Review
- IBD
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Optimizing 5-aminosalicylate for moderate ulcerative colitis: expert recommendations from the Asia-Pacific, Middle East, and Africa Inflammatory Bowel Disease Coalition
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Filiz Akyüz, Yoon Kyo An, Jakob Begun, Satimai Aniwan, Huu Hoang Bui, Webber Chan, Chang Hwan Choi, Nazeer Chopdat, Susan J Connor, Devendra Desai, Emma Flanagan, Taku Kobayashi, Allen Yu-Hung Lai, Rupert W Leong, Alex Hwong-Ruey Leow, Wai Keung Leung, Julajak Limsrivilai, Virly Nanda Muzellina, Kiran Peddi, Zhihua Ran, Shu Chen Wei, Jose Sollano, Michelle Mui Hian Teo, Kaichun Wu, Byong Duk Ye, Choon Jin Ooi
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Intest Res 2025;23(1):37-55. Published online November 4, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2024.00089
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Abstract
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- The lack of clear definition and classification for “moderate ulcerative colitis (UC)” creates ambiguity regarding the suitability of step-up versus top-down treatment approaches. In this paper, experts address crucial gaps in assessing and managing moderate UC. The Asia-Pacific, Middle East, and Africa Inflammatory Bowel Disease Coalition comprised 24 experts who convened to share, discuss and vote electronically on management recommendations for moderate UC. Experts emphasized that the goal of treating UC is to attain clinical, biomarker, and endoscopic remission using cost-effective strategies such as 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASAs), well-tolerated therapy that can be optimized to improve outcomes. Experts agreed that 5-ASA therapy could be optimized by maximizing dosage (4 g/day for induction of remission), combining oral and topical administration, extending treatment duration beyond 8 weeks, and enhancing patient adherence through personalized counselling and reduced pill burden. Treatment escalation should ideally be reserved for patients with predictors of aggressive disease or those who do not respond to 5-ASA optimization. Premature treatment escalation to advanced therapies (including biologics and oral small molecules) may have long-term health and financial consequences. This paper provides consensus-based expert recommendations and a treatment algorithm, based on current evidence and practices, to assist decision-making in real-world settings.
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Original Article
- IBD
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Vaccination in patients with inflammatory bowel disease–Asian perspectives: the results of a multinational web-based survey in the 8th Asian Organization for Crohn’s and Colitis meeting
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Su Bum Park, Kyeong Ok Kim, Hong Sub Lee, Chang Hwan Choi, Shu Chen Wei, Min Hu Chen, Katsuyoshi Matsuoka
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Intest Res 2023;21(3):363-374. Published online June 16, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2023.00015
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Abstract
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- Background/Aims
Long-term immunosuppressive therapies used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are associated with an increased risk of infections, many of which can be prevented by vaccination. We assessed physicians’ current approaches and clinical practices regarding vaccinations for IBD patients in different Asian countries/regions.
Methods
An internet-based survey was conducted among members of the Asian Organization for Crohn’s and Colitis from September 2020 to November 2020. The questionnaire consisted of 2 parts covering general opinion on the relevance of vaccinations and clinical practice of vaccination.
Results
Overall, 384 Asian medical doctors responded to the survey. The majority of respondents considered it very (57.6%) or sufficiently (39.6%) important to perform vaccinations as recommended by the guidelines. About half of the Asian physicians (52.6%) were usually or always performing vaccinations. The influenza vaccine was the most frequently recommended vaccine for IBD patients. Half of the respondents (51.3%) did not recommend hepatitis A vaccine, especially in China (61.6%) and Japan (93.6%). The diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine were never (35.2%) or rarely (29.4%) recommended.
Conclusions
The findings of this survey indicated similarities among countries/regions in terms of the current approaches and practices regarding vaccination of IBD patients; however, there are some differences that might reflect each country’s domestic vaccination guidelines and health insurance particularly with certain vaccines in some countries/regions. Although Asian physicians largely recommend vaccination, more awareness among doctors and Asian consensus regarding differences in IBD vaccination among countries/regions may be required.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Suboptimal Vaccination Coverage and Serological Screening in Western Australian Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Receiving Immunosuppressive Therapy: An Opportunity for Improvement
Muhammad Shahzad Shabir, Sibgha Arif, Dan Yeoh, Zubin Grover
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Ki Jae Jo, Jong Pil Im
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Crossref
Review
- IBD
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Best practices on immunomodulators and biologic agents for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in Asia
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Choon Jin Ooi, Ida Hilmi, Rupa Banerjee, Sai Wei Chuah, Siew Chien Ng, Shu Chen Wei, Govind K Makharia, Pises Pisespongsa, Min Hu Chen, Zhi Hua Ran, Byong Duk Ye, Dong Il Park, Khoon Lin Ling, David Ong, Vineet Ahuja, Khean Lee Goh, Jose Sollano, Wee Chian Lim, Wai Keung Leung, Raja Affendi Raja Ali, Deng Chyang Wu, Evan Ong, Nazri Mustaffa, Julajak Limsrivilai, Tadakazu Hisamatsu, Suk Kyun Yang, Qin Ouyang, Richard Geary, Janaka H De Silva, Rungsun Rerknimitr, Marcellus Simadibrata, Murdani Abdullah, Rupert WL Leong, the Asia Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE) Working Group on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Asian Organization for Crohn’s and Colitis
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Intest Res 2019;17(3):285-310. Published online May 31, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.00026
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Abstract
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- The Asia-Pacific Working Group on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was established in Cebu, Philippines, under the auspices of the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology with the goal of improving IBD care in Asia. This consensus is carried out in collaboration with Asian Organization for Crohn’s and Colitis. With biologic agents and biosimilars becoming more established, it is necessary to conduct a review on existing literature and establish a consensus on when and how to introduce biologic agents and biosimilars in the conjunction with conventional treatments for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) in Asia. These statements also address how pharmacogenetics influence the treatments of UC and CD and provide guidance on response monitoring and strategies to restore loss of response. Finally, the review includes statements on how to manage treatment alongside possible hepatitis B and tuberculosis infections, both common in Asia. These statements have been prepared and voted upon by members of IBD workgroup employing the modified Delphi process. These statements do not intend to be all-encompassing and future revisions are likely as new data continue to emerge.
