Intestinal Research

Original Article

Miscellaneous

Primary epiploic appendagitis: compared with diverticulitis and focused on obesity and recurrence: Youn I Choi, Hyun Sun Woo, Jun-Won Chung, Young Sup Shim, Kwang An Kwon, Kyoung Oh Kim, Yoon Jae Kim, Dong Kyun Park; Intest Res 2019;17(4):554-560. Published online October 14, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00148

Background/Aims
There is limited data to compare the clinical characteristics and recurrence rates between left-sided primary epiploic appendagitis (PEA) versus left-sided acute colonic diverticulitis (ACD), and right-sided PEA versus right-sided ACD, respectively.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and radiologic images of the patients who presented with left-sided or right-sided acute abdominal pain and had computer tomography performed at the time of presentation showing radiological signs of PEA or ACD between January 2004 and December 2014. We compared the clinical characteristics of left PEA versus left ACD and right PEA versus right ACD, respectively.
Results
Fifty-six patients (left:right = 27:29) and 308 patients (left:right = 24:284) were diagnosed with symptomatic PEA and ACD, respectively. Left-sided PEA were statistically significantly younger (50.2 ± 15.4 years vs. 62.1 ± 15.8 years, P= 0.009), more obese (body mass index [BMI]: 26.3 ± 2.9 kg/m2 vs. 22.3 ± 3.1 kg/m2 , P< 0.001), and had more tendencies with normal or mildly elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (1.2 ± 1.3 mg/dL vs. 8.4 ± 7.9 mg/dL, P< 0.001) than patients with left-sided ACD. The discriminative function of age, BMI and CRP between left-sided PEA versus left-sided ACD was 0.71 (cutoff: age ≤ 59 years, sensitivity of 66.7%, specificity of 77.8%), 0.83 (cutoff: BMI > 24.5 kg/m2 , sensitivity of 80.0%, specificity of 80.0%) and 0.80 (cutoff: CRP < 1.8 mg/dL, sensitivity of 72.2%, specificity of 85.7%).
Conclusions
If patients with left lower quadrant abdominal pain are less than 60 years, obese (BMI > 24.5 kg/m2 ) with or without normal to mild elevated CRP levels (CRP < 1.8 mg/dL), it might be necessary for clinicians to suspect the diagnosis of PEA rather than ACD.

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Diagnosis and treatment of epiploic appendagitis in a Middle Eastern country: An observational retrospective analysis of 156 cases
Ayman El‐Menyar, Syed G. A. Naqvi, Omer Al‐Yahri, Abdelaziz MA Abusal, Abdulwahhab Al‐Shaikhli, Sadia Sajid, Husham Abdelrahman, Ahmad G. Kloub, Muhamed Ibnas, Rifat Latifi, Yasser M. R. Toble, Hassan Al‐Thani
World Journal of Surgery.2024; 48(6): 1363. CrossRef
Epiploic Adipose Tissue (EPAT) in Obese Individuals Promotes Colonic Tumorigenesis: A Novel Model for EPAT-Dependent Colorectal Cancer Progression
Rida Iftikhar, Patricia Snarski, Angelle N. King, Jenisha Ghimire, Emmanuelle Ruiz, Frank Lau, Suzana D. Savkovic
Cancers.2023; 15(3): 977. CrossRef
Recurrencia en pacientes con apendagitis epiploica: un reporte de caso
Mía Alejandra Gómez Corrales, Fabian Andrés Chávez Ecos, Jackeline Alexandra Espinoza Utani, Carlos Alberto Dávila Hernández
Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología.2023; 38(1): 94. CrossRef

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Case Report

Drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia in a patient with Crohn's disease: diagnosis and treatment using fraction of exhaled nitric oxide: Jina Yeo, Hyun Sun Woo, Sang Min Lee, Yoon Jae Kim, Kwang An Kwon, Dong Kyun Park, Jung Ho Kim, Kyoung Oh Kim, Jun-Won Chung; Intest Res 2017;15(4):529-534. Published online October 23, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2017.15.4.529

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid agents (mesalazine and sulfasalazine) and azathioprine are the mainstays of treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. Reports of pulmonary toxicity induced by oral 5-aminosalicylic acid agents or azathioprine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease are very rare; to date, only 38 cases have been reported worldwide. We, herein, report a case involving a 26-year-old man who was diagnosed with eosinophilic pneumonia after using mesalazine and azathioprine for the treatment of Crohn's disease and recovered after treatment. We also found that the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide level was elevated in this patient. After treatment, the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide level decreased and the symptoms improved. The present case shows that fraction of exhaled nitric oxide is related to the disease activity and treatment effectiveness of druginduced eosinophilic pneumonia.

