Intestinal Research

Miscellaneous

Pyogenic granuloma after embolization of a duodenal arteriovenous malformation in a patient with bleeding of obscure origin: Leticia Rosevics, Bruna Streppel Fossati, Elisandre Caroline dos Santos Cerutti, Fernanda Bizinelli de Camargo; Intest Res 2024;22(1):115-116. Published online October 23, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2023.00067

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JAK inhibitor, a new player for treatment-refractory microscopic colitis: Anne Druez, Simon Travis, Jean-François Rahier; Intest Res 2023;21(3):411-412. Published online July 4, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2023.00030

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Past, present, and future of Intestinal Research: Jae Hee Cheon; Intest Res 2023;21(1):1-2. Published online January 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2023.00010

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Characteristics and usefulness of transabdominal ultrasonography in immune-mediated colitis: Kensuke Sakurai, Takehiko Katsurada, Mutsumi Nishida, Satomi Omotehara, Shinya Fukushima, Shinsuke Otagiri, Kazunori Nagashima, Reizo Onishi, Ryo Takagi, Yoshito Komatsu, Naoya Sakamoto; Intest Res 2023;21(1):126-136. Published online July 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2021.00166

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Background/Aims
The usefulness of ultrasonography (US) in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract has been reported recently. This prospective study aimed to determine the features of US findings in immune-mediated colitis (IMC), an adverse event induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor, and examine the correlation between US findings, colonoscopy (CS) findings, and severity of colitis.
Methods
We studied patients examined using CS and US upon suspicion of IMC in Hokkaido University Hospital between April 2018 and February 2021. Endoscopic findings of IMC were assessed using the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS). The severity of US findings in IMC was evaluated using US grade, which is the ultrasonographic grading scale in ulcerative colitis. Bowel wall thickness and the intensity of the color Doppler signal were also analyzed. Severity of colitis was evaluated using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade version 5.
Results
Fourteen patients with IMC were enrolled. The US findings were bowel wall thickening, loss of stratification, ulceration and increased blood flow signal. The US grade was moderately correlated with the UCEIS (r=0.687, p=0.009) and CTCAE grade (r=0.628, p=0.035). Bowel wall thickness and UCEIS (r=0.628, p=0.020), as well as color Doppler signal grade and CTCAE grade (r=0.724, p=0.008), were significantly correlated.
Conclusions
US findings in IMC were mainly similar to those of ulcerative colitis, but there were some findings that were characteristic only of IMC. Significant correlation was found between US findings, CS findings, and severity of colitis. Hence, US could be useful for the evaluation of IMC.

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Response
Malek Shatila, Yinghong Wang
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2024; 100(2): 349. CrossRef
Ultrasound's echo in the endoscopic realm: navigating checkpoint colitis
Steven Nicolaides, Zaid Ardalan, Alex Boussioutas
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2024; 100(2): 349. CrossRef
Gut microbiome on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and consequent immune-related colitis: a review
Sung Wook Hwang, Min Kyu Kim, Mi-Na Kweon
Intestinal Research.2023; 21(4): 433. CrossRef

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Involvement of the cannabinoid system in chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases: opportunities for new therapies: Priscila A. Lima, Bárbara B. Berg, Marina Gomes Miranda e Castor; Intest Res 2022;20(4):392-417. Published online May 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2021.00160

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The components of the endogenous cannabinoid system are widely expressed in the gastrointestinal tract contributing to local homeostasis. In general, cannabinoids exert inhibitory actions in the gastrointestinal tract, inducing anti-inflammatory, antiemetic, antisecretory, and antiproliferative effects. Therefore, cannabinoids are interesting pharmacological compounds for the treatment of several acute intestinal disorders, such as dysmotility, emesis, and abdominal pain. Likewise, the role of cannabinoids in the treatment of chronic intestinal diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease, is also under investigation. Patients with chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases present impaired quality of life, and mental health issues are commonly associated with long-term chronic diseases. The complex pathophysiology of these diseases contributes to difficulties in diagnosis and, therefore, in the choice of a satisfactory treatment. Thus, this article reviews the involvement of the cannabinoid system in chronic inflammatory diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract and highlights possible therapeutic approaches related to the use of cannabinoids.

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Cannabigerol as an anti-inflammatory agent altering the level of arachidonic acid derivatives in the colon tissue of rats subjected to a high-fat high-sucrose diet
Klaudia Sztolsztener, Ewa Harasim-Symbor, Adrian Chabowski, Karolina Konstantynowicz-Nowicka
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2024; 178: 117286. CrossRef
Pharmacohistory of Cannabis Use—A New Possibility in Future Drug Development for Gastrointestinal Diseases
Dinesh Thapa, Leon N. Warne, Marco Falasca
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(19): 14677. CrossRef

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Endoscopic balloon dilations for strictures of rectum, ileocecal valve and duodenum in a patient with X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis deficiency: a case report: Shinsuke Otagiri, Takehiko Katsurada, Kensuke Sakurai, Junichi Sugita, Naoya Sakamoto; Intest Res 2022;20(2):274-277. Published online February 8, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2021.00029

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) deficiency is a rare primary immunodeficiency and gastrointestinal (GI) lesions in XIAP deficiency are similar to Crohn’s disease. For patients with Crohn’s disease, endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is known to be a standard procedure for intestinal strictures including upper GI tract. However, there are no articles which mention the efficacy of EBDs for the strictures in upper GI tract in patients with XIAP deficiency. Herein, we describe an 18-year-old male with XIAP deficiency in whom EBDs for the rectum, ileocecal valve (ICV), and duodenum were performed. Before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), GI endoscopy revealed strictures of the rectum, ICV and duodenum with active ulcers. Although these ulcers healed after HSCT, the strictures progressed. Therefore, we performed EBDs for the strictures of the rectum, ICV, and duodenum. In contrast studies, we did not find any other strictures in the small intestine. Throughout the patient’s clinical course, no complications of EBD occurred. He started eating after EBDs, but abdominal symptoms did not relapse without any dietary restrictions. Our case suggests that EBD could be an effective and safe procedure for intestinal strictures including upper GI tract after HSCT in patients with XIAP deficiency.

