Intestinal Research

Review

IBD

Management of inflammatory bowel disease in the COVID-19 era: Kyeong Ok Kim, Byung Ik Jang; Intest Res 2022;20(1):3-10. Published online February 3, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00156

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many unpredictable changes have occurred in the medical field. Risk of COVID-19 does not seem to increase in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) considering based on current reports. Current medications for IBD do not increase this risk; on the contrary, some of these might be used as therapeutics against COVID-19 and are under clinical trial. Unless the patients have confirmed COVID-19 and severe pneumonia or a high oxygen demand, medical treatment should be continued during the pandemic, except for the use of high-dose corticosteroids. Adherence to general recommendations such as social distancing, wearing facial masks, and vaccination, especially for pneumococcal infections and influenza, is also required. Patients with COVID-19 need to be withhold immunomodulators or biologics for at least 2 weeks and treated based on both IBD and COVID-19 severity. Prevention of IBD relapse caused by sudden medication interruption is important because negative outcomes associated with disease flare up, such as corticosteroid use or hospitalization, are much riskier than medications. The outpatient clinic and infusion center for biologics need to be reserved safe spaces, and endoscopy or surgery should be considered in urgent cases only.

Citations

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Yoo Jin Lee, Sang Gyu Kwak, Eun Soo Kim, Sung Kook Kim, Hyun Seok Lee, Yun Jin Chung, Byung Ik Jang, Kyeong Ok Kim, Jeongseok Kim, Hyeong Ho Jo, Eun Young Kim
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Worsened Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease? A Longitudinal Disease Activity-Controlled Study
Ilenia Rosa, Chiara Conti, Luigia Zito, Konstantinos Efthymakis, Matteo Neri, Piero Porcelli
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(2): 1103. CrossRef
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Shailesh Perdalkar, Pooja Basthi Mohan, Balaji Musunuri, Siddheesh Rajpurohit, Shiran Shetty, Krishnamurthy Bhat, Cannanore Ganesh Pai
International Immunopharmacology.2023; 116: 109597. CrossRef
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pediatric patients with autoimmune disorders
Parniyan Sadeghi, Parmida Sadat Pezeshki, Nima Rezaei
European Journal of Pediatrics.2023; 182(7): 2967. CrossRef
Perceptions and Behaviors of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease during the COVID-19 Crisis
Yoo Jin Lee, Kyeong Ok Kim, Min Cheol Kim, Kwang Bum Cho, Kyung Sik Park, Byeong Ik Jang
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(1): 81. CrossRef
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease: expert consensus statement by KASID
Yoo Jin Lee, Seong-Eun Kim, Yong Eun Park, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Jae Gon Lee, Hee Chan Yang, Miyoung Choi, Seung-Jae Myung
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(2): 171. CrossRef
Risks of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Immune Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Evidence
Susanna Esposito, Caterina Caminiti, Rosanna Giordano, Alberto Argentiero, Greta Ramundo, Nicola Principi
Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Update on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: what clinicians need to know
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review
Ahmad Hormati, Alireza Arezoumand, Hadi Dokhanchi, Mehdi Pezeshgi Modarres, Sajjad Ahmadpour
Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases.2022; 14(2): 155. CrossRef
Inefficient Induction of Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy after Receiving a Third mRNA Vaccine Dose
Paola López-Marte, Alondra Soto-González, Lizzie Ramos-Tollinchi, Stephan Torres-Jorge, Mariana Ferre, Esteban Rodríguez-Martinó, Esther A. Torres, Carlos A. Sariol
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The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(2): 117. CrossRef
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Original Article

IBD

Clinical presentation of COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Anupam K. Singh, Anuraag Jena, Praveen Kumar-M, Daya Krishna Jha, Vishal Sharma; Intest Res 2022;20(1):134-143. Published online January 18, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00108

