Original Articles
- IBD
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Efficacy of serum leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein in predicting findings of Crohn’s disease small bowel lesion in capsule endoscopy
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Teppei Omori, Miki Koroku, Shun Murasugi, Ayumi Ito, Maria Yonezawa, Shinichi Nakamura, Katsutoshi Tokushige
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Intest Res 2024;22(4):464-472. Published online May 7, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2023.00139
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Abstract
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- Background/Aims
Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) is an evaluation method for small bowel (SB) lesions in Crohn’s disease (CD). However, the relationship between SBCE findings and the serological biomarker leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) remains unclear. We aimed to establish appropriate cutoff values of LRG to predict the presence of SB lesions in CD through SBCE.
Methods
Patients with CD with SB lesions who had undergone SBCE and LRG measurements 1 month before and after the SBCE were included. The LRG values for ulcers ≥0.5 cm and other inflammatory lesions noted in SBCE were determined using the Youden Index, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Additionally, the correlation between the SBCE scores (CD Activity in Capsule Endoscopy) and LRG values was evaluated.
Results
Forty patients without active colorectal lesions were included in the study. When the cutoff value of LRG for SB ulcers ≥ 0.5 cm was set at 14 μg/mL, the sensitivity was 92.3%, specificity was 81.5%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 70.6%, and negative predictive value (NPV) was 95.7%. In contrast, an LRG cutoff value of 12 μg/mL without inflammatory findings had a sensitivity of 91.7%, specificity of 82.1%, PPV of 68.8%, and NPV of 95.8%. CD Activity in Capsule Endoscopy correlated well with LRG values (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient ρ = 0.681, P< 0.001).
Conclusions
An LRG cutoff value of 14 μg/mL may be useful in predicting the presence of SB ulcers ≥ 0.5 cm, and an LRG cutoff value of 12 μg/mL may be useful in predicting the absence of SB inflammatory findings.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein as a superior biomarker to C-reactive protein for detecting small bowel lesions in Crohn’s disease
Masashi Ohno, Atsushi Nishida, Akinori Otsuki, Yoshihiro Yokota, Takayuki Imai, Shigeki Bamba, Osamu Inatomi
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
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Efficacy and tolerability of exclusive enteral nutrition in adult patients with complicated Crohn’s disease
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Sanchit Sharma, Arti Gupta, Saurabh Kedia, Samagra Agarwal, Namrata Singh, Sandeep Goyal, Saransh Jain, Vipin Gupta, Pabitra Sahu, Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru, Bhaskar Kante, Raju Sharma, Rajesh Panwar, Peush Sahni, Govind Makharia, Vineet Ahuja
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Intest Res 2021;19(3):291-300. Published online May 26, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.09172
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Abstract
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- Background/Aims
Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN), an established modality for pediatric Crohn’s disease (CD) is seldomly utilized in adults. The present study reports the outcome of EEN in adult CD patients at a tertiary care hospital in India.
Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of CD patients who received EEN as a sole modality/adjunct to other treatment. The primary and secondary outcomes changed in Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and clinical response (decline in CDAI > 70), respectively, at 4 and 8 weeks. Subgroup analysis evaluated response across different phenotypes, EEN formulations and prior treatment. Linear mixed effect model was created to assess the predictors of EEN response.
Results
Thirty-one CD patients received EEN over median duration of 4 weeks (range, 2–6 weeks). CDAI showed a significant improvement post EEN at 4 (baseline 290 [260–320] vs. 240 [180–280], P= 0.001) and 8 weeks (baseline 290 [260–320] vs. 186 [160–240], P= 0.001), respectively. The cumulative clinical response rates at 4 and 8 weeks were 37.3% and 80.4% respectively. The clinical response rates at 8 weeks across B1 (n = 4), B2 (n = 18) and B3 (n = 9) phenotypes were 50%, 78.8% and 100% respectively (log-rank test, P= 0.093). The response rates at 8 weeks with polymeric (n = 8) and semi-elemental diet (n = 23) were 75% and 82.6%% respectively (log-rank test, P= 0.49). Baseline CDAI (odds ratio, 1.008; 95% confidence interval, 1.002–1.017; P= 0.046) predicted response to EEN.