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Addition of computed tomography chest increases the diagnosis rate in patients with suspected intestinal tuberculosis: Saurabh Kedia, Raju Sharma, Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru, Deepak Madhu, Pabitra Sahu, Bhaskar Kante, Prasenjit Das, Ankur Goyal, Karan Madan, Govind Makharia, Vineet Ahuja; Intest Res 2022;20(2):184-191. Published online May 4, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00104

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Background/Aims
Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) is difficult to diagnose due to poor sensitivity of definitive diagnostic tests. ITB may be associated with concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) which may remain undetected on chest X-ray. We assessed the role of contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) chest in detecting the prevalence of active PTB, and increasing the diagnostic yield in patients with suspected ITB.
Methods
Consecutive treatment naïve patients with suspected ITB (n=200) who underwent CECT chest (n=88) and had follow-up duration>1 year were recruited in this retrospective study (February 2016 to October 2018). ITB was diagnosed in the presence of caseating granuloma, positive acid fast stain or culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis on biopsy, presence of necrotic lymph nodes (LNs) on CT enterography or positive response to anti-tubercular therapy. Evidence of active tuberculosis on CECT-chest was defined as presence of centrilobular nodules with or without consolidation/miliary nodules/thick-walled cavity/enlarged necrotic mediastinal LNs.
Results
Sixty-five of eighty-eight patients (mean age, 33.8±12.8 years; 47.7% of females) were finally diagnosed as ITB (4-caseating granuloma on biopsy, 12-necrotic LNs on CT enterography, 1-both, and 48-response to anti-tubercular therapy) and 23 were diagnosed as Crohn’s disease. Findings of active TB on CECT chest with or without necrotic abdominal LNs were demonstrated in 5 and 20 patients, respectively. No patient with Crohn’s disease had necrotic abdominal LNs or active PTB. Addition of CECT chest in the diagnostic algorithm improved the sensitivity of ITB diagnosis from 26.2% to 56.9%.
Conclusions
Addition of CECT chest significantly improves the sensitivity for definite diagnosis in a patient with suspected ITB.

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Imaging in Abdominal Tuberculosis
Anuradha Sharma, Ankur Goyal, Devasenathipathy Kandasamy, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja, Raju Sharma
Indographics.2024; 03(02): 045. CrossRef
Evidence-based approach to diagnosis and management of abdominal tuberculosis
Daya Krishna Jha, Mythili Menon Pathiyil, Vishal Sharma
Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 42(1): 17. CrossRef
Risk factors identification of COVID‐19 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A retrospective study in Punjab‐Pakistan
Muhammad Muneeb Hassan, M. H. Tahir, Muhammad Ameeq, Farrukh Jamal, John T. Mendy, Christophe Chesneau
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Strengthening Tuberculosis Services for Children and Adolescents in Low Endemic Settings
Jeffrey R. Starke, Connie Erkens, Nicole Ritz, Ian Kitai
Pathogens.2022; 11(2): 158. CrossRef
Stringent screening strategy significantly reduces reactivation rates of tuberculosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on anti‐TNF therapy in tuberculosis endemic region
Peeyush Kumar, Sudheer K. Vuyyuru, Bhaskar Kante, Pabitra Sahu, Sandeep Goyal, Deepak Madhu, Saransh Jain, Mukesh Kumar Ranjan, Sandeep Mundhra, Rithvik Golla, Mukesh Singh, Shubi Virmani, Anvita Gupta, Nidhi Yadav, Mani Kalaivani, Raju Sharma, Prasenjit
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2022; 55(11): 1431. CrossRef

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A case of autoimmune enteropathy with CTLA4 haploinsufficiency: Haruka Miyazaki, Namiko Hoshi, Michitaka Kohashi, Eri Tokunaga, Yuna Ku, Haruka Takenaka, Makoto Ooi, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Suguru Uemura, Noriyuki Nishimura, Kazumoto Iijima, Keisuke Jimbo, Tsubasa Okano, Akihiro Hoshino, Kohsuke Imai, Hirokazu Kanegane, Ichiro Kobayashi, Yuzo Kodama; Intest Res 2022;20(1):144-149. Published online January 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00041

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Autoimmune enteropathy (AIE) is a rare disease, characterized by intractable diarrhea, villous atrophy of the small intestine, and the presence of circulating anti-enterocyte autoantibodies. Immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome, and mutations in FOXP3, which is a master gene of regulatory T cells (Tregs), are major causes of AIE. Recent studies have demonstrated that mutations in other Treg-associated genes, such as CD25 and CTLA4, show an IPEX-like phenotype. We present the case of a 13-year-old girl with CTLA4 haploinsufficiency, suffering from recurrent immune thrombocytopenic purpura and intractable diarrhea. We detected an autoantibody to the AIE-related 75 kDa antigen (AIE-75), a hallmark of the IPEX syndrome, in her serum. She responded well to a medium dose of prednisolone and a controlled dose of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), even after the cessation of prednisolone administration. Serum levels of the soluble interleukin-2 receptor and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were useful in monitoring disease activity during 6-MP therapy. In conclusion, autoimmune-mediated mechanisms, similar to the IPEX syndrome, may be involved in the development of enteropathy in CTLA4 haploinsufficiency. Treatment with 6-MP and monitoring of disease activity using serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor and IgG is suggested for such cases.