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background/Aims
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is recognized to have variable clinical manifestations. The clinical presentation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) having COVID-19 is unclear.
Methods
We identified articles reporting about the clinical presentation of COVID-19 in those with underlying IBD from PubMed and Embase. The studies, irrespective of design or language, were included. The overall pooled frequency of various symptoms was estimated. Joanna Briggs Institute Critical appraisal checklist was used to assess the quality of studies.
Results
Eleven studies, including 1,325 patients, were included in the pooled analysis. The pooled estimates for clinical presentation were; fever: 67.53% (95% confidence interval [CI], 45.38–83.88), cough: 59.58% (95% CI, 45.01–72.63), diarrhea: 27.26% (95% CI, 19.51–36.69), running nose: 27% (95% CI, 15.26–43.19) and dyspnea: 25.29% (95% CI, 18.52–33.52). The pooled prevalence rates for abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting were 13.08% (95% CI, 9.24–18.19), 10.08% (95% CI, 5.84–16.85) and 8.80% (95% CI, 4.43–16.70) per 100 population, respectively.
Conclusions
The clinical presentation of COVID-19 in IBD patients is similar to the general population.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Deficient SARS-CoV-2 hybrid immunity during inflammatory bowel disease
Amin Alirezaylavasani, Ingrid Marie Egner, Børresdatter Dahl, Adity Chopra, Taissa de Matos Kasahara, Guro Løvik Goll, Jørgen Jahnsen, Gunnveig Grødeland, John Torgils Vaage, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, Jan Cato Holter, Bente Halvorsen, Kristin Kaasen Jørgens
Clinical Immunology.2025; 271: 110404. CrossRef
Small Bowel Diverticulosis and COVID-19: Awareness Is the Key: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Petros Bangeas, Nikolaos Konstantinidis, Tania Chrisopoulou, Despoina Karatzia, Alexandros Giakoustidis, Vasileios Papadopoulos
Medicina.2024; 60(2): 229. CrossRef
Exacerbated gastrointestinal symptoms and long COVID in IBD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multi-center study from taiwan
Tsung-Yu Tsai, Jia-Feng Wu, Meng-Tzu Weng, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Tien-Yu Huang, Wei-Chen Tai, Chi-Ming Tai, Chen-Shuan Chung, Chih-Cheng Chen, Ching-Pin Lin, Yuan-Yao Tsai, Shu-Chen Wei
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.2024; 123(8): 866. CrossRef
COVID-19 IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: SHOULD WE BE MORE CAREFUL WITH THE USE OF SALICYLATES?
Mariana Rolim Fernandes MACEDO, Carlos Arthur Fernandes SOBREIRA, Carola Braz de LAVOR, Camila Ribeiro RÔLA, Ticiana Maria de Lavor ROLIM, Francisco Sérgio Rangel de Paula PESSOA, Milena Santana GIRÃO, Caio César Furtado FREIRE, Ranna Caroline Bezerra SIE
Arquivos de Gastroenterologia.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of preexisting digestive problems on the gastrointestinal symptoms of patients with omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Xinghuang Liu, Bayasgalan Luvsandagva, Dongke Wang, Siran Zhu, Zhiyue Xu, Dan Zhou, Xiaotian Xie, Wei Qian, Xiaohua Hou, Tao Bai, Dong Keon Yon
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(10): e0312545. CrossRef
Diarrhea and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection
David M. Friedel, Mitchell S. Cappell
Gastroenterology Clinics of North America.2023; 52(1): 59. CrossRef
Managing IBD in the COVID-19 era
Nicholas Scalzo, Ryan C. Ungaro
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of COVID-19 in individuals with and without pre-existent digestive disorders with a particular focus on elderly patients
Alfredo Papa, Marcello Covino, Sara Sofia De Lucia, Angelo Del Gaudio, Marcello Fiorani, Giorgia Polito, Carlo Romano Settanni, Andrea Piccioni, Francesco Franceschi, Antonio Gasbarrini
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 29(26): 4099. CrossRef
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Giulia Concas, Michele Barone, Ruggiero Francavilla, Fernanda Cristofori, Vanessa Nadia Dargenio, Rossella Giorgio, Costantino Dargenio, Vassilios Fanos, Maria Antonietta Marcialis
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2022; 67(7): 2771. CrossRef
Perceptions and Behaviors of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease during the COVID-19 Crisis
Yoo Jin Lee, Kyeong Ok Kim, Min Cheol Kim, Kwang Bum Cho, Kyung Sik Park, Byeong Ik Jang
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(1): 81. CrossRef
Recent advances in clinical practice: management of inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 pandemic
Simeng Lin, Louis HS Lau, Neil Chanchlani, Nicholas A Kennedy, Siew C Ng
Gut.2022; 71(7): 1426. CrossRef
Vaccination strategies for Korean patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Yoo Jin Lee, Eun Soo Kim
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2022; 37(5): 920. CrossRef
Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases guidance for clinical practice of adult inflammatory bowel disease during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: expert consensus statements
Yong Eun Park, Yoo Jin Lee, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Jae Gon Lee, Hee Chan Yang, Miyoung Choi, Seong-Eun Kim, Seung-Jae Myung
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(4): 431. CrossRef
Endoscopy within 7 days after detecting high calprotectin levels can be useful for therapeutic decision-making in ulcerative colitis
Ho Min Yong, Sung-Jo Park, Seong Ran Jeon, Heesu Park, Hyun Gun Kim, Tae Hee Lee, Junseok Park, Jin-Oh Kim, Joon Seong Lee, Bong Min Ko, Hyeon Jeong Goong, Suyeon Park
Medicine.2021; 100(34): e27065. CrossRef
KASID Guidance for Clinical Practice Management of Adult Inflammatory Bowel Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Expert Consensus Statement
Yong Eun Park, Yoo Jin Lee, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Jae Gon Lee, Hee Chan Yang, Miyoung Choi, Seong-Eun Kim, Seung-Jae Myung
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(2): 105. CrossRef
The natural history of COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide study by the Hellenic Society for the study of IBD
Giorgos Bamias, Georgios Kokkotis, Angeliki Christidou, Dimitrios K. Christodoulou, Vasileios Delis, Georgia Diamantopoulou, Smaragdi Fessatou, Anthia Gatopoulou, Olga Giouleme, Panagiota Kafritsa, Chrisostomos Kalantzis, Andreas Kapsoritakis, Pantelis Ka
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2021; 33(1S): e810. CrossRef