Conclusions
EEN was effective in inducing clinical response across different phenotypes of CD. Baseline disease activity remained the most important predictor of clinical response to EEN.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Adjunct polymeric exclusive enteral nutrition helps achieve biochemical remission in active Crohn’s disease in adults irrespective of disease location and concomitant corticosteroid use
Hellen Kuo, Katrina Tognolini, Rumbidzai Mutsekwa, Dheeraj Shukla, Laura Willmann, Hadi Moattar, Alexander Dorrington, Naveed Ishaq, Maneesha Bhullar, John Edwards, Waled Mohsen, Pradeep Kakkadasam Ramaswamy
Frontline Gastroenterology.2025; 16(1): 3. CrossRef - Inflammatory bowel disease in south Asia: a scoping review
Shabari Shenoy, Anuraag Jena, Carrie Levinson, Vishal Sharma, Parakkal Deepak, Tina Aswani-Omprakash, Shaji Sebastian, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Manasi Agrawal
The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2025; 10(3): 259. CrossRef - Progress and Clinical Applications of Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet in Crohn’s Disease
Duo Xu, Ziheng Peng, Yong Li, Qian Hou, Yu Peng, Xiaowei Liu
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(3): 404. CrossRef - Aktualisierte S3-Leitlinie „Diagnostik und Therapie des Morbus Crohn“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) (Version 4.1) – living guideline
Andreas Sturm, Raja Atreya, Dominik Bettenworth, Bernd Bokemeyer, Axel Dignass, Robert Ehehalt, Christoph-Thomas Germer, P. C. Grunert, Ulf Helwig, Karoline Horisberger, Klaus Herrlinger, Peter Kienle, Torsten Kucharzik, Jost Langhorst, Christian Maaser,
Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie.2024; 62(08): 1229. CrossRef - Refractory Crohn’s Disease: Perspectives, Unmet Needs and Innovations
Luisa Bertin, Martina Crepaldi, Miriana Zanconato, Greta Lorenzon, Daria Maniero, Caterina De Barba, Erica Bonazzi, Sonia Facchin, Marco Scarpa, Cesare Ruffolo, Imerio Angriman, Andrea Buda, Fabiana Zingone, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino, Brigida Barberio
Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology.2024; Volume 17: 261. CrossRef - Use of oral diet and nutrition support in management of stricturing and fistulizing Crohn's disease
Kush Fansiwala, Neha D. Shah, Kelly A. McNulty, Mary R. Kwaan, Berkeley N. Limketkai
Nutrition in Clinical Practice.2023; 38(6): 1282. CrossRef - Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Orchestrates Immunological Balances as Early as Week 4 in Adult Patients of Crohn’s Disease: A Pilot, Open-Lable Study
Na Diao, Xinyu Liu, Minzhi Lin, Qingfan Yang, Bingyang Li, Jian Tang, Ni Ding, Xiang Gao, Kang Chao
Nutrients.2023; 15(24): 5091. CrossRef - Exclusive enteral nutrition with oral polymeric diet helps in inducing clinical and biochemical remission in adults with active Crohn's disease
Pradeep Kakkadasam Ramaswamy
Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.2022; 46(2): 423. CrossRef - Is the frequency of dietitian support associated with greater clinical improvements in adults with Crohn's disease undertaking exclusive enteral nutrition?
