Citations

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• Characteristics and outcomes of portal vein thrombosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Korea
  Ki Jin Kim, Su-Bin Song, Jung-Bin Park, June Hwa Bae, Ji Eun Baek, Ga Hee Kim, Min-Jun Kim, Seung Wook Hong, Sung Wook Hwang, Dong-Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Chang Sik Yu, Yong-Sik Yoon, Jong-Lyul Lee, Min Hy
  The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2025; 40(2): 243.     CrossRef
• Coagulopathy and platelet abnormalities in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
  Dae Sung Kim, Won Moon
  The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2025; 40(6): 866.     CrossRef
• Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Versus Corticosteroids: A 3-fold Difference in the Occurrence of Venous Thromboembolism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease－A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
  Hajnal Székely, Laura Mária Tóth, Anett Rancz, Anna Walter, Nelli Farkas, Miklós Domonkos Sárközi, Szilárd Váncsa, Bálint Erőss, Péter Hegyi, Pál Miheller
  Journal of Crohn's and Colitis.2024; 18(5): 773.     CrossRef
• Risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality associated with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in Korea
  Oh Chan Kwon, See Young Lee, Jaeyoung Chun, Kyungdo Han, Yuna Kim, Ryul Kim, Min-Chan Park, Jie-Hyun Kim, Young Hoon Youn, Hyojin Park
  Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Cardiovascular manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases and the underlying pathogenic mechanisms
  Ying Xiao, Don W. Powell, Xiaowei Liu, Qingjie Li
  American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology.2023; 325(2): R193.     CrossRef
• Comparison of 1-Year Colectomy Risk Between the US and Korean Patients with Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
  Eun Soo Kim, Kyeong Ok Kim, Byung Ik Jang, Eun Young Kim, Yoo Jin Lee, Hyun Seok Lee, Joon Seop Lee, Sung Kook Kim, Yun Jin Jung, Sang-Bum Kang, Manasi Agrawal, Ryan Ungaro, Jean-Frederic Colombel
  Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2022; 67(7): 2866.     CrossRef
• The Comparative Risk of Serious Adverse Events With Tofacitinib and TNF Inhibitors in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: The Korean Experience as Revealed by a National Database
  Gi Hyeon Seo, Sung Hoon Jung
  Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Asian Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Nationwide Inception Cohort Study
  Su Young Kim, Yeon Seo Cho, Hyun-Soo Kim, Jung Kuk Lee, Hee Man Kim, Hong Jun Park, Hyunil Kim, Jihoon Kim, Dae Ryong Kang
  Gut and Liver.2022; 16(4): 555.     CrossRef
• Risk Factors of Venous Thromboembolism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Hua Zhang, Xuehong Wang
  Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been reported to have an increased risk of thromboembolism. Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but serious extraintestinal manifestation of IBD. Due to its highly variable manifestation and low incidence, CVT is not usually readily recognized by physicians. Herein, we report a case of a 35-year-old male presenting with CVT associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). The patient was admitted with chief complaints of bloody diarrhea that had started 3 days prior. Sigmoidoscopy showed hyperemic and edematous mucosa, friability, and shallow ulcers from the sigmoid colon to the rectum suggestive of IBD. Three days later, the patient started complaining of a headache, and gradually developed a decreased level of consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed CVT with hemorrhagic infarctions. An angiogram was obtained to evaluate the extent of CVT, and anticoagulation therapy was initiated with intravenous heparin. During hospitalization, he was diagnosed with UC and treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid. After discharge, the patient was recovered without neurological deficit, and remission of UC was also obtained. The presence of headache or acute worsening of neurological status in a patient with IBD should alert the health professionals about the possibility of CVT.

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• Digit Necrosis After Hand Surgery in Pregnancy: A Case Report
  Natalia Ziolkowski, Jana Dengler, Cory S Goldberg
  Plastic Surgery Case Studies.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Cerebral venous thrombosis as presenting manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
  Katie Stamp, Alison Pattinson, Paul Maliakal, Thekootu Nandakumar, Shaji Sebastian
  GastroHep.2019; 1(1): 45.     CrossRef

Acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurs commonly in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, but is usually asymptomatic in the latter. Vascular events associated with acute CMV infection have been described, but are rare. Hence, such events are rarely reported in the literature. We report a case of pulmonary embolism secondary to acute CMV colitis in an immunocompetent 78-year-old man. The patient presented with fever and diarrhea. Colonic ulcers were diagnosed based on colonoscopy findings, and CMV was the proven etiology on pathological examination. The patient subsequently experienced acute respiratory failure. Pulmonary embolism was diagnosed based on the chest radiography and computed tomography findings. A diagnosis of acute CMV colitis complicated by pulmonary embolism was made. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous administration of unfractionated heparin and intravenous ganciclovir.

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• Venous thromboembolism in infectious diseases
  Priyanka P. Nigade, Sagar S. Dhanagar, Vandana S. Nikam
  Comparative Clinical Pathology.2025; 34(3): 485.     CrossRef
• Cytomegalovirus-Induced Pericarditis, Pulmonary Embolism, and Transaminitis in an Immunocompetent Patient
  Waiz Wasey, Navpreet Badesha, Maria Rossi, Caitlin Carter, Samantha Bibee
  Cureus.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Risk factors of venous thrombo-embolism during cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompetent individuals. A systematic review
  Manuela Ceccarelli, Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo, Giuseppe Nunnari
  European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases.2018; 37(3): 381.     CrossRef
• Venous thromboembolism related to cytomegalovirus infection
  Amar H. Kelkar, Kavitha S. Jacob, Eman B. Yousif, John J. Farrell
  Medicine.2017; 96(51): e9336.     CrossRef

