Intestinal Research

Original Articles

Exploring the link between celiac disease and obesity: a potential role of gut microbiome: Sunaina Addanki, Anastasia Mashukova, Arkene Levy; Received April 3, 2024 Accepted August 22, 2024 Published online November 8, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2024.00049 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background/Aims
In today’s age, celiac disease (CD) is no longer solely characterized by chronic diarrhea in a malnourished child. Obesity is gradually being acknowledged as part of CD’s clinical course. Both conditions have been linked to alterations of gut microbiome. Given the difficulty of strict gluten-free diet adherence, there is a need for less restrictive adjunctive therapies. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of obesity in patients diagnosed with CD with the goal of developing new therapeutic approaches.
Methods
Baseline data from the National Institute of Health’s All of Us Research Program, was used to evaluate the relationship between CD and obesity. A retrospective cohort study was conducted where groups of individuals with CD and without CD were matched by age range and health surveys. Statistical analysis with odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.
Results
The prevalence of obesity was 32.6% in the CD group compared to 18.4% in the control group (OR, 2.111; 95% CI, 1.914–2.328; P< 0.0001). Women accounted for a greater population of patients with CD and obesity. The largest percentage of patients with CD and obesity were older than 65 years. The highest percentage of individuals in both the experimental and control groups were white, followed by African Americans.
Conclusions
Our data shows a significant association between CD and increased prevalence of obesity. These results warrant further investigation into microbial changes and dietary exposures that affect the pathogenesis of both diseases.

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IBD

Improvement of ulcerative colitis control by searching and restricting of inflammatory trigger factors in daily clinical practice: Kun-Yu Tsai, Jeng-Fu You, Tzong-Yun Tsai, Yih Jong Chern, Yu-Jen Hsu, Shu-Huan Huang, Wen-Sy Tsai; Intest Res 2023;21(1):100-109. Published online November 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2021.00110

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background/Aims
Exacerbating factors of ulcerative colitis (UC) are multiple and complex with individual influence. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of disease control by searching and restricting inflammation trigger factors of UC relapse individually in daily clinical practice.
Methods
Both patients with UC history or new diagnosis were asked to avoid dairy products at first doctor visit. Individual-reported potential trigger factors were restricted when UC flared up (Mayo endoscopy score ≥1) from remission status. The remission rate, duration to remission and medication were analyzed between the groups of factor restriction complete, incomplete and unknown.
Results
The total remission rate was 91.7% of 108 patients with complete restriction of dairy product. The duration to remission of UC history group was significantly longer than that of new diagnosis group (88.5 days vs. 43.4 days, P=0.006) in patients with initial endoscopic score 2–3, but no difference in patients with score 1. After first remission, the inflammation trigger factors in 161 relapse episodes of 72 patients were multiple and personal. Milk/dairy products, herb medicine/Chinese tonic food and dietary supplement were the common factors, followed by psychological issues, non-dietary factors (smoking cessation, cosmetic products) and discontinuation of medication by patients themselves. Factor unknown accounted for 14.1% of patients. The benefits of factor complete restriction included shorter duration to remission (P<0.001), less steroid and biological agent use (P=0.022) when compared to incomplete restriction or factor unknown group.
Conclusions
Restriction of dairy diet first then searching and restricting trigger factors personally if UC relapse can improve the disease control and downgrade the medication usage of UC patients in daily clinical practice.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comments on Oral Sulfate Solution Is as Effective as Polyethylene Glycol with Ascorbic Acid in a Split Method for Bowel Preparation in Patients with Inactive Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized, Multicenter, and Single-Blind Clinical Trial
Ji Eun Kim
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(1): 192. CrossRef
Dietary behaviour, attitude and food perceptions of patients with ulcerative colitis – An observational study
Nancy Sahni, Urvashi Rana, Sindhuja Rajan, Anuraag Jena, Anupam K Singh, Usha Dutta, Vishal Sharma
Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.2024; 54(3): 212. CrossRef
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Dairy Products
Anatoly I. Khavkin, Natalia М. Bogdanova, Andrew V. Nalyotov, Maria A. Matsynina, Maria I. Erokhina
Pediatric pharmacology.2024; 21(5): 455. CrossRef