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Engineering nanoparticle therapeutics for food allergy
Laila M. Rad, Gabriel Arellano, Joseph R. Podojil, Jessica J. O’Konek, Lonnie D. Shea, Stephen D. Miller
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.2024; 153(3): 549. CrossRef
Understanding the Spectrum of Immune Dysregulation Manifestations in Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome and Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome-like Disorders
Christopher Failing, Jennifer R. Blase, Kelly Walkovich
Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America.2023; 49(4): 841. CrossRef
Severe Immune-Related Enteritis after In Utero Exposure to Pembrolizumab
Manuel A. Baarslag, Joosje H. Heimovaara, Jessica S.W. Borgers, Koen J. van Aerde, Hans J.P.M. Koenen, Ruben L. Smeets, Pauline L.M. Buitelaar, Dick Pluim, Shoko Vos, Stefanie S.V. Henriet, Jan Willem B. de Groot, Martine van Grotel, Hilde Rosing, Jos H.
New England Journal of Medicine.2023; 389(19): 1790. CrossRef
Clinical Courses of IKAROS and CTLA4 Deficiencies: A Systematic Literature Review and Retrospective Longitudinal Study
Akihiro Hoshino, Etsushi Toyofuku, Noriko Mitsuiki, Motoi Yamashita, Keisuke Okamoto, Michio Yamamoto, Kenji Kanda, Genki Yamato, Dai Keino, Yuri Yoshimoto-Suzuki, Junji Kamizono, Yasuhiro Onoe, Takuya Ichimura, Mika Nagao, Masaru Yoshimura, Koji Tsugawa,
Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Treg specialization and functions beyond immune suppression
Jillian L Astarita, Claudia X Dominguez, Corey Tan, Jovanny Guillen, Mariela L Pauli, Rosario Labastida, Jose Valle, Melanie Kleinschek, Jesse Lyons, Ali A Zarrin
Clinical and Experimental Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Hydroxyurea associated ileocecal valve ulcer: evidence for causality: Thevaraajan Jayaraman, Ruveena Bhavani Rajaram, Gin Gin Gan, Ida Hilmi; Intest Res 2021;19(4):468-471. Published online December 1, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00099

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Hydroxyurea is an antimetabolite drug that is commonly used in many hematological disorders. Ulcer formation in the gastrointestinal tract is a rare phenomenon associated with this drug. We report a case of a 73-year-old woman who was found to have an isolated ileocecal valve ulcer while on hydroxyurea 1 g daily for essential thrombocythemia. A comprehensive evaluation ruled out all other causes. The cytoreductive therapy was switched to anagrelide and the endoscopic evaluation 6 months later showed complete healing of the ulcer. However, the hydroxyurea was resumed due to increasing platelet counts and intolerance to dose increments of the anagrelide. Subsequently, the patient was found to have a recurrence of the ulcer. Apart from oral ulcers, there have also been reports of ulcers involving the small bowel and the colon associated with the use of hydroxyurea. The pathophysiology of the non-oral gastrointestinal ulceration in relation to this drug is unclear. Withdrawal of the drug typically leads to complete resolution. Increasing awareness of the rare association between the use of hydroxyurea and nonoral gastrointestinal ulcers is essential for early detection to prevent related complications.

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Repairing of recurrent leg ulcer induced by hydroxyurea with posterior tibial artery perforator propeller flap: Case report
Zheng-Dong Wan, Wu-Zhou Li
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2024; 114: 109049. CrossRef
Esophageal and Ileal Ulcers Caused by Hydroxycarbamide: A Case Report and Literature Review
Takumi Inaba, Yu Yamamoto, Kaho Hirayama, Takuma Kobayashi, Naoto Izumi, Hirotsugu Sakamoto, Shuji Hatakeyama, Masami Matsumura
Internal Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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An elderly woman with severe enteritis mimicking infectious enteritis: Kazunori Nagashima, Takashi Kato, Taichi Kimura, Kazuma Kishi, Urara Baba; Intest Res 2021;19(4):482-484. Published online July 3, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00038

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Melatonin in the colon modulates intestinal microbiota in response to stress and sleep deprivation: Young Sook Park, Soo Hyung Kim, Jong Won Park, Younglim Kho, Pu Rum Seok, Jae-Ho Shin, Yoon Ji Choi, Jin-Hyun Jun, Hee Chan Jung, Eun Kyung Kim; Intest Res 2020;18(3):325-336. Published online June 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.00093

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Background/Aims
Stress is closely related to the deterioration of digestive disease. Melatonin has potent anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of water stress (WS) and sleep deprivation (SD) on intestinal microbiota and roles of melatonin in stressful condition.
Methods
We used C57BL/6 mice and specially designed water bath for stress and SD for 10 days. We measured melatonin concentrations in serum, feces, and colon tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography. Genomic DNA was extracted from feces and amplified using primers targeting V3 to V4 regions of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes.
Results
Compared to the control, melatonin concentration was lower in the WS and SD. Fecal concentration was 0.132 pg/mL in control, 0.062 pg/mL in WS, and 0.068 pg/mL in SD. In colon tissue, it was 0.45 pg/mL in control, 0.007 pg/mL in WS, and 0.03 pg/mL in SD. After melatonin treatment, melatonin concentrations in feces and colon tissue were recovered to the level of control. Metagenomic analysis of microbiota showed abundance in colitogenic microbiota in WS and SD. Melatonin injection attenuated this harmful effect. WS and SD showed decreased Lactobacillales and increased Erysipelotrichales and Enterobacteriales. Melatonin treatment increased Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacillus and decreased Bacteroides massiliensis and Erysipelotrichaceae.
Conclusions
This study showed that stress and SD could affect intestinal dysbiosis and increase colitogenic microbiota, which could contribute to the aggravating digestive disease. Melatonin concentrations in feces and colon tissue decreased under WS and SD. Melatonin treatment brought recovery of melatonin concentration in colon tissue and modulating dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota.