Liz Purcell, Rumbidzai Mutsekwa, Rebecca Angus, Dheeraj Shukla, Michelle Palmer
Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics.2022; 35(3): 435. CrossRef - Aktualisierte S3-Leitlinie „Diagnostik und Therapie des Morbus Crohn“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) – August 2021 – AWMF-Registernummer: 021-004
Andreas Sturm, Raja Atreya, Dominik Bettenworth, Bernd Bokemeyer, Axel Dignaß, Robert Ehehalt, Christoph Germer, Philip C. Grunert, Ulf Helwig, Klaus Herrlinger, Peter Kienle, Martin E. Kreis, Torsten Kucharzik, Jost Langhorst, Christian Maaser, Johann Oc
Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie.2022; 60(03): 332. CrossRef - Diet and nutrition in the management of inflammatory bowel disease
Pabitra Sahu, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja, Rakesh K. Tandon
Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 40(3): 253. CrossRef - Review of exclusive enteral therapy in adult Crohn’s disease
Nikola Mitrev, Hin Huang, Barbara Hannah, Viraj Chandana Kariyawasam
BMJ Open Gastroenterology.2021; 8(1): e000745. CrossRef - Current Use of EEN in Pre-Operative Optimisation in Crohn’s Disease
Sharafaath Shariff, Gordon Moran, Caris Grimes, Rachel Margaret Cooney
Nutrients.2021; 13(12): 4389. CrossRef - Exclusive Enteral Nutrition in Adult Crohn’s Disease: an Overview of Clinical Practice and Perceived Barriers
Roberto de Sire, Olga Maria Nardone, Anna Testa, Giulio Calabrese, Anna Caiazzo, Fabiana Castiglione
Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology.2021; Volume 14: 493. CrossRef - Making Decisions about Dietary Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Sydney Solomon, Eunie Park, Joseph A. Picoraro
Gastrointestinal Disorders.2020; 2(4): 353. CrossRef - EEN Yesterday and Today … CDED Today and Tomorrow
Marta Herrador-López, Rafael Martín-Masot, Víctor Manuel Navas-López
Nutrients.2020; 12(12): 3793. CrossRef
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Review
- IBD
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Does fecal calprotectin equally and accurately measure disease activity in small bowel and large bowel Crohn’s disease?: a systematic review
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Ebby George Simon, Richard Wardle, Aye Aye Thi, Jeanette Eldridge, Sunil Samuel, Gordon William Moran
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Intest Res 2019;17(2):160-170. Published online February 7, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00114
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- Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a highly sensitive disease activity biomarker in inflammatory bowel disease. However, there are conflicting reports on whether the diagnostic accuracy in Crohn’s disease is influenced by disease location. The aim of this study was to undertake a systematic review of the published literature. Relevant databases were searched from inception to November 8, 2016 for cohort and case control studies which had data on FC in patients with isolated small bowel (SB) and large bowel (LB) Crohn’s disease. Reference standards for disease activity were endoscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography or a combination of these. The QUADAS-2 research tool was used to assess the risk of bias. There were 5,619 records identified at initial search. The 2,098 duplicates were removed and 3,521 records screened. Sixty-one full text articles were assessed for eligibility and 16 studies were included in the final review with sensitivities and specificities per disease location available from 8 studies. Sensitivities of FC at SB and LB locations ranged from 42.9% to 100% and 66.7% to 100% respectively while corresponding specificities were 50% to 100% and 28.6% to 100% respectively. The sensitivities and specificities of FC to accurately measure disease activity in Crohn’s disease at different disease locations are diverse and no firm conclusion can be made. Better studies need to be undertaken to categorically answer the effect of disease location on the diagnostic accuracy of FC.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Unravelling metabolite-microbiome interactions in inflammatory bowel disease through AI and interaction-based modelling
Rebecca Hodgkiss, Animesh Acharjee
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease.2025; 1871(3): 167618. CrossRef - Development of a capsule endoscopy scoring system for the early diagnosis of small bowel Crohn’s disease
Yuya Ogino, Kento Sadashima, Yuichiro Yoshida, Hironobu Takedomi, Nanae Tsuruoka, Yasuhisa Sakata, Ayako Takamori, Tadakazu Hisamatsu, Takayuki Matsumoto, Motohiro Esaki
Journal of Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Serum food specific IgG antibodies are associated with small bowel inflammation in patients with Crohn’s disease
Jintong Chen, Huaning Chen, Yanni Huang, Hongchai Xie, Silin Li, Chengdang Wang
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2024; 78(1): 48. CrossRef - Combination of leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein and fecal markers detect Crohn’s disease activity confirmed by balloon-assisted enteroscopy
Ami Kawamoto, Kento Takenaka, Shuji Hibiya, Yoshio Kitazume, Hiromichi Shimizu, Toshimitsu Fujii, Eiko Saito, Kazuo Ohtsuka, Ryuichi Okamoto
Intestinal Research.2024; 22(1): 65. CrossRef - Which biomarkers best reflect the degree of inflammation in Crohn’s disease?
