ofClostridium difficileInfection in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Study
Young Seok Doh, You Sun Kim, Hye Jin Jung, Young Il Park, Jin Won Mo, Hyun Sung, Kyung Jin Lee, Young Ki Seo, Jeong Seop Moon, Seong Woo Hong
Intestinal Research.2014; 12(4): 299. CrossRef
Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in Asia
Deirdre A Collins, Peter M Hawkey, Thomas V Riley
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control.2013; 2(1): 21. CrossRef
Clostridium difficileInfection: What's New?
Geom Seog Seo
Intestinal Research.2013; 11(1): 1. CrossRef

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A Clinical Review of the Intussusception in Adult: Su Jin Kim, Cheol Hee Park, Yong Min Kim, Seong Yeol Kim, Seung Yeon Chun, Chin Woo Kwon, Ji Won Park, Kyoung Oh Kim, Il Hyun Baek, Kyo Sang Yoo, Jong Hyeok Kim, Choong Kee Park; Intest Res 2012;10(2):183-188. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.183

Abstract PDF

Background/Aims
Intussusception is uncommon in adults compared with children. The present study aimed to review our experience of adult intussusceptions and discuss the preoperative diagnosis and management. Methods: A retrospective review was performed for 25 patients, at least 18 years old. These patients were diagnosed as intestinal intussusceptions at Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital from January 1999 to October 2010. Results: There were 14 male and 11 female with a mean age of 55 years. The most common symptom was abdominal pain. The preoperative diagnostic rate was 92% because of the use of an abdominal computed tomography (CT) and an ultrasound. A total of 9 (36%) patients had enteroenteric intussusception, 8 had ileocolic, 1 had ileocecal and 7 patients had colocolic intussusception. A discrete pathologic process was present in 22 (88%) patients and the remaining 3 (12%) patients were idiopathic. There were 12 small bowel lesions and 10 colonic lesions. Neoplasms were the most common etiology of intussusceptions. Of the cases with a defined colonic cause, 8 (80%) were malignant. Overall, 12 (48%) patients underwent primary resection of the intussusception without prior reduction, 11 (44%) patients had reduction of their intussusception followed by resection. Conclusions: Adult colonic intussusception is usually associated with malignancy. All patients with obstruction of unknown cause or lead point on CT should consider surgical exploration. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-188)

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Adult intussusception caused by inverted Meckel's diverticulum treated with operation
Sung Yun Lee, Jae Yoon Jeong, Seung Hyun Hong, Seung Min Woo, Su Heui Lee, Hyun Joo You, Dong Won Kim
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2016; 33(2): 116. CrossRef
Conservative Management of Adult Small Bowel Intussusception Detected at Abdominal Computed Tomography
Ju Sun Kim, Jae Hoon Lim, Jin Ho Jeong, Wan Sung Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 65(5): 291. CrossRef
Adult intussusceptions: preoperative predictive factors for malignant lead point
Kil Hwan Kim, Hwan Namgung, Dong Guk Park
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2014; 86(5): 244. CrossRef
A Case of Small Bowel Intussusception Caused by Jejunal Hamartoma Confused as Hepatitis A in an Adult
Joon Hur, Gu-Min Cho, Young Ook Eum, Ji Young Park, Mi Sung Kim, Byung Seong Ko, Hyang Mi Shin, Seung-Myoung Son
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2012; 29(2): 110. CrossRef

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The Changes in Etiology and Clinical Features of Non-Traumatic Small Bowel Perforation: Byeong Gwan Kim, Ji Won Kim, Kook Lae Lee, Jae Kyung Lee, Ji Bong Jeong; Intest Res 2012;10(2):189-195. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.189

Abstract PDF: Background/Aims
We investigated the clinical features, and treatment outcomes in patients with non-traumatic small bowel perforations and compared these results to the previous study with patients who were diagnosed between 1997 and 2002. Methods: Patients who diagnosed non-traumatic small bowel perforation between January 2003 and December 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Of 38 patients of non-traumatic small bowel perforation, the most common etiologies were Crohn's disease (CD) (36.8%), followed by intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) (28.9%) and primary malignancy (15.8%). In the study of 2002, however, the most common etiologies were idiopathic (39.3%), followed by mechanical obstruction (28.6%) and infectious enteritis (14.3%). Of 38 cases, 8 perforation sites were found in the jejunum and 30 in the ileum. The number of perforations was single in 20, two in 15, and over 2 in 3 cases. Twenty-five patients were treated with resection and anastomosis, nine patients with primary closure, and four patients with both procedures. The site and number of perforations, surgical methods, and post-operative complication rates were similar to those of 2002. The perforation patients with ITB had more frequent night sweats and pulmonary tuberculosis findings than those with CD. Conclusions: Although the clinical features and surgical outcomes in the 2009 study were similar to those of the previous study conducted in 2003, the etiologies of perforations were different; CD and ITB were two most common etiologies. In addition, clinical characteristics such as night sweats or pulmonary tuberculosis were suggestive findings for the diagnosis of ITB. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-195)

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Presacral Abscess with Bilateral Sciatica in a Patient with Crohn's Disease: Won Chul Kim, Sang Woo Kim, Byoung Soung Go, Sung Jin Moon, Soung Hoon Cho, Chul-Hyun Lim, Kyu Young Choi, In-Sik Chung, Won Kyung Kang; Intest Res 2012;10(2):196-200. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.196