Citations

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Exploratory disproportionality analysis of potentially drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia using United States Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system
Ashwin Kamath
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Qualitative and quantitative study of intermolecular weak interactions for aminosalicylic acid isomers by terahertz spectroscopy
Yuan Tang, Zhi Li, Shan Tu, Yulai She, Yongying Gan
International Journal of Quantum Chemistry.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Spontaneous resolution of focal eosinophilic myositis of the adductor pollicis complicated by lung lesions
Sayuri Yamashita, Hidenaga Kawasumi, Makiko Kimura, Mutsuto Tateishi
Modern Rheumatology Case Reports.2020; 4(1): 106. CrossRef
lncRNACNN3-206 activates intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and invasion by sponging miR-212, an implication for Crohn's disease
Na Li, Rui-Hua Shi
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2020; 26(5): 478. CrossRef
Expression alteration of long non-coding RNAs and their target genes in the intestinal mucosa of patients with Crohn’s disease
Na Li, Ruihua Shi
Clinica Chimica Acta.2019; 494: 14. CrossRef
Mesalazin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia in a 15-year-old boy with ulcerative colitis
G. N. Yankinа, L. V. Gorlenko, E. V. Loshkova, E. I. Kondratyeva, E. Yu. Tuteva, A. A. Terenteva, V. A. Zhelev, E. V. Mikhalev, T. A. Shemyakinа, T. S. Krivonogova, N. A. Ryzhakova, E. V. Romanova
Bulletin of Siberian Medicine.2019; 18(3): 245. CrossRef
Oxidative Stress and Effect of Treatment on the Oxidation Product Decomposition Processes in IBD
Ewa Dudzińska, Magdalena Gryzinska, Katarzyna Ognik, Paulina Gil-Kulik, Janusz Kocki, Vladimir Jakovljevic
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Articles

Usefulness of endoscopic resection using the band ligation method for rectal neuroendocrine tumors: Ju Seung Kim, Yoon Jae Kim, Jun-Won Chung, Jung Ho Kim, Kyoung Oh Kim, Kwang An Kwon, Dong Kyun Park, Jung Suk An; Intest Res 2016;14(2):164-171. Published online April 27, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2016.14.2.164

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

<b>Background/Aims</b><br/>

Rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are among the most common of gastrointestinal NETs. Due to recent advances in endoscopy, various methods of complete endoscopic resection have been introduced for small (≤10 mm) rectal NETs. However, there is a debate about the optimal treatment for rectal NETs. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of endoscopic resection using pneumoband and elastic band (ER-BL) for rectal NETs smaller than 10 mm in diameter.

Methods

A total of 55 patients who were diagnosed with rectal NET from January 2004 to December 2011 at Gil Medical Center were analyzed retrospectively. Sixteen patients underwent ER-BL. For comparison, 39 patients underwent conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR).

Results

There was a markedly lower deep margin positive rate for ER-BL than for conventional EMR (6% [1/16] vs. 46% [18/39], P=0.029). Four patients who underwent conventional EMR experienced perforation or bleeding. However, they recovered within a few days. On the other hand, patients whounderwent endoscopic resection using a pneumoband did not experience any complications. In multivariate analysis, ER-BL (P=0.021) was independently associated with complete resection.

Conclusions

ER-BL is an effective endoscopic treatment with regards to deep margin resection for rectal NET smaller than 10 mm.