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Review

IBD

Anti-inflammatory diet and inflammatory bowel disease: what clinicians and patients should know?: Nor Hamizah Shafiee, Zahara Abdul Manaf, Norfilza M. Mokhtar, Raja Affendi Raja Ali; Intest Res 2021;19(2):171-185. Published online February 3, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00035

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Current treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes the application of anti-inflammatory agents for the induction and remission of IBD. However, prolonged use of anti-inflammatory agents can exert adverse effects on patients. Recently, formulated dietary approach in treating IBD patients is utilized to improve clinical activity scores. An alteration of gastrointestinal microbiota through dietary therapy was found to reduce IBD and is recognized as a promising therapeutic strategy for IBD. One of the recommended formulated diets is an anti-inflammatory diet (AID) that restricts the intake of carbohydrates with modified fatty acids. This diet also contains probiotics and prebiotics that can promote balanced intestinal microbiota composition. However, scientific evidences are limited to support this specific dietary regime in maintaining the remission and prevention relapse of IBD. Therefore, this review aimed to summarize available data from various studies to evaluate the AID diet effectiveness which will be useful for clinicians to manage their IBD patients by application of improved dietary therapy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Diet and Nutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review of the Literature
Scott Manski, Nicholas Noverati, Tatiana Policarpo, Emily Rubin, Raina Shivashankar
Crohn's & Colitis 360.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Adverse Food Reactions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: State of the Art and Future Perspectives
Ivan Capobianco, Federica Di Vincenzo, Pierluigi Puca, Guia Becherucci, Maria Chiara Mentella, Valentina Petito, Franco Scaldaferri
Nutrients.2024; 16(3): 351. CrossRef
Nutritional Profile, Disease Severity, and Quality of Life of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case–Control Study
Lea N. Sayegh, Firas Haddad, Layane Bou Jaoude, Nicole Fakhoury-Sayegh, Gessica N. H. A. Heraoui, Zainab Nasrallah, Charbel Chidiac, Rashad Nawfal, Fadi F. Francis, Fadi H. Mourad, Jana G. Hashash
Nutrients.2024; 16(12): 1826. CrossRef
Dietary Profile of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Clinical Remission—A Preliminary Study
Raquel Susana Torrinhas, Ilanna Marques Gomes da Rocha, Danielle Cristina Fonseca, Helena Menezes, Ana Paula Prudêncio, Bianca Depieri Balmant, Letícia Callado, Adérson Omar Mourão Cintra Damião, Natalia Queiroz, Dan L. Waitzberg
Nutrients.2024; 16(14): 2227. CrossRef
Mixed-method Irish study exploring the role of diet in IBD based on an online questionnaire and a patient panel opinion
Naomi Hanrahan, Victoria Spillane, Kevin Moore, Mick Dineen, Aoife Murphy, Ana Velikonja, Margot Hurley, Majella O’Keeffe, Silvia Melgar
BMJ Open Gastroenterology.2024; 11(1): e001251. CrossRef
Medicinal Herbs for the Treatment of Peptic Ulcers
Divyansh Tiwari, Aftab Alam, Shivang Dhoundiyal, Shaweta Sharma, Shikha Yadav
Current Traditional Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison and recommendation of dietary patterns based on nutrients for Eastern and Western patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Yue Hou, Sai-Feng Wang, Ke Zhou, Shi-Xue Dai
Frontiers in Nutrition.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Association of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases with depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes: A nationwide population-based study
Oh Chan Kwon, Yuna Kim, Jaeyoung Chun, Kyungdo Han, Min-Chan Park, Ryul Kim, Jie-Hyun Kim, Young Hoon Youn, Hyojin Park
Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The importance of anti-inflammatory diet in depression: a literature review and recommendations
Zuzanna Joanna Wingralek, Paweł Miś, Hubert Wróblewski, Aleksandra Zimna, Joanna Rog
Current Problems of Psychiatry.2023; 24: 134. CrossRef
Mobile-based program improves healthy eating of ulcerative colitis patients: A pilot study
Wenjing Tu, Shuxia Yan, Tingting Yin, Sumin Zhang, Wenjing Xu, Ping Zhang, Guihua Xu
DIGITAL HEALTH.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A Specific Carbohydrate Diet Virtual Teaching Kitchen Curriculum Promotes Knowledge and Confidence in Caregivers of Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Nancy Rivera, Kaylie Nguyen, Venus Kalami, Feifei Qin, Maya B. Mathur, Rebecca Blankenburg, Ann Ming Yeh
Nutrients.2023; 15(18): 3999. CrossRef
Abdominal Pain in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Evidence-Based, Multidisciplinary Review
Matthew D Coates, Kofi Clarke, Emmanuelle Williams, Nimalan Jeganathan, Sanjay Yadav, David Giampetro, Vitaly Gordin, Sadie Smith, Kent Vrana, Anne Bobb, Thu Thi Gazzio, Heather Tressler, Shannon Dalessio
Crohn's & Colitis 360.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Lupeol Esters from the Edible Tubers of American Groundnut (Apios americana)
Alec P. Brundle, Nanea K. Perkins, Mackenzie J. Perpetua, Natalie C. Stagnitti, Emily J. Schafer, Kristopher J. Kolonko, Stephen T. Deyrup
ACS Food Science & Technology.2023; 3(12): 2250. CrossRef
Gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: a target for therapy not to be missed
Tiziana LARUSSA, Ludovico ABENAVOLI, Giulia FABIANO, Maria A. MANCUSO, Natale POLIMENI, Dan L. DUMITRASCU, Francesco LUZZA
Minerva Gastroenterology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Screening and Evaluation of Probiotics for Reducing Intestinal Inflammation
雅君陈
Hans Journal of Food and Nutrition Science.2022; 11(01): 44. CrossRef
Inflammatory bowel disease in Korea: epidemiology and pathophysiology
Jung Won Lee, Chang Soo Eun
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2022; 37(5): 885. CrossRef
Egg white hydrolysate from simulated gastrointestinal digestion alleviates the inflammation and improves the nutritional status in TNBS-induced Crohn’s disease rats
Tianliang Wu, Juanrui Li, Wei Wang, Chenxi Xu, Liying Wang, Long Ding
Journal of Functional Foods.2022; 98: 105288. CrossRef
Development and Validation of a Smartphone Application for Telenutrition in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Arti Gupta, Namrata Singh, Divya Madan, Mariyam Farooqui, Neha Singh, David Mathew Thomas, Bhaskar Kante, Mukesh Singh, Shubi Virmani, Mehak Verma, Aditya Bajaj, Manasvini Markandey, Peeyush Kumar, Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru, Pabitra Sahu, Nitika Monga, Govind
Diagnostics.2022; 12(10): 2482. CrossRef
Budesonide and the Gluten Containing Elimination Diet as Treatments for Non‐responsive Celiac Disease in Children
Awab Ali Ibrahim, Victoria Kenyon, Alessio Fasano, Maureen M. Leonard
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2022; 75(5): 616. CrossRef
Dietary Considerations for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are Useful for Treatment of Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis
Aditi Saha, Isabella Dreyfuss, Humaira Sarfraz, Mark Friedman, Joseph Markowitz
Cancers.2022; 15(1): 84. CrossRef
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Is There a Role for Nutritional Suggestions?
Lorenzo Bertani, Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone, Massimo Bellini, Maria Gloria Mumolo, Francesco Costa
Nutrients.2021; 13(4): 1387. CrossRef
Anti-inflammatory properties of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 in a murine colitis model
Jihye Park, Da Hye Kim, Soochan Kim, Hyun Woo Ma, I Seul Park, Mijeong Son, Ji Hyung Kim, Yoojin Shin, Seung Won Kim, Jae Hee Cheon
Intestinal Research.2021; 19(4): 478. CrossRef