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Review

Infection

An overview of the gut side of the SARS-CoV-2 infection: Bruna Barbosa da Luz, Natalia Mulinari Turin de Oliveira, Isabella Wzorek França dos Santos, Luana Zampieron Paza, Lara Luisa Valerio de Mello Braga, Fernanda da Silva Platner, Maria Fernanda de Paula Werner, Elizabeth Soares Fernandes, Daniele Maria-Ferreira; Intest Res 2021;19(4):379-385. Published online November 6, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00087

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

In late 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiated in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. The major clinical symptoms described for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) include respiratory distress and pneumonia in severe cases, and some patients may experience gastrointestinal impairments. In accordance, viral RNA or live infectious virus have been detected in feces of patients with COVID-19. Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to the angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a vital pathway for the virus entry into human cells, including those of the respiratory mucosa, esophageal epithelium as well as the absorptive enterocytes from ileum and colon. The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor may decrease the receptor expression and disrupt the function of B⁰AT1 transporter influencing the diarrhea observed in COVID-19 patients. In this context, a fecal-oral transmission route has been considered and points out a role for the digestive tract in disease transmission and severity. Here, in order to further understand the impact of COVID-19 in human physiology, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity are discussed in the context of gastrointestinal disturbances.

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Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Diosmectite inhibits the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and human enterocytes by trapping viral particles, thereby preventing NF-kappaB activation and CXCL10 secretion
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