Abstract PDF: Crohn's disease can cause intestinal strictures, perforations, fistulas, or abscesses. Although fistulas and abscesses are common complications of Crohn's disease, a presacral abscess with neuromuscular complications is very unusual. A delayed diagnosis and treatment may increase morbidity. The diagnosis is frequently delayed, because the clinical features of presacral abscess are variable and nonspecific. We experienced a case of a presacral abscess with bilateral sciatica in a 25-year-old male patient. He was diagnosed with Crohn's disease of the terminal ileum 2 months previously and has been managed with mesalazine. He visited our hospital due to pain in the buttocks and severe neuralgia in both thighs. We confirmed enteric fistulas, resulting in a presacral abscess, which extended symmetrically through both sciatic notches and the gluteus medius muscles. He was managed with antibiotics after a small bowel segmentectomy, right hemicolectomy, fistulectomy, and surgical drainage. The bilateral radicular pain resolved completely within 2 weeks of surgery. The patient has remained in remission and asymptomatic 1 year after surgery. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-200)

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Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma of the Rectum Cured by Radiotherapy: Joon Gi Min, Jae Ho Choi, Eun Young Kim, Hyun Soo Kim, Jae Myung Cha, Joung Il Lee, Kwang Ro Joo, Hyun Phil Shin, Jae Jun Park, Weon Kyu Chung; Intest Res 2012;10(2):201-205. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.201

Abstract PDF

Primary rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a particularly rare disease, comprising ＜1% of gastrointestinal lymphomas. Although antibiotic therapy has been demonstrated effective for gastric MALT lymphoma, the optimal treatment for MALT lymphoma of the rectum is unknown. Radiotherapy or surgery is often used to treat limited stage MALT lymphoma of the rectum. Here, we describe a case of a 44-year-old-man, who was diagnosed with primary MALT lymphoma of the rectum through colonoscopy. Other staging evaluations, including upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, abdomino-pelvic CT, chest CT, 18F fludeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography, and a bone marrow examination showed no other abnormalities, except stage IA para-rectal lymphadenopathy. The patient received 2 months of radiotherapy without major toxicity. A follow-up abdomino-pelvic CT scan revealed marked improvement in the volume of rectal lymphoma and adjacent lymph nodes. Mucosal nodularity of the lower rectum had completely regressed at the follow-up endoscopy and complete remission was confirmed with a biopsy. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-205)

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Endoscopic features and clinical outcomes of colorectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma
Min Kyung Jeon, Hoonsub So, Jooryung Huh, Hee Sang Hwang, Sung Wook Hwang, Sang Hyoung Park, Dong-Hoon Yang, Kee Don Choi, Byong Duk Ye, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Jeong-Sik Byeon
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2018; 87(2): 529. CrossRef

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A Case of Rectal Ulcer Bleeding Caused by Garlic Inserted into the Rectum: Mahn Lee, Han Na Lee, Ji Hye Kim, Hyun Jung Song, Dong Ju Yang, Jin Sil Pyo, Yoo Jin Um, Kyu Chan Huh; Intest Res 2012;10(2):206-209. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.206

Abstract PDF: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding can be caused by various etiologies including hemorrhoids, diverticulitis, neoplasms, and ulcerative colitis. However, a rectal ulcer is rarely caused by lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and an anorectal foreign body is a very rare cause of a rectal ulcer. We report the case of a 48-year-old male patient who presented to the emergency department with massive hematochezia and hypovolemic shock that occurred 5 days after inserting garlic into the rectum for treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-209)

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A Case of Acquired Zonal Aganglionosis in Adult: Woong Jun Kim, Chang Soo Eun, Min Kyu Lee, Seung Yeon Min, Yeon Hwa Yoo, Dong Soo Han, Yong Cheol Jeon, Joo Hyun Sohn; Intest Res 2012;10(2):210-214. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.210

Abstract PDF: A chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a rare disorder and a severe digestive syndrome. It is characterized by deranged gut propulsive motility that resembles a mechanical obstruction, but no obstructive process is present. An intestinal pseudo-obstruction may be classified as acute or chronic; the chronic form may also be classified as idiopathic or secondary to a variety of diseases. Treatment of intestinal pseudo-obstruction involves nutritional, pharmacological, and surgical therapies. Surgery should be limited to patients who are refractory to medical therapy and show a deteriorating course. Despite available medical and surgical interventions, the outcome remains poor. Here, we describe a case of a 54-year-old female with chronic constipation and abdominal distension, who was subsequently found to have segmental aganglionosis. The patient was treated with a subtotal colectomy and ileosigmoidostomy without sequelae. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-214)

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Computer-aided System for Predicting the Histology of Colorectal Tumors by Using Narrow-band Imaging Magnifying Colonoscopy (Gastrointest Endosc 2012;75:179-185): Hyoun Woo Kang; Intest Res 2012;10(2):215-218. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.215

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The diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence and computer-aided diagnosis for the detection and characterisation of colorectal polyps: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (Preprint)
Scarlet Nazarian, Ben Glover, Hutan Ashrafian, Ara Darzi, Julian Teare
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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