Citations

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The use of melatonin in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials
D. S. Mironov, I. A. Spirin, T. N. Trubeckaya, N. S. Shitova, V. A. Postoev
Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology.2024; (9): 168. CrossRef
Advances in molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for central nervous system diseases based on gut microbiota imbalance
Wei Tao, Yanren Zhang, Bingbin Wang, Saiqun Nie, Li Fang, Jian Xiao, Yanqing Wu
Journal of Advanced Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Mechanism of Action of Melatonin as a Potential Adjuvant Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer
Abdo Jurjus, Jad El Masri, Maya Ghazi, Lemir Majed El Ayoubi, Lara Soueid, Alice Gerges Geagea, Rosalyn Jurjus
Nutrients.2024; 16(8): 1236. CrossRef
Association between sleep disorders and constipation Risk: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis
Minhui Tian, Yongfu Song, Yan Guo, Tongwei Jiang
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience.2024; 126: 12. CrossRef
Melatonin and gut microbiome
N. E. Garashchenko, N. V. Semenova, L. I. Kolesnikova
Acta Biomedica Scientifica.2024; 9(2): 12. CrossRef
Insights into the Mechanisms of Action of Akkermansia muciniphila in the Treatment of Non-Communicable Diseases
Honorata Mruk-Mazurkiewicz, Monika Kulaszyńska, Wiktoria Czarnecka, Albert Podkówka, Natalia Ekstedt, Piotr Zawodny, Anna Wierzbicka-Woś, Wojciech Marlicz, Błażej Skupin, Ewa Stachowska, Igor Łoniewski, Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
Nutrients.2024; 16(11): 1695. CrossRef
Sleep Deprivation Induces Gut Damage via Ferroptosis
Zi‐Jian Zheng, Hai‐Yi Zhang, Ya‐Lin Hu, Yan Li, Zhi‐Hong Wu, Zhi‐Peng Li, Dong‐Rui Chen, Yang Luo, Xiao‐Jing Zhang, Cang Li, Xiao‐Yu Wang, Dan Xu, Wei Qiu, Hong‐Ping Li, Xiao‐Ping Liao, Hao Ren, Jian Sun
Journal of Pineal Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Enhanced cerebral blood flow similarity of the somatomotor network in chronic insomnia: Transcriptomic decoding, gut microbial signatures and phenotypic roles
Xiaofen Ma, Junle Li, Yuping Yang, Xiaofan Qiu, Jintao Sheng, Ningke Han, Changwen Wu, Guang Xu, Guihua Jiang, Junzhang Tian, Xuchu Weng, Jinhui Wang
NeuroImage.2024; 297: 120762. CrossRef
Modifications in the Composition of the Gut Microbiota in Rats Induced by Chronic Sleep Deprivation: Potential Relation to Mental Disorders
Li-Ming Zheng, Yan Li
Nature and Science of Sleep.2024; Volume 16: 1313. CrossRef
Melatonin feeding changed the microbial diversity and metabolism of the broiler cecum
Li Zhen, Yi Huang, Xuewen Bi, Anyu Gao, Linlin Peng, Yong Chen
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The role of the probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila in brain functions: insights underpinning therapeutic potential
Ruiling Xu, Yuxuan Zhang, Shurui Chen, Yaohui Zeng, Xuan Fu, Ti Chen, Shilin Luo, Xiaojie Zhang
Critical Reviews in Microbiology.2023; 49(2): 151. CrossRef
The relationship between gut microbiota and inflammatory response, learning and memory in mice by sleep deprivation
Mengjie Zhang, Mengying Zhang, Guangning Kou, Yan Li
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Brian Bicknell, Ann Liebert, Thomas Borody, Geoffrey Herkes, Craig McLachlan, Hosen Kiat
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J. A. Boutin, D. J. Kennaway, R. Jockers
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Fenghua Zhang, Dali Wang
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Maria Fernanda Naufel, Giselle de Martin Truzzi, Caroline Marcantonio Ferreira, Fernando Morgadinho Santos Coelho
Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria.2023; 81(07): 670. CrossRef
Akkermansia muciniphila in neuropsychiatric disorders: friend or foe?
Wenhui Lei, Yiwen Cheng, Jie Gao, Xia Liu, Li Shao, Qingming Kong, Nengneng Zheng, Zongxin Ling, Weiming Hu
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Hongyu Chen, Chen Wang, Junying Bai, Jiajia Song, Linli Bu, Ming Liang, Huayi Suo
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Yanping Wang, Weihong Du, Xiaoyan Hu, Xin Yu, Chun Guo, Xinchun Jin, Wei Wang
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David J. Kennaway
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Qing Tao, Jinhua Zhang, Qiao liang, Shiyu Song, Shuxia Wang, Xiaoming Yao, Qian Gao, Lei Wang
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Protective and therapeutic potential of melatonin against intestinal diseases: updated review of current data based on molecular mechanisms
Saeed Mehrzadi, Mohammad Sheibani, Fereshteh Koosha, Nazila Alinaghian, Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh, Seid Amir Pasha Tabaeian, Russel J. Reiter, Azam Hosseinzadeh
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Bingcong Li, Yin-Ru Hsieh, Wen-De Lai, Te-Hsuan Tung, Yu-Xuan Chen, Chia-Hui Yang, Yu-Chiao Fang, Shih-Yi Huang
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(23): 16820. CrossRef
Melatonin as a Mediator of the Gut Microbiota–Host Interaction: Implications for Health and Disease
María-Ángeles Bonmatí-Carrión, Maria-Angeles Rol
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Administration of Aspergillus oryzae suppresses DSS-induced colitis
Ryo Nomura, Sho Tsuzuki, Takaaki Kojima, Mao Nagasawa, Yusuke Sato, Masayoshi Uefune, Yasunori Baba, Toshiya Hayashi, Hideo Nakano, Masashi Kato, Motoyuki Shimizu
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The interplay between sleep and gut microbiota
Mengqi Han, Shiying Yuan, Jiancheng Zhang
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Melatonin Mitigates Oxazolone-Induced Colitis in Microbiota-Dependent Manner
Zi-xiao Zhao, Xi Yuan, Yan-yan Cui, Jun Liu, Jing Shen, Bi-ying Jin, Bing-cheng Feng, Yun-jiao Zhai, Meng-qi Zheng, Guan-jun Kou, Ru-chen Zhou, Li-xiang Li, Xiu-li Zuo, Shi-yang Li, Yan-qing Li
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Human Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Reduces the Susceptibility to Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Germ-Free Mouse Colitis
Yapeng Yang, Xiaojiao Zheng, Yuqing Wang, Xiang Tan, Huicong Zou, Shuaifei Feng, Hang Zhang, Zeyue Zhang, Jinhui He, Bota Cui, Xueying Zhang, Zhifeng Wu, Miaomiao Dong, Wei Cheng, Shiyu Tao, Hong Wei
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Circadian Rhythms and Melatonin Metabolism in Patients With Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactions
Sophie Fowler, Emily C. Hoedt, Nicholas J. Talley, Simon Keely, Grace L. Burns
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Sleep Deficiency Is Associated With Exacerbation of Symptoms and Impairment of Anorectal and Autonomic Functions in Patients With Functional Constipation
Jie Liu, Wei Wang, Jiashuang Tian, Chaolan Lv, Yuhan Fu, Ronnie Fass, Gengqing Song, Yue Yu
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The melatonergic agonist agomelatine ameliorates high fat diet-induced obesity in mice through the modulation of the gut microbiome
Patricia Diez-Echave, Teresa Vezza, Francesca Algieri, Antonio Jesús Ruiz-Malagón, Laura Hidalgo-García, Federico García, Rocío Morón, Manuel Sánchez, Marta Toral, Miguel Romero, Juan Duarte, José Garrido-Mesa, María Elena Rodríguez-Cabezas, Alba Rodrígue
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2022; 153: 113445. CrossRef
Melatonin protects against body weight gain induced by sleep deprivation in mice
Shuang Hu, Xuan Liu, Yuefan Wang, Rong Zhang, Shougang Wei
Physiology & Behavior.2022; 257: 113975. CrossRef
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Deanna M. Minich, Melanie Henning, Catherine Darley, Mona Fahoum, Corey B. Schuler, James Frame
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Intestinal microbiota and melatonin in the treatment of secondary injury and complications after spinal cord injury
Yiwen Zhang, Rui Lang, Shunyu Guo, Xiaoqin Luo, Huiting Li, Cencen Liu, Wei Dong, Changshun Bao, Yang Yu
Frontiers in Neuroscience.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Melatonin–Microbiome Two-Sided Interaction in Dysbiosis-Associated Conditions
Mara Ioana Iesanu, Carmen Denise Mihaela Zahiu, Ioana-Alexandra Dogaru, Diana Maria Chitimus, Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru, Suzana Elena Voiculescu, Sebastian Isac, Felicia Galos, Bogdan Pavel, Siobhain M. O’Mahony, Ana-Maria Zagrean
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Bloating in a supine position: Akira Hokama, Yasuka Nakada, Aki Yanagida, Erika Koga, Kunikazu Hoshino, Jiro Fujita; Intest Res 2021;19(2):252-253. Published online June 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00019