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an elevated risk of venous thromboembolism compared with the general population. The most common sites of venous thromboembolism in IBD patients are the deep veins of the legs, the pulmonary system, and portal and mesenteric veins. However, cerebral venous thrombosis is rarely associated with IBD. This report describes a case of cerebral venous thrombosis in a patient with Crohn's disease. A 17-year-old girl, diagnosed 4 years earlier with Crohn's disease, presented with headache and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with venography showed venous thrombosis in the cortical veins, superior sagittal sinus, right transverse sinus, and right internal jugular vein. The patient immediately started anticoagulation therapy with intravenous heparin infusion followed by daily oral rivaroxaban 10 mg. Follow-up imaging after 2 weeks showed resolution of the thrombosis, with recanalization of the cortical veins, superior sagittal sinus, right transverse sinus, and right internal jugular vein. She continued rivaroxaban therapy for 6 months, and remained well, without neurologic sequelae. A high level of concern for cerebral venous thrombosis may be important when treating active IBD patients, because anticoagulation treatment can prevent fatal complications.

Citations

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• Cerebral venous thrombosis during relapse of ulcerative colitis: Case report with review of literature
  S. Bouchal, B. Alami, N. Chtaou, M. Abkari, M. Maaroufi, F. Belahsen
  JMV-Journal de Médecine Vasculaire.2021; 46(1): 22.     CrossRef
• Direct oral anticoagulants in treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis: a systematic review
  Gauruv Bose, Justin Graveline, Vignan Yogendrakumar, Risa Shorr, Dean A Fergusson, Gregoire Le Gal, Jonathan Coutinho, Marcelo Mendonça, Miguel Viana-Baptista, Simon Nagel, Dar Dowlatshahi
  BMJ Open.2021; 11(2): e040212.     CrossRef
• The Twists and Turns of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Neuro-Behcet's Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review
  Qiao Zhang, Yizhen Luo, Jianli Zhou, Shaoming Zhou, Zhaoxia Wang
  Frontiers in Pediatrics.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Recurrent Unprovoked Venous Thrombosis (Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis and Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis) in Young Patient with Crohn’s Disease: A Case Report and Review
  Abdullah Mohammed Albishi, Rafaat Chakik, Ali Saleh Alshamrani
  Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
• Use of direct oral anticoagulants in cerebral venous thrombosis: a systematic review
  Sen Sheng, Krishina Nalleballe, Naga V. Pothineni, Rohan Sharma, Aliza Brown, Hisham Elkhider, Saritha Ranabothu, Nidhi Kapoor, Kelly-Ann Patrice, Sanjeeva Onteddu
  Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis.2020; 31(8): 501.     CrossRef
• Direct oral anticoagulant use in patients with thrombophilia, antiphospholipid syndrome or venous thrombosis of unusual sites: A narrative review
  Laurent Bertoletti, Ygal Benhamou, Yannick Béjot, Sylvestre Marechaux, Saida Cheggour, Boris Aleil, Nicolas Lellouche, Jean-Guillaume Dillinger, Aurélien Delluc
  Blood Reviews.2018; 32(4): 272.     CrossRef
• A case of ulcerative colitis presenting with cerebral venous thrombosis
  Junghwan Lee, Sung Wook Hwang, Jinhee Lee, Kyung Hwa Jung, Ha Il Kim, Sang Hyoung Park, Dong-Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang
  Intestinal Research.2018; 16(2): 306.     CrossRef
• Rivaroxaban and Apixaban for Initial Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism of Atypical Location
  Dawid T. Janczak, Malgorzata K. Mimier, Robert D. McBane, Patrick S. Kamath, Benjamin S. Simmons, Dalene M. Bott-Kitslaar, Charles J. Lenz, Emily R. Vargas, David O. Hodge, Waldemar E. Wysokinski
  Mayo Clinic Proceedings.2018; 93(1): 40.     CrossRef
• Use of Novel Oral Anticoagulant to Treat Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Patient with Ulcerative Colitis Superinfected Cytomegalovirus Colitis
  Seok-Hwan Kim, Sunhee Jang, Yegyu Sung, Jun Kyu Park, Yunjung Park, Jintak Yun, Sang-Bum Kang
  The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2017; 70(1): 44.     CrossRef

Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is a serious condition due to its potential association with mesenteric ischemia and infarction of the small bowel. Symptoms of MVT are often vague, making accurate diagnosis and sufficient treatment difficult. However, increased awareness and new imaging modalities for this condition have improved outcomes for patients with MVT. Treatment includes anticoagulation, transcatheter therapy, and surgery. In the present report, we describe the case study of a 62-year-old woman with a presenting diagnosis of superior MVT, who was finally diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome. The superior MVT spontaneously dissolved after the patient underwent 6 months of systemic anticoagulation therapy. Invasive surgery or bowel resection was not required.

Citations

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• A Case of Malignant Lymphoma Discovered During Treatment of Superior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis
  Haruka Oi, Satoshi Yamamoto, Takafumi Akai, Masako Ogawa, Yukiyoshi Masaki
  Nihon Gekakei Rengo Gakkaishi (Journal of Japanese College of Surgeons).2017; 42(6): 1013.     CrossRef
• Acute Myocardial Infarction Caused by Thrombotic Microangiopathy Complicated With Myelodysplastic Syndrome
  Tsukasa Oshima, Masayasu Ikutomi, Hiroki Shinohara, Jumpei Ishiwata, Keiko Fukino, Toshihiro Amaki, Fumitaka Nakamura
  International Heart Journal.2016; 57(5): 634.     CrossRef