Jihye Park
Intestinal Research.2024; 22(1): 1. CrossRef - RNA Expression of MMP12 Is Strongly Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Is Regulated by Metabolic Pathways in RAW 264.7 Macrophages
Laura Arosa, Miguel Camba-Gómez, Luis Francisco Lorenzo-Martín, Laura Clavaín, Miguel López, Javier Conde-Aranda
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(6): 3167. CrossRef - Circulatory resistin levels in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Amir Hossein Behnoush, Seyede Parmis Maroufi, Tara Reshadmanesh, Yasmin Mohtasham Kia, Mitra Norouzi, Seyedeh Mina Mohammadi, Aleksandra Klisic, Amirmohammad Khalaji
BMC Gastroenterology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Application of clinical decision support tools for predicting outcomes with vedolizumab therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A KASID multicentre study
Kyuwon Kim, Jae Jun Park, Hyuk Yoon, Jun Lee, Kyeong Ok Kim, Eun Sun Kim, Su Young Kim, Sun‐Jin Boo, Yunho Jung, Jun Hwan Yoo, Sung Wook Hwang, Sang Hyoung Park, Suk‐Kyun Yang, Byong Duk Ye
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2024; 59(12): 1539. CrossRef - Fecal Calprotectin in Patients with Crohn’s Disease: A Study Based on the History of Bowel Resection and Location of Disease
Jeongkuk Seo, Subin Song, Seung Hwan Shin, Suhyun Park, Seung Wook Hong, Sang Hyoung Park, Dong-Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Sung Wook Hwang
Diagnostics.2024; 14(8): 854. CrossRef - Utility of the Endoscopic Healing Index in Identifying Active Inflammation in Patients with Crohn’s Disease: Real World Data from a Tertiary Center
Nathaniel A. Cohen, Tenzin Choden, Emma C. Dyer, Nicole M. Garcia, Natalie K. Choi, David T. Rubin
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2024; 69(8): 2955. CrossRef - Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound in Comparison to Endoscopy in Children With Crohn's Disease
Slavojka Ponorac, Raja Dahmane Gošnak, Darja Urlep, Damjana Ključevšek
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine.2023; 42(1): 193. CrossRef - Resistin, Elastase, and Lactoferrin as Potential Plasma Biomarkers of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Based on Comprehensive Proteomic Screens
Anto Sam Crosslee Louis Sam Titus, Kamala Vanarsa, Sanam Soomro, Anjali Patel, Jarod Prince, Subra Kugathasan, Chandra Mohan
Molecular & Cellular Proteomics.2023; 22(2): 100487. CrossRef - Fecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin versus fecal calprotectin to monitoring endoscopic activity in inflammatory bowel disease
Patricia Latorre Añó, Jorge Torrente Sánchez, Amparo Almudena Pérez Ibañez, Jose María Tenias Burillo, Nadia Paloma Moreno Sánchez, Antonio López-Serrano, Eduardo Moreno Osset, Julián Murado Pardo, José María Paredes
Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Clinical Value of Detecting Fecal Calprotectin by Using Colloidal Gold Assay in Screening or Diagnosing Crohn’s Disease
Wangdong Zhang, Yanyun Fan, Meijun Chen, Tatsuya Toyokawa
Gastroenterology Research and Practice.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef - AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Role of Biomarkers for the Management of Crohn’s Disease
Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Jeremy Adler, Karen A. Chachu, Nghia H. Nguyen, Shazia M. Siddique, Jennifer M. Weiss, Shahnaz Sultan, Fernando S. Velayos, Benjamin L. Cohen, Siddharth Singh
Gastroenterology.2023; 165(6): 1367. CrossRef - Amplification of an Electrochemiluminescence-Emissive Aptamer into DNA Nanotags for Sensitive Fecal Calprotectin Determination