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Patients with celiac disease are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome and fatty liver: Ashish Agarwal, Alka Singh, Wajiha Mehtab, Vipin Gupta, Ashish Chauhan, Mahendra Singh Rajput, Namrata Singh, Vineet Ahuja, Govind K. Makharia; Intest Res 2021;19(1):106-114. Published online April 22, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.00136

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Background/Aims
Gluten-free diet has an excess of fats and simple sugars and puts patients with celiac disease at risk of metabolic complications including metabolic syndrome and fatty liver. We assessed prevalence of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver in two cohorts of celiac disease.
Methods
Study was done in 2 groups. In group 1, 54 treatment naïve patients with celiac disease were recruited. Of them, 44 returned after 1-year of gluten-free diet and were reassessed. In group 2, 130 celiac disease patients on gluten-free diet for ≥1 year were recruited. All patients were assessed for anthropometric and metabolic parameters and fatty liver. Metabolic syndrome was defined as per consensus definition for Asian Indians. Fatty liver was defined as controlled attenuation parameter value >263 decibels by FibroScan.
Results
In group 1, of 44 treatment naïve patients with celiac disease, metabolic syndrome was present in 5 patients (11.4%) at baseline and 9 (18.2%) after 1 year of gluten-free diet. Patients having fatty liver increased from 6 patients (14.3%) at baseline to 13 (29.5%) after 1year of gluten-free diet (P=0.002). In group 2, of 130 patients with celiac disease on gluten-free diet for a median duration of 4 years, 30 out of 114 (26.3%) and 30 out of 130 patients (23%) had metabolic syndrome and fatty liver, respectively.
Conclusions
Patients with celiac disease are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome and fatty liver, which increases further with gluten-free diet. These patients should be assessed for nutritional and metabolic features and counseled about balanced diet and physical activity regularly.