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Citations
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Special Review
- IBD
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Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis and Asia Pacific Association of Gastroenterology consensus on tuberculosis infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment. Part 1: risk assessment
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Dong Il Park, Tadakazu Hisamatsu, Minhu Chen, Siew Chien Ng, Choon Jin Ooi, Shu Chen Wei, Rupa Banerjee, Ida Normiha Hilmi, Yoon Tae Jeen, Dong Soo Han, Hyo Jong Kim, Zhihua Ran, Kaichun Wu, Jiaming Qian, Pin-Jin Hu, Katsuyoshi Matsuoka, Akira Andoh, Yasuo Suzuki, Kentaro Sugano, Mamoru Watanabe, Toshifumi Hibi, Amarender S. Puri, Suk-Kyun Yang
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Intest Res 2018;16(1):4-16. Published online January 18, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.16.1.4
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Abstract
PDF
PubReader
ePub
Because anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy has become increasingly popular in many Asian countries, the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) among anti-TNF users may raise serious health problems in this region. Thus, the Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis and the Asia Pacific Association of Gastroenterology have developed a set of consensus statements about risk assessment, detection and prevention of latent TB infection, and management of active TB infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving anti-TNF treatment. Twenty-three consensus statements were initially drafted and then discussed by the committee members. The quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations were assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. Web-based consensus voting was performed by 211 IBD specialists from 9 Asian countries concerning each statement. A consensus statement was accepted if at least 75% of the participants agreed. Part 1 of the statements comprised 2 parts: risk of TB infection Recommendaduring anti-TNF therapy, and screening for TB infection prior to commencing anti-TNF therapy. These consensus statements will help clinicians optimize patient outcomes by reducing the morbidity and mortality related to TB infections in patients with IBD receiving anti-TNF treatment.
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Citations
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Special Review: Consensus on TB in IBD
- IBD
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Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis and Asia Pacific Association of Gastroenterology consensus on tuberculosis infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment. Part 2: management
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Dong Il Park, Tadakazu Hisamatsu, Minhu Chen, Siew Chien Ng, Choon Jin Ooi, Shu Chen Wei, Rupa Banerjee, Ida Normiha Hilmi, Yoon Tae Jeen, Dong Soo Han, Hyo Jong Kim, Zhihua Ran, Kaichun Wu, Jiaming Qian, Pin-Jin Hu, Katsuyoshi Matsuoka, Akira Andoh, Yasuo Suzuki, Kentaro Sugano, Mamoru Watanabe, Toshifumi Hibi, Amarender S. Puri, Suk-Kyun Yang
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Intest Res 2018;16(1):17-25. Published online January 18, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.16.1.17
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-
Abstract
PDF
PubReader
ePub
Because anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy has become increasingly popular in many Asian countries, the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) among anti-TNF users may raise serious health problems in this region. Thus, the Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis and the Asia Pacific Association of Gastroenterology have developed a set of consensus statements about risk assessment, detection and prevention of latent TB infection, and management of active TB infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving anti-TNF treatment. Twenty-three consensus statements were initially drafted and then discussed by the committee members. The quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations were assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. Web-based consensus voting was performed by 211 IBD specialists from 9 Asian countries concerning each statement. A consensus statement was accepted if at least 75% of the participants agreed. Part 2 of the statements comprised 3 parts: management of latent TB in preparation for anti-TNF therapy, monitoring during anti-TNF therapy, and management of an active TB infection after anti-TNF therapy. These consensus statements will help clinicians optimize patient outcomes by reducing the morbidity and mortality related to TB infections in patients with IBD receiving anti-TNF treatment.
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Citations
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Original Article
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Differences in the public medical insurance systems for inflammatory bowel disease treatment in Asian countries
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Shu Chen Wei
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Intest Res 2016;14(3):218-223. Published online June 27, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2016.14.3.218
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Abstract
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- Background/Aims
The cost of caring for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is high. Without government support, the cost burden will unavoidably rest on the patients and their family. However, the government providing full support will place a large financial burden on the health-care systems of a country. The aim of this study is to understand the current status of public medical insurance systems in caring for IBD patients among Asian countries.
MethodsQuestionnaires inquiring about the availability of public health systems; medical, diagnostic, and endoscopy costs; and coverage rate of biologics use were designed and sent to IBD experts in each of the Asian countries studied. The results were summarized according to the feedback from the responders.
ResultsThe public health insurance coverage rate is high in Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, China, Hong Kong, and Singapore; but low in Malaysia and India. This probably affected the use of expensive medications mostly, such as biologics, as we found that the percentage of Crohn's disease (CD) treated with biologics were as high as 30%–40% in Japan, where the government covers all expenses for IBD patients. In India, the percentage maybe as low as 1% for CD patients, most of whom need to pay for the biologics themselves.
ConclusionsThere were differences in the public health insurance systems among the Asian countries studied. This reportprovidesthe background information to understand the differences in the treatment of IBD patients among Asian countries.
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Citations
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