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Original Articles

IBD

The dietary practices and beliefs of British South Asian people living with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter study from the United Kingdom: Benjamin Crooks, Ravi Misra, Naila Arebi, Klaartje Kok, Matthew J. Brookes, John McLaughlin, Jimmy K. Limdi; Intest Res 2022;20(1):53-63. Published online January 6, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00079

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background/Aims
Epidemiological associations have implicated factors associated with Westernization, including the Western diet, in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The role of diet in IBD etiopathogenesis, disease control and symptom management remains incompletely understood. Few studies have collected data on the dietary habits of immigrant populations living with IBD. Our aim was to describe the dietary practices and beliefs of British South Asians with IBD.
Methods
A 30-item questionnaire was developed and consecutively administered to 255 British South Asians with IBD attending gastroenterology clinics in the United Kingdom.
Results
Fifty-one percent of participants believed diet was the initiating factor for their IBD and 63% felt diet had previously triggered disease relapse. Eighty-nine percent avoided certain dietary items in the belief that this would prevent relapse. The most commonly avoided foods and drinks were spicy and fatty foods, carbonated drinks, milk products, alcohol, coffee, and red meat. A third of patients had tried a whole food exclusion diet, most commonly lactose- or gluten-free, and this was most frequently reported amongst those with clinically active IBD (P= 0.02). Almost 60% of participants avoided eating the same menu as their family, or eating out, at least sometimes, to prevent IBD relapse.
Conclusions
British South Asians with IBD demonstrate significant dietary beliefs and food avoidance behaviors with increased frequency compared to those reported in Caucasian IBD populations. Studies in immigrant populations may offer valuable insights into the interaction between diet, Westernization and cultural drift in IBD pathogenesis and symptomatology.

Citations

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‘Eating is like experiencing a gamble’: A qualitative study exploring the dietary decision‐making process in adults with inflammatory bowel disease
Yin Ting‐Ting, Tu Wen‐Jing, Li Yi‐Ting, Xu Wen‐Jing, Xu Gui‐Hua
Health Expectations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Role of the Trace Element Selenium in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Ruifang Hu, Jinliang Xiao, Lijuan Fan
Biological Trace Element Research.2024; 202(11): 4923. CrossRef
Dietary therapies for adult and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Jessica Deas, Neha D. Shah, Gauree G. Konijeti, Abigail Lundin, Olivia Lanser, Pooja Magavi, Sabina Ali
Nutrition in Clinical Practice.2024; 39(3): 530. CrossRef
Experience of diet in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A thematic synthesis of qualitative studies
Huan Xiong, Xu Zhang, Huiling Zeng, Shanshan Xie, Shuanglian Yi
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2024; 33(8): 3283. CrossRef
Calcium deficiency is associated with malnutrition risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Zihan Yu, Wenxuan Song, Xiangfeng Ren, Jihua Chen, Qinyan Yao, Hang Liu, Xiaoxuan Wang, Jinjie Zhou, Bangmao Wang, Xin Chen