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Clinical profile and outcomes of opioid abuse gastroenteropathy: an underdiagnosed disease entity: Ramit Mahajan, Yogesh Gupta, Arshdeep Singh, Pulkit Dhiman, Vandana Midha, Chandan Kakkar, Vikram Narang, Varun Mehta, Kavita Saggar, Ajit Sood; Intest Res 2020;18(2):238-244. Published online February 25, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.00104

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Background/Aims
Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction includes nausea, vomiting, constipation and abdominal distension. We describe patients presenting with gastrointestinal (GI) ulcers and ulcerated strictures secondary to opioid abuse, an entity not well described in literature.
Methods
This retrospective observational study included patients with opioid abuse gastroenteropathy presenting to Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India between January 2013 and December 2018. Opioid abuse gastroenteropathy was defined as gastric or small bowel ulcers and ulcerated strictures in patients abusing opioids, where all other possible etiologies of GI ulcers/strictures were excluded. Clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, radiological and histological parameters as well as response to treatment were assessed.
Results
During the study period, 20 patients (mean age, 38.5±14.2 years; 100% males) were diagnosed to have opioid induced GI ulcers and/or ulcerated strictures. The mean duration of opioid consumption was 6.2±3.4 years. The mean duration of symptoms at presentation was 222.1±392.3 days. Thirteen patients (65%) had gastroduodenal involvement, 6 (30%) had a jejunoileal disease and 1 (5%) had an ileocecal stricture. Two patients (10%) presented with upper GI bleeding, 11 (55%) had features of gastric outlet obstruction and 7 (35%) presented with small bowel obstruction. Abdominal pain and iron deficiency anemia were the most common presentations. Only 1 patient (5%) responded to proton pump inhibitors, 3 (15%) had a lasting response to endoscopic balloon dilatation, while all other (80%) required surgical intervention.
Conclusions
Opioid abuse gastroenteropathy presents as ulcers and ulcerated strictures which respond poorly to medical management and endoscopic balloon dilatation. A majority of these cases need surgical intervention.

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Vegetarianism as a protective factor for asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis in Asians: a retrospective cross-sectional and case-control study: Jihun Bong, Hyoun Woo Kang, Hyeki Cho, Ji Hyung Nam, Dong Kee Jang, Jae Hak Kim, Jun Kyu Lee, Yun Jeong Lim, Moon-Soo Koh, Jin Ho Lee; Intest Res 2020;18(1):121-129. Published online November 1, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.00106

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Background/Aims
Dietary fiber intake is considered a protective factor for diverticular disease such as diverticulitis. However, evidence for an inverse connection between dietary fiber consumption and asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis is lacking. Specifically, few studies have investigated this subject in Asians with different presentations of diverticulosis. Therefore, we assessed the protective effects of a vegetarian diet for asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis in Buddhist monks who are obligatory vegetarians for spiritual reasons compared with the general population.
Methods
A retrospective, cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted in age- and sex-matched Buddhist monks and the general population who underwent colonoscopy for screening at a Korean health promotion center from August 2005 to June 2018. We compared the prevalence of asymptomatic diverticulosis between the 2 groups using a self-administered questionnaire.
Results
In this study, a total of 1,316 individuals were included (Buddhist monks of 658 and general population of 658) with a mean age of 52.6±9.5 years. The prevalence of asymptomatic diverticulosis in Buddhist monks was lower compared with the general population (6.7% [44/658] vs. 10.8% [71/658], P=0.008). Buddhist monks had a higher rate of high body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome. By a multivariate regression analysis model, a nonvegetarian diet (odds ratio [OR], 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–2.72, P=0.004), old age (OR, 4.53; 95% CI, 1.36–15.12; P=0.014), male sex (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.28–2.85; P=0.002), and a high BMI (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.01–2.23; P=0.047) were independent predictors of asymptomatic diverticulosis. Moreover, a nonvegetarian diet was associated with both right-sided and left-sided diverticulosis.
Conclusions
A nonvegetarian diet may increase a risk of asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis in Asians.

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Primary epiploic appendagitis: compared with diverticulitis and focused on obesity and recurrence: Youn I Choi, Hyun Sun Woo, Jun-Won Chung, Young Sup Shim, Kwang An Kwon, Kyoung Oh Kim, Yoon Jae Kim, Dong Kyun Park; Intest Res 2019;17(4):554-560. Published online October 14, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00148

