Intestinal Research

Original Articles

IBD

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Suprabhat Giri, Dhiraj Agrawal, Shivaraj Afzalpurkar, Sunil Kasturi, Amrit Gopan, Sridhar Sundaram, Aditya Kale; Intest Res 2023;21(3):392-405. Published online December 2, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2022.00094

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Background/Aims
The data on the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are conflicting. The present systematic review was thus conducted to study the prevalence of HBV and HCV markers in patients with IBD.
Methods
A comprehensive literature search of 3 databases was conducted from 2000 to April 2022 for studies evaluating the prevalence of HBV or HCV in patients with IBD. Pooled prevalence rates across studies were expressed with summative statistics.
Results
A total of 34 studies were included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antibodies were 3.3% and 14.2%, respectively. In HBsAg positive IBD patients, hepatitis B e antigen positivity and detectable HBV DNA were seen in 15.3% and 61.0% of patients, respectively. Only 35.6% of the IBD patients had effective HBV vaccination. The pooled prevalence of anti-HCV and detectable HCV RNA were 1.8% and 0.8%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of markers of HBV infection was higher in Asian studies, while the prevalence of markers of HCV infection was higher in European studies. The prevalence of viral hepatitis markers was similar between IBD patients and the general population and that between ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.
Conclusions
The prevalence of markers of viral hepatitis remains same as the general population with significant regional variations, although the quality of evidence remains low due to publication bias. Only a small proportion of IBD patients had an effective HBV vaccination, requiring improvement in screening and vaccination practices.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prevalence of Comorbidities in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Umbrella Review of 18 Systematic Reviews
Lupita Ana Maria Valladolid-Sandoval, Jhosmer Ballena-Caicedo, Fiorella E. Zuzunaga-Montoya, Darwin A. León-Figueroa, Percy Ordemar Vásquez, Mario J. Valladares-Garrido, Víctor Juan Vera-Ponce
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(5): 1739. CrossRef
ECCO consensus on management of inflammatory bowel disease in low- and middle-income countries
Alaa El-Hussuna, Almuthe Christina Hauer, Tarkan Karakan, Valerie Pittet, Henit Yanai, Jalpa Devi, Jesus K Yamamoto-Furusho, Ali Reza Sima, Hailemichael Desalegn, Mutaz Idrees Sultan, Vishal Sharma, Hany Shehab, Lamya Mrabti, Natalia Queiroz, Anuraag Jena
Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence of viral hepatitis A and C in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide population-based study in South Korea
Jin Hwa Park, Sang Hyoung Park, Sang Pyo Lee, Kang Nyeong Lee, Hang Lak Lee, Oh Young Lee, Soorack Ryu, Junwon Go
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2026; 41(1): 95. CrossRef
Hepatobiliary and pancreatic manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
Runsheng Hong, Zhixue Li, Meng Li, Yun Dai
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Serological Assessment of Hepatitis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Taiwan: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Yueh-An Lee, Hsu-Heng Yen, Yang-Yuan Chen
Life.2025; 15(6): 893. CrossRef
British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on inflammatory bowel disease in adults: 2025
Gordon W Moran, Morris Gordon, Vassiliki Sinopoulou, Shellie J Radford, Ana-Maria Darie, Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru, Laith Alrubaiy, Naila Arebi, Jonathan Blackwell, Thomas D Butler, Thean Chew, Michael Colwill, Rachel Cooney, Gabriele De Marco, Said Din, Shah
Gut.2025; 74(Suppl 2): s1. CrossRef
Management of ulcerative colitis in Taiwan: consensus guideline of the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease updated in 2023
Hsu-Heng Yen, Jia-Feng Wu, Horng-Yuan Wang, Ting-An Chang, Chung-Hsin Chang, Chen-Wang Chang, Te-Hsin Chao, Jen-Wei Chou, Yenn-Hwei Chou, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Wen-Hung Hsu, Tzu-Chi Hsu, Tien-Yu Huang, Tsung-I Hung, Puo-Hsien Le, Chun-Che Lin, Chun-Chi Lin
Intestinal Research.2024; 22(3): 213. CrossRef
Assessing the associations of inflammatory bowel disease and hepatitis B virus infections with two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization
Ping Han, Chaohui Wang, Yan Qiu
Critical Public Health.2024; 34(1): 1. CrossRef
Associations between chronic hepatitis B infection and inflammatory bowel diseases in East Asian populations
Haiyan Ye, Deqin Wei, Yike Huang
Future Virology.2024; 19(16-18): 563. CrossRef
Protective role of flavonoids quercetin and silymarin in the viral-associated inflammatory bowel disease: an updated review
Elham Zarenezhad, Hussein T. Abdulabbas, Ahmed Shayaa Kareem, Seyed Amin Kouhpayeh, Silvia Barbaresi, Sohrab Najafipour, Abdulbaset Mazarzaei, Mitra Sotoudeh, Abdolmajid Ghasemian
Archives of Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Infectious complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Asia: the results of a multinational web-based survey in the 8th Asian Organization for Crohn’s and Colitis meeting
Yu Kyung Jun, Seong-Joon Koh, Dae Seong Myung, Sang Hyoung Park, Choon Jin Ooi, Ajit Sood, Jong Pil Im
Intestinal Research.2023; 21(3): 353. CrossRef
Ulcerative colitis coexisting with hepatitis C: A rare occurrence
Xiaoqiang Liu, Yisen Huan, Yubin Wang, Yingxuan Huang
Medicine.2023; 102(50): e36629. CrossRef