Citations

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Endoscopic treatments for rectal neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Jie Chen, Jianfang Ye, Xiong Zheng, Jianyong Chen
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2024; 28(3): 301. CrossRef
Endoscopic mucosal resection using anchored snare Tip-in versus precut technique for small rectal neuroendocrine tumors
Seung Wook Hong, Dong-Hoon Yang, Yoo Jin Lee, Dong Hoon Baek, Jaeyoung Chun, Hyun Gun Kim, Sung Joo Kim, Seung-Mo Hong, Dae-Seong Myung
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2024; 39(2): 238. CrossRef
Outcome of Endoscopic Resection of Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors ≤ 10 mm
Roberta Elisa Rossi, Maria Terrin, Silvia Carrara, Roberta Maselli, Alexia Francesca Bertuzzi, Silvia Uccella, Andrea Gerardo Antonio Lania, Alessandro Zerbi, Cesare Hassan, Alessandro Repici
Diagnostics.2024; 14(14): 1484. CrossRef
Clinical outcomes of endoscopic resection for rectal neuroendocrine tumors: Advantages of endoscopic submucosal resection with a ligation device compared to conventional EMR and ESD
Yuki Kamigaichi, Ken Yamashita, Shiro Oka, Hirosato Tamari, Yasutsugu Shimohara, Tomoyuki Nishimura, Katsuaki Inagaki, Yuki Okamoto, Hidenori Tanaka, Ryo Yuge, Yuji Urabe, Koji Arihiro, Shinji Tanaka
DEN Open.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection in Children
David S. Vitale, Kelly Wang, Laith H. Jamil, Kenneth H. Park, Quin Y. Liu
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2022; 74(1): 20. CrossRef
Rectal neuroendocrine tumors: Current advances in management, treatment, and surveillance
Camilla Gallo, Roberta Elisa Rossi, Federica Cavalcoli, Federico Barbaro, Ivo Boškoski, Pietro Invernizzi, Sara Massironi
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 28(11): 1123. CrossRef
Comparison of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (with videos)
Sung Sil Park, Kyung Su Han, Bun Kim, Byung Chang Kim, Chang Won Hong, Dae Kyung Sohn, Hee Jin Chang
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2020; 91(5): 1164. CrossRef
Treatment Results of Endoscopic Mucosal Resection with a Ligation Device for Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors
Ai Fujimoto, Motoki Sasaki, Osamu Goto, Tadateru Maehata, Yasutoshi Ochiai, Motohiko Kato, Atsushi Nakayama, Teppei Akimoto, Jyunko Kuramoto, Yuichiro Hayashi, Kaori Kameyama, Naohisa Yahagi
Internal Medicine.2019; 58(6): 773. CrossRef
Endoscopic submucosal resection with an endoscopic variceal ligation device for the treatment of rectal neuroendocrine tumors
Masahide Ebi, Shoko Nakagawa, Yoshiharu Yamaguchi, Yasuhiro Tamura, Shinya Izawa, Yasutaka Hijikata, Takaya Shimura, Yasushi Funaki, Naotaka Ogasawara, Makoto Sasaki, Takashi Joh, Kunio Kasugai
International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2018; 33(12): 1703. CrossRef
Neuroendocrine neoplasms of rectum: A management update
Emilio Bertani, Davide Ravizza, Massimo Milione, Sara Massironi, Chiara Maria Grana, Dario Zerini, Alessandra Nella Piccioli, Giuseppe Spinoglio, Nicola Fazio
Cancer Treatment Reviews.2018; 66: 45. CrossRef

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The Iatrogenic Complications of Colonoscopic Polypectomy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study: Min Ho Choi, Yun Sun Choi, Chan Soo So, Woon Geon Shin, Kyoung Oh Kim, Hyun Joo Jang, Cheol Hee Park, Kyung Ho Kim, Jin Bae Kim, Il Hyun Baek, Kwang Ho Baik, Sea Hyub Kae, Hak Yang Kim; Intest Res 2013;11(1):46-51. Published online January 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2013.11.1.46