Postgraduate Medicine.2024; 136(4): 456. CrossRef
The role of selenium in the pathogenesis and therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases
Tatyana A. Glazunova, Riana M. Mameeva, Sofia N. Samsonova, Aleksander O. Ryzhov, Aleksey V. Nedilko, Sergey A. Shpenev, Julia E. Khaiminova, Ekaterina S. Ilina, Vasiliy A. Evtushenko-Sigaev, Linara Yu. Ilyasova, Milana Sh. Eloeva, Markha Kh. Ayubova, Kha
HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov.2024; 16(2): 27. CrossRef
Effects of Milk and Dairy on the Risk and Course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease versus Patients’ Dietary Beliefs and Practices: A Systematic Review
Radoslaw Kempinski, Damian Arabasz, Katarzyna Neubauer
Nutrients.2024; 16(15): 2555. CrossRef
Impact of Coffee Consumption on Subjective Perception and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Lidia Neamți, Simona R. Gheorghe, Amalia Ventuneac, Tudor Drugan, Cristina Drugan, Ciprian N. Silaghi, Lidia Ciobanu, Alexandra M. Crăciun
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Dietary behaviour, attitude and food perceptions of patients with ulcerative colitis – An observational study
Nancy Sahni, Urvashi Rana, Sindhuja Rajan, Anuraag Jena, Anupam K Singh, Usha Dutta, Vishal Sharma
Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.2024; 54(3): 212. CrossRef
Association of Waist Circumference with the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a Nationwide Cohort Study of 10 Million Individuals in Korea
Yeonjin Je, Kyungdo Han, Jaeyoung Chun, Yuna Kim, Jie-Hyun Kim, Young Hoon Youn, Hyojin Park, Jong Pil Im, Joo Sung Kim
Journal of Crohn's and Colitis.2023; 17(5): 681. CrossRef
The Bidirectional Link between Nutritional Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Dietary Deficits, Habits, and Recommended Interventions—A Narrative Review
Ilaria Saracino, Enzo Spisni, Veronica Imbesi, Chiara Ricci, Nikolas Dussias, Patrizia Alvisi, Paolo Gionchetti, Fernando Rizzello, Maria Valerii
Foods.2023; 12(10): 1987. CrossRef
Rising Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in South Asian Children in New Zealand—A Retrospective Population-Based Study
Vivek Rajasekaran, Helen M. Evans, Amy Andrews, Jonathan R. Bishop, Robert N. Lopez, Stephen Mouat, Dug Yeo Han, Jane Alsweiler, Amin J. Roberts
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition.2023; 76(6): 749. CrossRef
Selected Aspects of Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Paulina Panufnik, Martyna Więcek, Magdalena Kaniewska, Konrad Lewandowski, Paulina Szwarc, Grażyna Rydzewska
Nutrients.2022; 14(23): 4965. CrossRef
Experiences of ethnic minority patients who are living with a primary chronic bowel condition: a systematic scoping review with narrative synthesis
Salina Ahmed, Paul D. Newton, Omorogieva Ojo, Lesley Dibley
BMC Gastroenterology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Emerging Comorbidities in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Eating Disorders, Alcohol and Narcotics Misuse
Paweł Kuźnicki, Katarzyna Neubauer
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(19): 4623. CrossRef
The dietary practices and beliefs of people living with older-onset inflammatory bowel disease
Benjamin Crooks, Ravi Misra, Naila Arebi, Klaartje Kok, Matthew J. Brookes, John McLaughlin, Jimmy K. Limdi
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2021; 33(1S): e442. CrossRef