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Background/Aims
There is limited data to compare the clinical characteristics and recurrence rates between left-sided primary epiploic appendagitis (PEA) versus left-sided acute colonic diverticulitis (ACD), and right-sided PEA versus right-sided ACD, respectively.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and radiologic images of the patients who presented with left-sided or right-sided acute abdominal pain and had computer tomography performed at the time of presentation showing radiological signs of PEA or ACD between January 2004 and December 2014. We compared the clinical characteristics of left PEA versus left ACD and right PEA versus right ACD, respectively.
Results
Fifty-six patients (left:right = 27:29) and 308 patients (left:right = 24:284) were diagnosed with symptomatic PEA and ACD, respectively. Left-sided PEA were statistically significantly younger (50.2 ± 15.4 years vs. 62.1 ± 15.8 years, P= 0.009), more obese (body mass index [BMI]: 26.3 ± 2.9 kg/m2 vs. 22.3 ± 3.1 kg/m2 , P< 0.001), and had more tendencies with normal or mildly elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (1.2 ± 1.3 mg/dL vs. 8.4 ± 7.9 mg/dL, P< 0.001) than patients with left-sided ACD. The discriminative function of age, BMI and CRP between left-sided PEA versus left-sided ACD was 0.71 (cutoff: age ≤ 59 years, sensitivity of 66.7%, specificity of 77.8%), 0.83 (cutoff: BMI > 24.5 kg/m2 , sensitivity of 80.0%, specificity of 80.0%) and 0.80 (cutoff: CRP < 1.8 mg/dL, sensitivity of 72.2%, specificity of 85.7%).
Conclusions
If patients with left lower quadrant abdominal pain are less than 60 years, obese (BMI > 24.5 kg/m2 ) with or without normal to mild elevated CRP levels (CRP < 1.8 mg/dL), it might be necessary for clinicians to suspect the diagnosis of PEA rather than ACD.

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Risk factors for severity of colonic diverticular hemorrhage: Ken Kinjo, Toshiyuki Matsui, Takashi Hisabe, Hiroshi Ishihara, Toshiki Kojima, Kenta Chuman, Shigeyoshi Yasukawa, Tsuyoshi Beppu, Akihiro Koga, Satoshi Ishikawa, Masahiro Kishi, Noritaka Takatsu, Fumihito Hirai, Kenshi Yao, Toshiharu Ueki, Masakazu Washio; Intest Res 2018;16(3):458-466. Published online July 27, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.16.3.458

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Background/Aims

Colonic diverticular hemorrhage (DH) was a rare disease until the 1990s, and its incidence has increased rapidly since 2000 in Japan. In recent years, colonic DH has been the most frequent cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB). Nearly all cases of DH are mild, with the bleeding often stopping spontaneously. Some cases, however, require surgery or arterial embolization. In this study, using a cohort at Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, we investigated factors associated with severe colonic DH.

Methods

Among patients with LGIB who underwent colonoscopy at our hospital between 1995 and 2013, DH was identified in 273 patients. Among them, 62 patients (22.7%) were defined as having severe colonic DH according to recurrence of bleeding in a short period, and/or the necessity of transfusion, arterial embolization, or surgery. We then evaluated risk factors for severe DH among DH patients in this retrospective cohort.

Results

Among the 273 patients with DH, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (odds ratio [OR], 2.801; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.164–6.742), Charlson Risk Index (CRI) ≥2 (OR, 3.336; 95% CI, 1.154–7.353), right-sided colonic DH (OR, 3.873; 95% CI, 1.554–9.653), and symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion (such as light-headedness, dizziness, or syncope) (OR, 2.926; 95% CI, 1.310–6.535) showed an increased risk of severe DH even after controlling for other factors.

Conclusions

Severe DH occurred in 23% of DH patients, and NSAID use, CRI ≥2, right-sided colonic DH, and symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion are suggested to be predictors of severe DH.

Citations

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Clinical Factors Associated with Severity of Colonic Diverticular Bleeding and Impact of Bleeding Site
Hirohito Amano, Takatsugu Yamamoto, Ken Ikusaka, Naoaki Aoki, Miyoko Sakurai, Taku Honda, Kyohei Maruyama, Hitoshi Aoyagi, Akari Isono, Koichiro Abe, Yoshinari Asaoka, Shinya Kodashima, Atsushi Tanaka
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(5): 1826. CrossRef
Effectiveness and Safety of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Neoplasm in Patients with High Charlson Comorbidity Index Score: A HASID Multicenter Study
Dong-Hyun Kim, Yong-Wook Jung, Byung-Chul Jin, Hyung-Hoon Oh, Hyo-Yeop Song, Seong-Jung Kim, Dae-Seong Myung, Sang-Wook Kim, Jun Lee, Geom-Seog Seo, Young-Eun Joo, Hyun-Soo Kim
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(19): 6255. CrossRef
Risk factors for patients hospitalized with recurrent colon diverticular bleeding: a single center experience
Hye-Su You, Dong Hyun Kim, Seo-Yeon Cho, Seon-Young Park, Chang Hwan Park, Hyun-Soo Kim, Sung Kyu Choi
Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Construction of a Model for Predicting the Severity of Diverticular Bleeding in an Elderly Population
Tomoyuki Okada, Tsuyoshi Mikamo, Ayana Nakashima, Atsushi Yanagitani, Kiwamu Tanaka, Hajime Isomoto
Internal Medicine.2022; 61(15): 2247. CrossRef
Diagnosis and Treatment of Colonic Diverticular Disease
You Sun Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 79(6): 233. CrossRef
Development and Validation of Predictive Assessment of Complicated Diverticulitis Score
Marcello Covino, Valerio Papa, Antonio Tursi, Benedetta Simeoni, Loris Riccardo Lopetuso, Lorenzo Maria Vetrone, Francesco Franceschi, Gianludovico Rapaccini, Antonio Gasbarrini, Alfredo Papa
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2021; 11(2): 80. CrossRef
Risk of Rebleeding in Patients with Small Bowel Vascular Lesions
Akira Harada, Takehiro Torisu, Shin Fujioka, Yuichiro Yoshida, Yasuharu Okamoto, Yuta Fuyuno, Atsushi Hirano, Junji Umeno, Kumiko Torisu, Tomohiko Moriyama, Motohiro Esaki, Takanari Kitazono
Internal Medicine.2021; 60(23): 3663. CrossRef
Vegetarianism as a protective factor for asymptomatic colonic diverticulosis in Asians: a retrospective cross-sectional and case-control study
Jihun Bong, Hyoun Woo Kang, Hyeki Cho, Ji Hyung Nam, Dong Kee Jang, Jae Hak Kim, Jun Kyu Lee, Yun Jeong Lim, Moon-Soo Koh, Jin Ho Lee
Intestinal Research.2020; 18(1): 121. CrossRef