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Analytical Chemistry.2023; 95(50): 18564. CrossRef - Association between Fecal Calprotectin and Mucosal Healing in Pediatric Patients with Crohn’s Disease Who Have Achieved Sustained Clinical Remission with Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Agents
Yoo Min Lee, Sujin Choi, Byung-Ho Choe, Hyo-Jeong Jang, Seung Kim, Hong Koh, Eun Sil Kim, Mi Jin Kim, Yon Ho Choe, Ben Kang
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(1): 62. CrossRef - Efficacy of sigmoidoscopy for evaluating disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis
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BMC Gastroenterology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Fungi
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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.2022; 74(3): 377. CrossRef - Fecal S100A12 is associated with future hospitalization and step-up of medical treatment in patients with Crohn’s disease in clinical remission: a pilot study
Sun-Ho Lee, Sung Wook Hwang, Sang Hyoung Park, Dong-Hoon Yang, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Byong Duk Ye
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(2): 203. CrossRef - Ultrasonographic scores for ileal Crohn’s disease assessment: Better, worse or the same as contrast-enhanced ultrasound?
M. Freitas, F. Dias de Castro, V. Macedo Silva, C. Arieira, T. Cúrdia Gonçalves, S. Leite, M. J. Moreira, J. Cotter
BMC Gastroenterology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Intestinal fatty acid binding protein is a disease biomarker in paediatric coeliac disease and Crohn’s disease
Michael Logan, Mary MacKinder, Clare Martha Clark, Aikaterini Kountouri, Mwansa Jere, Umer Zeeshan Ijaz, Richard Hansen, Paraic McGrogan, Richard K. Russell, Konstantinos Gerasimidis
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Sun-Ho Lee, Williams Turpin, Osvaldo Espin-Garcia, Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay, Michelle I. Smith, Haim Leibovitzh, Ashleigh Goethel, Dan Turner, David Mack, Colette Deslandres, Maria Cino, Guy Aumais, Remo Panaccione, Kevan Jacobson, Alain Bitton, A. Hill
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Eun Soo Kim
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Amanda Ricciuto, Anne M. Griffiths
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Original Article
- IBD
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Vitamin D deficiency is associated with disease activity in patients with Crohn’s disease
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Kyoung Ho Ko, You Sun Kim, Bo Kyung Lee, Jong Hyun Choi, Yong Moon Woo, Jin Young Kim, Jeong Seop Moon
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Intest Res 2019;17(1):70-77. Published online October 10, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00022
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Abstract
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- Background/Aims
Previous data suggest that vitamin D has a significant role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We investigated the incidence of vitamin D deficiency in Korean patients with IBD and the correlation between serum vitamin D level and disease activity.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with IBD whose serum vitamin D levels were checked. Deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was defined as <20 ng/mL. Disease activity was evaluated using the partial Mayo score for ulcerative colitis (≥2 defined as active disease) and Harvey-Bradshaw index for Crohn’s disease (≥4 defined as active disease).
