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- Original Article Thirty-day mortality after percutaneous gastrostomy by endoscopic versus radiologic placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Joo Hyun Lim, Seung Ho Choi, Changhyun Lee, Ji Yeon Seo, Hae Yeon Kang, Jong In Yang, Su Jin Chung, Joo Sung Kim
-
Intestinal Research 2016;14(4):333-342.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2016.14.4.333
Published online: October 17, 2016
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- Correspondence to Changhyun Lee, Department of Internal Medicine and Healthcare Research Institute, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06236, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2112-5578, Fax: +82-2-2112-5635, mdchlee@gmail.com
- *These authors contributed equally to this study.
• Received: December 18, 2015 • Revised: February 10, 2016 • Accepted: February 22, 2016
© Copyright 2016. Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases. All rights reserved.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Fig. 1 Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses diagram of the included articles.
Fig. 2 Forest plot of 30-day mortality after gastrostomy tube insertion. (A) Fixed effect model. (B) Random effect model.
Fig. 3 Funnel plot of 30-day mortality after gastrostomy tube insertion.
Fig. 4 Subgroup analysis of patients with motor neuron disease. (A) Forest plot of 30-day mortality after gastrostomy tube insertion. (B) Funnel plot of 30-day mortality after gastrostomy tube insertion.
Fig. 5 Subgroup analysis in patients with head and neck cancer. (A) Forest plot of 30-day mortality after gastrostomy tube insertion. (B) Funnel plot of 30-day mortality after gastrostomy tube insertion.
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Thirty-day mortality after percutaneous gastrostomy by endoscopic versus radiologic placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Characteristics of Trials Included in the Meta-Analysis
| Author (year) | Country | Study type | Quality scorea | Underlying disease | Sample size | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PEG | RIG | |||||
| Lewis et al. (2014) | UK | Randomized controlled trial | 3/5 | Mixed | 34 | 31 |
| Hoffer et al. (1999) | USA | Randomized controlled trial | 2/5 | Mixed | 69 | 66 |
| ProGas Study Group (2015) | UK | Prospective | 22/24 | MND | 157 | 114 |
| Laskaratos et al. (2013) | UK | Retrospective | 20/24 | Mixed | 53 | 40 |
| Allen et al. (2013) | USA | Retrospective | 14/24 | MND | 57 | 51 |
| La Nauze et al. (2012) | Australia | Retrospective | 18/24 | Mixed | 80 | 97 |
| Rio et al. (2010) | UK | Retrospective | 17/24 | MND | 21 | 121 |
| Leeds et al. (2010) | UK | Prospective | 22/24 | Mixed | 233 | 170 |
| Blondet et al. (2010) | France | Retrospective | 18/24 | MND | 21 | 22 |
| Galaski et al. (2009) | Canada | Retrospective | 20/24 | Mixed | 30 | 44 |
| Eze et al. (2007) | UK | Retrospective | 17/24 | H&N | 44 | 15 |
| Silas et al. (2005) | USA | Retrospective | 18/24 | Mixed | 177 | 193 |
| Desport et al. (2005) | France | Prospective | 19/24 | MND | 30 | 20 |
| Neeff et al. (2003) | New Zealand | Retrospective | 17/24 | H&N | 56 | 18 |
| Wollman and D'Agostino (1997) | USA | Retrospective | 20/24 | Mixed | 79 | 46 |
aJadad score for randomized controlled trials, methodological index for nonrandomized studies (MINORS) score for nonrandomized comparative studies.
PEG, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; RIG, radiologically-inserted gastrostomy; MND, motor neuron disease; H&N, head and neck cancer.
Indications for Gastrostomy
| Author | H&N | Neurological impairmenta | Others | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PEG | RIG | PEG | RIG | PEG | RIG | PEG | RIG | |
| Lewis et al. | 4 | 7 | 20 | 20 | 4 | 1 | 34 | 31 |
| Hoffer et al. | 7 | 9 | 54 | 55 | 8 | 2 | 69 | 66 |
| ProGas Study Group | 0 | 0 | 157 | 114 | 0 | 0 | 157 | 114 |
| Laskaratos et al. | 8 | 9 | 34 | 21 | 11 | 10 | 53 | 40 |
| Allen et al. | 0 | 0 | 57 | 51 | 0 | 0 | 57 | 51 |
| La Nauze et al. | 16 | 31 | 48 | 54 | 15 | 16 | 80 | 97 |
| Rio et al. | 0 | 0 | 21 | 121 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 121 |
| Leeds et al. | 69 | 106 | 111 | 46 | 53 | 18 | 233 | 170 |
| Blondet et al. | 0 | 0 | 21 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 22 |
| Galaski et al. | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 30 | 44 |
| Eze et al. | 44 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | 15 |
| Silas et al. | 41 | 0134 | 89 | 37 | 47 | 22 | 177 | 193 |
| Desport et al. | 0 | 0 | 30 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 20 |
| Neeff et al. | 56 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 56 | 18 |
| Wollman and D'Agostino | 13 | 25 | 84 | 25 | 17 | 18 | 79 | 46 |
aNeurological impairment includes motor neuron disease, cerebrovascular disease, cerebral tumor, and cerebral trauma.
H&N, head and neck cancer; PEG, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; RIG, radiologically-inserted gastrostomy.
Thirty-Day Mortality Rate
| Author | 30-Day mortality | |
|---|---|---|
| PEG | RIG | |
| Lewis et al. | 2/34 | 2/31 |
| Hoffer et al. | 5/69 | 4/66 |
| ProGas Study Group | 5/163 | 4/121 |
| Laskaratos et al. | 6/53 | 14/40 |
| Allen et al. | 4/57 | 6/51 |
| La Nauze et al. | 3/80 | 5/97 |
| Rio et al. | 2/21 | 12/121 |
| Leeds et al. | 25/233 | 26/170 |
| Blondet et al. | 2/21 | 2/22 |
| Galaski et al. | 1/30 | 8/44 |
| Eze et al. | 1/44 | 5/15 |
| Silas et al. | 8/177 | 6/193 |
| Desport et al. | 4/30 | 2/20 |
| Neeff et al. | 3/56 | 6/18 |
| Wollman and D'Agostino | 8/79 | 4/46 |
PEG, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; RIG, radiologically-inserted gastrostomy.
Table 1 Characteristics of Trials Included in the Meta-Analysis
aJadad score for randomized controlled trials, methodological index for nonrandomized studies (MINORS) score for nonrandomized comparative studies. PEG, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; RIG, radiologically-inserted gastrostomy; MND, motor neuron disease; H&N, head and neck cancer.
Table 2 Indications for Gastrostomy
aNeurological impairment includes motor neuron disease, cerebrovascular disease, cerebral tumor, and cerebral trauma. H&N, head and neck cancer; PEG, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; RIG, radiologically-inserted gastrostomy.
Table 3 Thirty-Day Mortality Rate
PEG, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; RIG, radiologically-inserted gastrostomy.