Abstract PDF

Background/Aims
Colonoscopic polypectomy is an effective tool for the treatment of colonic polyps. With the recent widespread use of colonoscopic polypectomy, there is a growing concern about iatrogenic complications, such as bleeding and perforation. The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical presentation and management of complications during colonoscopic polypectomy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of colonoscopic examinations performed at 5 hospitals of Hallym University Medical Center between June 2005 and June 2008. Results: A total of 26,773 colonoscopies and 4,123 colonoscopic polypectomy were performed. The overall rate of complication was 1.04% (43/4,123). Perforation occurred in 0.19% (8/4,123) of cases, and bleeding occurred in 0.85% (35/4,123) of cases. Perforation occurred in 0.05% of snare polypectomies, 1.09% of endoscopic mucosal resections (EMR), and 7.14% of endoscopic submucosal dissections (ESD). Bleeding occurred in 0.8% of snare polypectomies, 1.09% of EMRs, and 3.57% of ESDs. The complication rate of ESDs was higher than in EMRs and snare polypectomies (P<0.001). Endoscopic clippings were performed in 25% of perforation and 66.7% of bleeding cases. Medical treatment was successful in 75% of perforation and 100% of bleeding cases. Conclusions: Colonoscopic polypectomy is a safe procedure for the treatment of colonic polyps, but rarely, serious complications occur. Compared to a snare polypectomy or an EMR, the complication of an ESD occurs more frequently. Endoscopic treatment and further conservative management seems to be appropriate in most cases with complication. (Intest Res 2011;13:46-51)

Citations

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Clinical Characteristics of Colonoscopic Perforation and Risk Factors for Complications After Surgical Treatment
Liang Li, Bing Xue, Chunxia Yang, Zhongbo Han, Hongqiang Xie, Meng Wang
Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques.2020; 30(11): 1153. CrossRef
How Should We Manage Iatrogenic Perforation Caused by Colonoscopy?
Eun Sun Kim
Clinical Endoscopy.2016; 49(3): 214. CrossRef
Efficacy of Laparoscopic Primary Repair in the Treatment of Colonic Perforation After Colonoscopy: A Review of 40,127 Patients
Wu Zhong, Chongrong Qiu, Chuanyuan Liu, Chuanfa Fang, Laiyang Xia, Junlin Liang, Seng Zhang, Lisheng Chen
Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques.2016; 26(6): e105. CrossRef
The Feasibility of Performing Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Without Previous Experience in Performing Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Dong-Hoon Yang, Gwi Hong Jeong, Yerim Song, Sang Hyoung Park, Soo-Kyung Park, Jong Wook Kim, Kee Wook Jung, Kyung-Jo Kim, Byong Duk Ye, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Jin-Ho Kim, Young Soo Park, Jeong-Sik Byeon
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2015; 60(11): 3431. CrossRef

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A Clinical Review of the Intussusception in Adult: Su Jin Kim, Cheol Hee Park, Yong Min Kim, Seong Yeol Kim, Seung Yeon Chun, Chin Woo Kwon, Ji Won Park, Kyoung Oh Kim, Il Hyun Baek, Kyo Sang Yoo, Jong Hyeok Kim, Choong Kee Park; Intest Res 2012;10(2):183-188. Published online April 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2012.10.2.183

Abstract PDF

Background/Aims
Intussusception is uncommon in adults compared with children. The present study aimed to review our experience of adult intussusceptions and discuss the preoperative diagnosis and management. Methods: A retrospective review was performed for 25 patients, at least 18 years old. These patients were diagnosed as intestinal intussusceptions at Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital from January 1999 to October 2010. Results: There were 14 male and 11 female with a mean age of 55 years. The most common symptom was abdominal pain. The preoperative diagnostic rate was 92% because of the use of an abdominal computed tomography (CT) and an ultrasound. A total of 9 (36%) patients had enteroenteric intussusception, 8 had ileocolic, 1 had ileocecal and 7 patients had colocolic intussusception. A discrete pathologic process was present in 22 (88%) patients and the remaining 3 (12%) patients were idiopathic. There were 12 small bowel lesions and 10 colonic lesions. Neoplasms were the most common etiology of intussusceptions. Of the cases with a defined colonic cause, 8 (80%) were malignant. Overall, 12 (48%) patients underwent primary resection of the intussusception without prior reduction, 11 (44%) patients had reduction of their intussusception followed by resection. Conclusions: Adult colonic intussusception is usually associated with malignancy. All patients with obstruction of unknown cause or lead point on CT should consider surgical exploration. (Intest Res 2012;10: 0-188)