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Inflammatory bowel diseases

An assessment of dietary intake, food avoidance and food beliefs in patients with ulcerative colitis of different disease status: Nor Hamizah Shafiee, Zahara Abdul Manaf, Norfilza M. Mokhtar, Raja Affendi Raja Ali; Intest Res 2020;18(4):447-458. Published online June 2, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.00042

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background/Aims
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, relapsing and remitting inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Little is known about the link between dietary intake, food avoidance, and beliefs among UC patients of different disease severity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the dietary intake, food avoidance, and beliefs among active and inactive UC patients.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among UC patients from a tertiary medical center in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Demographic, anthropometric, dietary intake, food avoidance and beliefs were assessed. Disease activity of UC patients was evaluated using the Powell Tuck Index.
Results
UC patients were recruited (64.1% inactive UC and 35.9% active UC). As compared to inactive UC patients, active UC patients were likely to lose weight (75.0% vs. 0%), possess certain food beliefs (95.7% vs. 39.0%), and frequently practiced dietary avoidance (95.7% vs. 43.9%). The dietary intake among inactive UC patients was higher than active UC patients. However, neither of them met the standard nutrients recommendation for protein, calcium, iron, folate, zinc, vitamin D, vitamin B₁₂, and vitamin E.
Conclusions
Active UC patients had poorer dietary intake, were more prone to practicing food avoidance and exhibited certain food beliefs as compared to inactive UC patients. Both macro- and micronutrients intakes were inadequate regardless of patient’s disease status. These findings emphasized the importance for patients to be provided with the nutrition-related knowledge as part of strategies to avoid nutritional inadequacies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Analysis of the Nutritional Value of Diets and Food Choices in Polish Female Ulcerative Colitis Individuals Compared with a Pair-Matched Control Sample
Dominika Głąbska, Dominika Guzek, Gustaw Lech
Nutrients.2023; 15(4): 857. CrossRef
Mobile-based program improves healthy eating of ulcerative colitis patients: A pilot study
Wenjing Tu, Shuxia Yan, Tingting Yin, Sumin Zhang, Wenjing Xu, Ping Zhang, Guihua Xu
DIGITAL HEALTH.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Self‐reported flares among people living with inflammatory bowel disease are associated with stress and worry but not associated with recent diet changes: The Manitoba Living with IBD Study
Kathy Vagianos, Leigh Anne Shafer, Kelcie Witges, Lesley A. Graff, Laura E. Targownik, Charles N. Bernstein
Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.2022; 46(7): 1686. CrossRef
Evaluation of nutritional status using bioelectrical impedance analysis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Seung Hyuk Kim, You Sun Kim, Si Hyeong Lee, Hyun Mi Lee, Won Eui Yoon, Seo Hyun Kim, Hee Jun Myung, Jeong Seop Moon
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(3): 321. CrossRef
Dietary beliefs and information resources of ulcerative colitis patients in clinical remission: A cross-sectional survey in Taiwan
Cheng-Tzu Hsieh, Meng-Tzu Weng, Chien-Chih Tung, Nai-Chia Chen, Hui-Chuen Chen, Kuo-Liong Chien, Shu-Chen Wei
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN.2022; 51: 430. CrossRef
Micronutrient deficiency among patients with ulcerative colitis
Amany Hussien, Sawsan Abd El-Moniem, Ziyad Tawhid, Ahmed Altonbary
The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

6,688 View
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Miscellaneous

Vegetarianism as a protective factor for asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis in Asians: a retrospective cross-sectional and case-control study: Jihun Bong, Hyoun Woo Kang, Hyeki Cho, Ji Hyung Nam, Dong Kee Jang, Jae Hak Kim, Jun Kyu Lee, Yun Jeong Lim, Moon-Soo Koh, Jin Ho Lee; Intest Res 2020;18(1):121-129. Published online November 1, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.00106

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background/Aims
Dietary fiber intake is considered a protective factor for diverticular disease such as diverticulitis. However, evidence for an inverse connection between dietary fiber consumption and asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis is lacking. Specifically, few studies have investigated this subject in Asians with different presentations of diverticulosis. Therefore, we assessed the protective effects of a vegetarian diet for asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis in Buddhist monks who are obligatory vegetarians for spiritual reasons compared with the general population.
Methods
A retrospective, cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted in age- and sex-matched Buddhist monks and the general population who underwent colonoscopy for screening at a Korean health promotion center from August 2005 to June 2018. We compared the prevalence of asymptomatic diverticulosis between the 2 groups using a self-administered questionnaire.
Results
In this study, a total of 1,316 individuals were included (Buddhist monks of 658 and general population of 658) with a mean age of 52.6±9.5 years. The prevalence of asymptomatic diverticulosis in Buddhist monks was lower compared with the general population (6.7% [44/658] vs. 10.8% [71/658], P=0.008). Buddhist monks had a higher rate of high body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome. By a multivariate regression analysis model, a nonvegetarian diet (odds ratio [OR], 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–2.72, P=0.004), old age (OR, 4.53; 95% CI, 1.36–15.12; P=0.014), male sex (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.28–2.85; P=0.002), and a high BMI (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.01–2.23; P=0.047) were independent predictors of asymptomatic diverticulosis. Moreover, a nonvegetarian diet was associated with both right-sided and left-sided diverticulosis.
Conclusions
A nonvegetarian diet may increase a risk of asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis in Asians.