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Efficacy and tolerability of methotrexate therapy for refractory intestinal Behçet's disease: a single center experience: Jihye Park, Jae Hee Cheon, Yehyun Park, Soo Jung Park, Tae Il Kim, Won Ho Kim; Intest Res 2018;16(2):315-318. Published online April 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.16.2.315

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Behçet's syndrome
Giacomo Emmi, Alessandra Bettiol, Gülen Hatemi, Domenico Prisco
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Yesim Ozguler, Sinem Nihal Esatoglu, Gulen Hatemi
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Treatment Options in Pediatric Behçet’s Disease
Teresa Giani, Angela Flavia Luppino, Giovanna Ferrara
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Advances in Management of Intestinal Behçet’s Disease: A Perspective From Gastroenterologists
Jae Hee Cheon
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Aida Malek Mahdavi, Alireza Khabbazi, Mehrzad Hajialilo
Modern Rheumatology.2021; 31(6): 1148. CrossRef
Lactobacillus plantarum CBT LP3 ameliorates colitis via modulating T cells in mice
Da Hye Kim, Soochan Kim, Jae Bum Ahn, Jae Hyeon Kim, Hyun Woo Ma, Dong Hyuk Seo, Xiumei Che, Ki Cheong Park, Jeong Yong Jeon, Sang Yong Kim, Han Cheol Lee, Jae-Young Lee, Tae Il Kim, Won Ho Kim, Seung Won Kim, Jae Hee Cheon
International Journal of Medical Microbiology.2020; 310(2): 151391. CrossRef
Successful combination therapy using adalimumab and 5-aminosalicylic acid for a resistant case of intestinal Behçet’s disease
H. J. Kim, K.‑t. Kim, S.-G. Lee, Y. Kim
Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie.2020; 79(7): 702. CrossRef
Safety of systemic treatments for Behçet’s syndrome
Giuseppe Lopalco, Donato Rigante, Antonio Lopalco, Giacomo Emmi, Vincenzo Venerito, Antonio Vitale, Giovanna Capozio, Nunzio Denora, Luca Cantarini, Florenzo Iannone
Expert Opinion on Drug Safety.2020; 19(10): 1269. CrossRef
Update on the treatment of Behçet’s syndrome
Sinem Nihal Esatoglu, Gulen Hatemi
Internal and Emergency Medicine.2019; 14(5): 661. CrossRef

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A simple phenotypic classification for celiac disease: Ajit Sood, Vandana Midha, Govind Makharia, B. K. Thelma, Shivalingappa S Halli, Varun Mehta, Ramit Mahajan, Vikram Narang, Kriti Sood, Kirandeep Kaur; Intest Res 2018;16(2):288-292. Published online April 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.16.2.288

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Background/Aims

Celiac disease is a global health problem. The presentation of celiac disease has unfolded over years and it is now known that it can manifest at different ages, has varied presentations, and is prone to develop complications, if not managed properly. Although the Oslo definitions provide consensus on the various terminologies used in literature, there is no phenotypic classification providing a composite diagnosis for the disease.

Methods

Various variables identified for phenotypic classification included age at diagnosis, age at onset of symptoms, clinical presentation, family history and complications. These were applied to the existing registry of 1,664 patients at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India. In addition, age was evaluated as below 15 and below 18 years. Cross tabulations were used for the verification of the classification using the existing data. Expert opinion was sought from both international and national experts of varying fields.

Results

After empirical verification, age at diagnosis was considered appropriate in between A1 (<18) and A2 (≥18). The disease presentation has been classified into 3 types–P1 (classical), P2 (non-classical) and P3 (asymptomatic). Complications were considered as absent (C0) or present (C1). A single phenotypic classification based on these 3 characteristics, namely age at the diagnosis, clinical presentation, and intestinal complications (APC classification) was derived.

Conclusions

APC classification (age at diagnosis, presentation, complications) is a simple disease explanatory classification for patients with celiac disease aimed at providing a composite diagnosis.

Citations

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Clinicopathologic Analysis of Malabsorption Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Center in South India
Nidhya Ganesan, S. Shrinnivi, R. Shivani, R. K. Kartikayan
Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth.2024; 17(3): 616. CrossRef
Prevalence of haplotype DQ2/DQ8 and celiac disease in children with type 1 diabetes
Agnieszka Zubkiewicz-Kucharska, Tatiana Jamer, Joanna Chrzanowska, Katarzyna Akutko, Tomasz Pytrus, Andrzej Stawarski, Anna Noczyńska
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Celiac crisis, a rare occurrence in adult celiac disease: A systematic review
Daniel Vasile Balaban, Alina Dima, Ciprian Jurcut, Alina Popp, Mariana Jinga
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2019; 7(3): 311. CrossRef
The spectrum of clinical and subclinical endocrinopathies in treatment-naïve patients with celiac disease
Vipin Gupta, Alka Singh, Rajesh Khadgawat, Ashish Agarwal, Asif Iqbal, Wajiha Mehtab, P.K. Chaturvedi, Vineet Ahuja, Govind K. Makharia
Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.2019; 38(6): 518. CrossRef

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