Citations

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Adult intussusception caused by inverted Meckel's diverticulum treated with operation
Sung Yun Lee, Jae Yoon Jeong, Seung Hyun Hong, Seung Min Woo, Su Heui Lee, Hyun Joo You, Dong Won Kim
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2016; 33(2): 116. CrossRef
Conservative Management of Adult Small Bowel Intussusception Detected at Abdominal Computed Tomography
Ju Sun Kim, Jae Hoon Lim, Jin Ho Jeong, Wan Sung Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 65(5): 291. CrossRef
Adult intussusceptions: preoperative predictive factors for malignant lead point
Kil Hwan Kim, Hwan Namgung, Dong Guk Park
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2014; 86(5): 244. CrossRef
A Case of Small Bowel Intussusception Caused by Jejunal Hamartoma Confused as Hepatitis A in an Adult
Joon Hur, Gu-Min Cho, Young Ook Eum, Ji Young Park, Mi Sung Kim, Byung Seong Ko, Hyang Mi Shin, Seung-Myoung Son
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2012; 29(2): 110. CrossRef

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Case Report

A Case of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura with Suspicious Focal Bowel Necrosis in an Adult: Su Jin Kim, Cheol Hee Park, So Yeon Kim, In Joung Lee, Chul Min Park, Chang Beom Cho, Jin Woo Kwon, Ji Won Park, Kyung Rim Huh, Kyoung Oh Kim, Il Hyun Baek, Kyo Sang Yoo, Jong Hyeok Kim, Choong Kee Park; Intest Res 2011;9(2):148-152. Published online August 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2011.9.2.148

Abstract PDF: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a vasculitis of the small vessels of the skin, joints, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys characterized by immunoglobulin A deposits in the involved organs. HSP is typified by the classic tetrad of purpura, arthralgia, abdominal pain, and renal involvement. It is common in childhood, but may also occur in adults and can be accompanied by severe complications. Gastrointestinal symptoms occur in up to 85% of patients, and gastrointestinal involvement can manifest as severe problems including intussusception, obstruction, and perforation. The disease course is often self-limited, but severe manifestations occasionally require surgical intervention. We report the case of a 24-year-old man with HSP who presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. Computerized tomography revealed thickening of the ileal wall and multifocal disrupted prominent mucosal enhancement. These findings suggested hemorrhagic enteritis and mucosal necrosis. After treatment with high dose corticosteroids, the lesion improved and surgical intervention was avoided. Our experience suggests that corticosteroid therapy may help in controlling HSP with suspicious small bowel necrosis. (Intest Res 2011;9:148-152)

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Original Article

Risk Factor of Ischemic Colitis and Usefulness of High-Resolution Ultrasonography: Woon Geon Shin, Cheol Hee Park, Jae One Jung, Joon Ho Moon, Kyoung Oh Kim, Yong Woo Chung, Gwang Ho Baek, Taeho Hahn, Kyo-Sang Yoo, Sang Hoon Park, Jong Hyeok Kim, Sea Hyub Kae, Kwan Seop Lee, Choong Kee Park; Intest Res 2006;4(1):32-38. Published online June 30, 2006

Abstract PDF: Background/Aims
Although the majority of ischemic colitis have excellent prognosis by supportive management, there are a lot of controversies in relation to the prognostic factors. Lately, role of sonography has been emphasized in colonic ischemia. The aim of this study is the identification of the prognostic factors and the usefulness of high-resolution ultrasonography in detecting involved site and severity of ischemic colitis. Methods: The clinical databases were reviewed between April 1999 and March 2004. 60 cases were diagnosed as ischemic colitis. Clinical characteristics, coexisting illness, segment of colon involved, and sonographic finding were analyzed. Results: The poor prognosis group was significantly older than the good prognosis group (p=0.017). The difference in involved colonic segment between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.001). However, in logistic regression, only right colonic involvement was an independent poor prognostic factor (95% confidence interval, 1.7-46.4; p=0.01). Ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 82%. Conclusions: Only right colonic involvement was an independent poor prognostic factor. Noninvasive high-resolution ultrasonography was a valuable technique for the detection and the follow-up of colonic ischemia. Therefore, sigmoidoscopy and sonography are preferable to heavy going colonoscopy in severe colonic ischemia. (Intestinal Research 2006;4:32-38)