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11 Web of Science
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Prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viral infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in north India: Parnita Harsh, Vipin Gupta, Saurabh Kedia, Sawan Bopanna, Sucharita Pilli, Surendernath, Govind Kumar Makharia, Vineet Ahuja; Intest Res 2017;15(1):97-102. Published online January 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2017.15.1.97

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

<b>Background/Aims</b><br/>

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often require immunosuppressive therapy and blood transfusions and therefore are at a high risk of contracting infections due to hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In the present study, we assessed the prevalence of these infections in patients with IBD.

Methods

This retrospective study included 908 consecutive patients with IBD (ulcerative colitis [UC], n=581; Crohn's disease [CD], n=327) who were receiving care at a tertiary care center. Ninety-five patients with intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) were recruited as disease controls. Prospectively maintained patient databases were reviewed for the prevalence of HBV surface antigen, anti-HCV antibodies, and HIV (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method). HCV RNA was examined in patients who tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies. Prevalence data of the study were compared with that of the general Indian population (HBV, 3.7%; HCV, 1%; HIV, 0.3%).

Results

The prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV was 2.4%, 1.4%, and 0.1%, respectively, in the 908 patients with IBD. Among the 581 patients with UC, 2.2% (12/541) had HBV, 1.7% (9/517) had HCV, and 0.2% (1/499) had HIV. Among the 327 patients with CD, 2.8% (8/288) had HBV, 0.7% (2/273) had HCV, and 0% (0/277) had HIV. One patient with CD had HBV and HCV coinfection. The prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV in patients with ITB was 5.9% (4/67), 1.8% (1/57), and 1.2% (1/84), respectively.

Conclusions

The prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV in north Indian patients with IBD is similar to the prevalence of these viruses in the general community. Nonetheless, the high risk of flare after immunosuppressive therapy mandates routine screening of patients with IBD for viral markers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

ECCO consensus on management of inflammatory bowel disease in low- and middle-income countries
Alaa El-Hussuna, Almuthe Christina Hauer, Tarkan Karakan, Valerie Pittet, Henit Yanai, Jalpa Devi, Jesus K Yamamoto-Furusho, Ali Reza Sima, Hailemichael Desalegn, Mutaz Idrees Sultan, Vishal Sharma, Hany Shehab, Lamya Mrabti, Natalia Queiroz, Anuraag Jena
Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence of viral hepatitis A and C in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide population-based study in South Korea
Jin Hwa Park, Sang Hyoung Park, Sang Pyo Lee, Kang Nyeong Lee, Hang Lak Lee, Oh Young Lee, Soorack Ryu, Junwon Go
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2026; 41(1): 95. CrossRef
Brucellosis in a patient with Crohn's disease treated with infliximab: A case report
Mansour Altuwaijri, Nasser Alkhraiji, Mosaab Almasry, Saad Alkhowaiter, Nuha Al Amaar, Ammar Alotaibi
Arab Journal of Gastroenterology.2025; 26(1): 38. CrossRef
Managing IBD Patients with Concomitant HIV Infection - a Systematic Review
Hugo Sousa, Joana Barroso, Raquel Tavares, Joana Torres
Current Gastroenterology Reports.2024; 26(1): 1. CrossRef
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Suprabhat Giri, Dhiraj Agrawal, Shivaraj Afzalpurkar, Sunil Kasturi, Amrit Gopan, Sridhar Sundaram, Aditya Kale
Intestinal Research.2023; 21(3): 392. CrossRef
Expert consensus on vaccination in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Japan
Takashi Ishige, Toshiaki Shimizu, Kenji Watanabe, Katsuhiro Arai, Koichi Kamei, Takahiro Kudo, Reiko Kunisaki, Daisuke Tokuhara, Makoto Naganuma, Tatsuki Mizuochi, Atsuko Murashima, Yuta Inoki, Naomi Iwata, Itaru Iwama, Sachi Koinuma, Hirotaka Shimizu, Ke
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Prevalence of viral hepatitis infection in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Dhasarathi Kumar, Roshni M. Peter, Alex Joseph, Kalpana Kosalram, Harpreet Kaur
Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Frequency of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study
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Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2022; 37(5): 920. CrossRef
Viral Hepatitis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 80(2): 51. CrossRef
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ECCO Guidelines on the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Infections in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
T Kucharzik, P Ellul, T Greuter, J F Rahier, B Verstockt, C Abreu, A Albuquerque, M Allocca, M Esteve, F A Farraye, H Gordon, K Karmiris, U Kopylov, J Kirchgesner, E MacMahon, F Magro, C Maaser, L de Ridder, C Taxonera, M Toruner, L Tremblay, M Scharl, N
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World Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 27(25): 3762. CrossRef
Challenges in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease in resource-limited settings in Asia
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The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2020; 5(12): 1076. CrossRef
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7,799 View
55 Download
19 Web of Science
19 Crossref

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