Results
We enrolled 87 patients with IBD (ulcerative colitis [UC], 45; Crohn’s disease [CD], 42). Among them, 65.5% (57/87) were men, with a mean age of 44.9±15.1 years (range, 18–75 years). The mean duration of disease was 4.7±4.8 years (range, 0.1–17.1 years). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 73.6% (64/87) of patients with IBD. Patients with IBD (mean vitamin D level, 16.3±9.0 ng/mL) showed lower vitamin D level than the healthy control group (mean vitamin D level, 20.4±7.0 ng/mL), with no statistically significant difference (P=0.136). Disease activity was inversely correlated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with CD (P=0.007). However, no correlation was observed in patients with UC (P=0.134).
Conclusions
Approximately 75% of Korean patients with IBD showed vitamin D deficiency state. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with disease activity, particularly in patients with CD.
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Focused Review: Intestinal Behçet's Disease
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Optimal diagnosis and disease activity monitoring of intestinal Behçet's disease
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Hyun Jung Lee, Jae Hee Cheon
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Intest Res 2017;15(3):311-317. Published online June 12, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2017.15.3.311
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Abstract
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Intestinal Behçet's disease (BD), generally accepted as a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), could be diagnosed when patients with BD have objectively documented gastrointestinal symptoms and intestinal ulcerations. Similar to IBD, intestinal BD has an unpredictable disease course with relapse and remission and is often related to a poor prognosis. However, there is no single gold standard for assessment of the disease activity of intestinal BD, and its diagnosis and management depend heavily on expert opinions. The Korean IBD Study Group recently developed novel diagnostic criteria based on colonoscopy findings and clinical manifestations using a modified Delphi process to overcome drawbacks of previously used consensus for the diagnosis of intestinal BD. In addition, the recently developed disease activity index for intestinal BD, consisting of a relatively simple 8-point index, could also help in determining treatment strategies and monitoring therapeutic responses. In this review, the progress in the diagnosis and disease activity measurement of intestinal BD will be discussed.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Predicting Factors of Long-term Outcome of Gastrointestinal Behçet's Disease: A Chinese Retrospective Study
Xiaoman Zu, Shanshan Xiong, Yaming Lu, Ning Zhang, Shu Xu, Rui Feng, Baili Chen, Zhirong Zeng, Minhu Chen, Yao He
Clinical Therapeutics.2024; 46(3): 201. CrossRef - Neither hepatic steatosis nor fibrosis is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with intestinal Behçet’s disease
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Original Article
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Circulating Ghrelin Levels and Obestatin/Ghrelin Ratio as a Marker of Activity in Ulcerative Colitis
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Ja Young Jung, Ji Bong Jeong, Ji Won Kim, Su Hwan Kim, Seong-Joon Koh, Byeong Gwan Kim, Kook Lae Lee
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Intest Res 2015;13(1):68-73. Published online January 29, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2015.13.1.68
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Abstract
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- Background/Aims
Ghrelin levels are known to increase in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), but serum obestatin levels in UC patients are not well elucidated. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between serum ghrelin and obestatin levels and disease activity in UC patients.
MethodsThe serum ghrelin and obestatin levels were measured in 21 UC patients (12 with active disease and 9 in remission) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between the circulating levels of these 2 hormones and disease activity was analyzed. The colonic mucosal mRNA expression of ghrelin and obestatin was measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
ResultsThe mean serum ghrelin values were significantly higher in patients with active disease than in patients with remission (1370.6±404.3 vs. 783.5±235.3 pg/mL, P=0.001). Colonic mucosal mRNA expression of ghrelin was also significantly higher in patients with active disease than in patients in remission (0.805±0.214 vs. 0.481±0.356, P=0.018). However, the mean serum obestatin levels and colonic mucosal mRNA expression of obestatin were not significantly different between both groups. The circulating obestatin/ghrelin ratio was significantly lower in patients with active UC than in patients in remission (0.32±0.08 vs. 0.58±0.20, P=0.001).
ConclusionsThe serum ghrelin levels and the obestatin/ghrelin ratio were related to the activity of UC, but serum obestatin was not related to activity of UC. The ghrelin levels and the obestatin/ghrelin ratio could serve as activity markers in patients with UC.
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Citations
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