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Case Report

Adult Intussusception: Three-dimensional Reconstruction of Computed Tomography: Joon Ho Moon, Cheol Hee Park, Kyoung Oh Kim, Taeho Hahn, Kyo-Sang Yoo, Sang Hoon Park, Jong Hyeok Kim, Choong Kee Park; Intest Res 2006;4(1):69-72. Published online June 30, 2006

Abstract PDF: Intussusceptions in adults are relatively rare. About 70% to 90% of cases have demonstrable etiologies, and 40% of them are caused by malignant neoplasm. Diagnosis may be difficult with conventional diagnostic techniques due to the low incidence and the rare consideration to intussusception in adults. Computed tomography (CT) is now widely used in the evaluation of abdominal mass and nonspecific abdominal pain that may be the first presentation of an intussusception. But, CT is often not successful in determining the specific causes of the intussusception, as the lead point in many cases is small and often hidden within the intussuscepted mass. We report two cases of adult intussusceptions by sigmoid colon cancer with three-dimensional reconstruction of conventional CT. (Intestinal Research 2006;4:69-73)

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Original Articles

The Safety of Colonoscopy Using Sedation with Propofol: Jong Pyo Kim, Cheol Hee Park, Jae One Jung, Joon Ho Moon, Woon Geon Shin, Kyoung Oh Kim, Tae Ho Han, Kyo Sang Yoo, Sang Hoon Park, Jong Hyeok Kim, Choong Kee Park; Intest Res 2005;3(1):11-17. Published online June 30, 2005

Abstract PDF: Background/Aims
The usage of sedative agents like midazolam or propofol and a desire for efficient and safe endoscopy have contributed to changes in the practice of endoscopic sedation. The clinical efficacy and safety of propofol as premedication for outpatient colonoscopy is under evaluation in Korea. We compared propofol to low-dose midazolam for colonoscopy with conscious sedation. Methods: Outpatients undergoing colonoscopy were randomized to receive either propofol or low-dose midazolam (0.05 mg/kg). Total 92 patients were divided into 2 groups (propofol group: 51, low-dose midazolam group: 41). Induction of sedation, procedure and recovery time, patient's and doctor's satisfaction, complications were evaluated. Results: There was no significant difference between two groups in sex ratio and mean age. The changes in blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration rate and oxygen saturation were not significant in both groups. Patients receiving propofol tolerated colonoscopy much more than those with low-dose midazolam. Major complications such as hemodynamic instability or apnea did not occur in both groups. Conclusions: Propofol was safe and effective premedication for conscious sedation in colonoscopy. Propofol has several advantages over low-dose midazolam. (Intest Res 2005;3:11-17)

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Correlation of Abdominal Sonography with Colonoscopy in Inflammatory and Infectious Bowel Disease: Cheol Hee Park, Jong Hyeok Kim, Jin Cheol Park, Do Kyun Jin, Kil Chan Oh, Chul Sung Park, Kyoung Oh Kim, Kyo-Sang Yoo, Taeho Hahn, Sang Hoon Park, Choong Kee Park, Kwan Seop Lee; Intest Res 2004;2(2):77-82. Published online December 22, 2004

Abstract PDF: Background/Aims
Colonoscopy is the most important tool in the evaluation of the bowel diseases. But it needs bowel preparation, causes pain, hemorrhage, and even perforation in acute stage. Since the development of the high resolution ultrasonography, ultrasonography is widely used in the evaluation of the bowel diseases. It does not need bowel preparation and can be used in acute stage. We compared the results obtained by abdominal ultrasonography with the endoscopic findings to evaluate the location and extent of bowel disease. Methods: Ultrasonographic scan and colonoscopy were performed in 70 patients with ulcerative colitis (n=16), Crohn's disease (n=7), tuberculous colitis (n=10), infectious colitis (n=37). Bowel wall thickness was compared with endoscopic findings in a segment-by-segment comparison. A bowel wall thickness of 4 mm or more was considered pathologic. Results: Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography were 86%, 97% in ulcerative colitis, 83%, 88% in Crohn's disease, 83%, 97% in tuberculous colitis, 81%, 96% in infectious colitis and 83%, 96% in total patients. Conclusions: Abdominal ultrasonography may be helpful in evaluating the location and extent of bowel disease and especially, follow-up examination in inflammatory bowel disease. (Intestinal Research 2004;2:77-82)

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