Citations

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Association of Metabolic Syndrome Components and Colonic Diverticulosis in the Very Elderly: A Tertiary Health Network Study
Hammad Liaquat, Farah Harmouch, Nishit Patel, Zarian Prenatt, Jill Stoltzfus, Berhanu Geme, Noel Martins, Kimberly Chaput
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Not all acute colonic diverticulitis follows the same course: a potential risk for immunocompromised individuals
Yehyun Park
Intestinal Research.2023; 21(4): 415. CrossRef
Age, alcohol, sex, and metabolic factors as risk factors for colonic diverticulosis
Ye Yan, Jian-Sheng Wu, Shuang Pan
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2022; 10(1): 136. CrossRef
Diagnosis and Treatment of Colonic Diverticular Disease
You Sun Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 79(6): 233. CrossRef
The prevalence of right‐sided colonic diverticulosis in a New Zealand population
Greg A. Turner, Michael J. O'Grady, Sajith C. Senadeera, Chris J. Wakeman, Andrew McCombie, Rachel V. Purcell, Frank A. Frizelle
ANZ Journal of Surgery.2021; 91(10): 2110. CrossRef
The Epidemiology and Etiology of Right-Sided Colonic Diverticulosis: A Review
Greg A. Turner, Michael J. O’Grady, Rachel V. Purcell, Frank A. Frizelle
Annals of Coloproctology.2021; 37(4): 196. CrossRef

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Focused Review

Microbiota

Importance of nutritional therapy in the management of intestinal diseases: beyond energy and nutrient supply: Seong-Eun Kim; Intest Res 2019;17(4):443-454. Published online September 4, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.00075

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The gut is an immune-microbiome-epithelial complex. Gut microbiome-host interactions have widespread biological implications, and the role of this complex system extends beyond the digestion of food and nutrient absorption. Dietary nutrients can affect this complex and play a key role in determining gut homeostasis to maintain host health. In this article, we review various dietary nutrients and their contribution to the pathogenesis and treatment of various intestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colorectal cancer, and diverticulitis, among other such disorders. A better understanding of diet-host-gut microbiome interactions is essential to provide beneficial nutrients for gut health and to limit nutritional hazards to ensure successful nutritional management of gastrointestinal conditions in clinical practice.

Citations

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Nikishina S.S.
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Kee Wook Jung, Seung-Jae Myung
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Rectal swabs are a reliable method of assessing the colonic microbiome
Greg Turner, Michael O’Grady, Daniel Hudson, Xochitl Morgan, Frank Frizelle, Rachel Purcell
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Shulin Fu, Yuzhen Yuan, Xinyue Tian, Linglu Zhou, Ling Guo, Dan Zhang, Jing He, Chun Peng, Yinsheng Qiu, Chun Ye, Yu Liu, Bingbing Zong
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The Clinical Features of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Patients with Obesity
Seong Kyun Kim, Ho-Su Lee, Beom-Jun Kim, Jin Hwa Park, Sung Wook Hwang, Dong-Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Sang Hyoung Park, Masanao Nakamura
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
EFFECTS OF ADOLESCENTS' NUTRITION ON THEIR QUALITY OF LIFE
Filina I.A., Nikishina S.S., Kulakova A.S.
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Faecal Microbiota Microsphere Contributed to Relieving Gut Barrier Damage in Colitis
Shuang Zhen, Cheng Zhao, Xin Zhao, Wu Ji, Jieshou Li
Macromolecular Research.2020; 28(6): 644. CrossRef
Dysregulation of gut microbiome is linked to disease activity of rheumatic diseases
Yanfeng Bao, Chen Dong, Juan Ji, Zhifeng Gu
Clinical Rheumatology.2020; 39(9): 2523. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Colorectal neoplasia

An analysis of dietary fiber and fecal fiber components including pH in rural Africans with colorectal cancer: Mohammed Faruk, Sani Ibrahim, Ahmed Adamu, Abdulmumini Hassan Rafindadi, Yahaya Ukwenya, Yawale Iliyasu, Abdullahi Adamu, Surajo Mohammed Aminu, Mohammed Sani Shehu, Danladi Amodu Ameh, Abdullahi Mohammed, Saad Aliyu Ahmed, John Idoko, Atara Ntekim, Aishatu Maude Suleiman, Khalid Zahir Shah, Kasimu Umar Adoke; Intest Res 2018;16(1):99-108. Published online January 18, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.16.1.99

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Background/Aims

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is now a major public health problem with heavy morbidity and mortality in rural Africans despite the lingering dietary fiber-rich foodstuffs consumption. Studies have shown that increased intake of dietary fiber which contribute to low fecal pH and also influences the activity of intestinal microbiota, is associated with a lowered risk for CRC. However, whether or not the apparent high dietary fiber consumption by Africans do not longer protects against CRC risk is unknown. This study evaluated dietary fiber intake, fecal fiber components and pH levels in CRC patients.

Methods

Thirty-five subjects (CRC=21, control=14), mean age 45 years were recruited for the study. A truncated food frequency questionnaire and modified Goering and Van Soest procedures were used.

Results

We found that all subjects consumed variety of dietary fiber-rich foodstuffs. There is slight preponderance in consumption of dietary fiber by the control group than the CRC patients. We also found a significant difference in the mean fecal neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin contents from the CRC patients compared to the controls (P<0.05). The CRC patients had significantly more fecal pH level than the matched apparently healthy controls (P=0.017).

Conclusions

The identified differences in the fecal fiber components and stool pH levels between the 2 groups may relate to CRC incidence and mortality in rural Africans. There is crucial need for more hypothesis-driven research with adequate funding on the cumulative preventive role of dietary fiber-rich foodstuffs against colorectal cancer in rural Africans “today.”

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Prevotella enterotype associates with diets supporting acidic faecal pH and production of propionic acid by microbiota
Signe Adamberg, Kaarel Adamberg
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Marguerite L. Samson, Noah C. Peeri, Olusegun Isaac Alatise, Kelli O’Connell, Avinash Sharma, Samson Gbenga Ogunleye, Adewale A. Aderounmu, Olalekan Olasehinde, Akinjide Olurotimi Ogundokun, Abiodun Victor Ikujenlola, Adesegun Fatusi, T. Peter Kingham, Me
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Experimental Capacity of Human Fecal Microbiota to Degrade Fiber and Produce Short-Chain Fatty Acids Is Associated with Diet Quality and Anthropometric Parameters
Anna M. Malinowska, Malgorzata Majcher, Guido JEJ. Hooiveld, Hanna Przydatek, Marta Szaban, Agata Kurowiecka, Marcin Schmidt
The Journal of Nutrition.2023; 153(10): 2827. CrossRef
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Symptomatic improvement with gluten restriction in irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized, double blinded placebo controlled trial: Vinay G Zanwar, Sunil V Pawar, Pravir A Gambhire, Samit S Jain, Ravindra G Surude, Vinaya B Shah, Qais Q Contractor, Pravin M Rathi; Intest Res 2016;14(4):343-350. Published online October 17, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2016.14.4.343

Abstract PDF PubReader

Background/Aims

The existence of non-celiac gluten sensitivity has been debated. Indeed, the intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms of many patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) but without celiac disease or wheat allergy have been shown to improve on a gluten-free diet. Therefore, this study set out to evaluate the effects of gluten on IBS symptoms.

Methods

We performed a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled rechallenge trial in a tertiary care hospital with IBS patients who fulfilled the Rome III criteria. Patients with celiac disease and wheat allergy were appropriately excluded. The participants were administered a gluten-free diet for 4 weeks and were asked to complete a symptom-based questionnaire to assess their overall symptoms, abdominal pain, bloating, wind, and tiredness on the visual analog scale (0-100) at the baseline and every week thereafter. The participants who showed improvement were randomly assigned to one of two groups to receive either a placebo (gluten-free breads) or gluten (whole cereal breads) as a rechallenge for the next 4 weeks.

Results

In line with the protocol analysis, 60 patients completed the study. The overall symptom score on the visual analog scale was significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). Moreover, the patients in the gluten intervention group scored significantly higher in terms of abdominal pain, bloating, and tiredness (P<0.05), and their symptoms worsened within 1 week of the rechallenge.

Conclusions

A gluten diet may worsen the symptoms of IBS patients. Therefore, some form of gluten sensitivity other than celiac disease exists in some of them, and patients with IBS may benefit from gluten restrictions.

Citations

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