Epidemiological trend in inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015: a nationwide populationbased study

Hsu-Heng Yen; Meng-Tzu Weng; Chien-Chih Tung; Yu-Ting Wang; Yuan Ting Chang; Chin-Hao Chang; Ming-Jium Shieh; Jau-Min Wong; Shu-Chen Wei

doi:10.5217/ir.2018.00096

Articles

Page Path: HOME > Intest Res > Volume 17(1); 2019 > Article

Original Article Epidemiological trend in inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015: a nationwide populationbased study: Hsu-Heng Yen^1,2, Meng-Tzu Weng³, Chien-Chih Tung⁴, Yu-Ting Wang⁵, Yuan Ting Chang⁶, Chin-Hao Chang^5,6, Ming-Jium Shieh⁷, Jau-Min Wong⁸, Shu-Chen Wei^1,9; Intestinal Research 2019;17(1):54-62.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00096
Published online: November 20, 2018

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan

²Department of Endoscopy Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan

³Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan

⁴Department of Integrated Diagnostics & Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

⁵Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

⁶Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

⁷Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan

⁸Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan

⁹Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Study Integrated Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

Correspondence to Shu-Chen Wei, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Study Integrated Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan. Tel: +886-23123456 (ext. 65768), Fax: +886-23947927, E-mail: shuchenwei@ntu.edu.tw

• Received: June 27, 2018 • Revised: October 6, 2018 • Accepted: October 6, 2018

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

prev next

17,043 Views
532 Download
121 Web of Science
116 Crossref
118 Scopus

Full Article

Download PDF

Abstract
INTRODUCTION
METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
NOTES
Acknowledgments
REFERENCES

Abstract

Background/Aims
Incidences of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn’s disease (CD), have been increasing in Asia. In this study, we report the relevant clinical characteristics and determined the epidemiological trend of IBD in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted to analyze data recorded from January 2001 through December 2015 in the registered database compiled by the National Health Insurance and provided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan.
Results
A total of 3,806 patients with catastrophic IBD illness were registered from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan (CD, 919; UC, 2,887). The crude incidence of CD increased from 0.17/100,000 in 2001 to 0.47/100,000 in 2015, whereas that of UC increased from 0.54/100,000 in 2001 to 0.95/100,000 in 2015. The prevalence of CD increased from 0.6/100,000 in 2001 to 3.9/100,000 in 2015, whereas that of UC increased from 2.1/100,000 in 2001 to 12.8/100,000 in 2015. The male-to-female ratio in the study sample was 2.19 for CD and 1.62 for UC. The median age of those registered with CD was lower than that of those registered for UC: 38.86 and 44.86 years, respectively. A significantly greater increase in CD incidence rate was identified among 20 to 39-year-old compared with other age groups.
Conclusions
Using Taiwan’s nationwide insurance database, we determined that the number of patients with CD increased more rapidly during the study period than the number of patients with UC, especially among age 20 to 39-year-old, resulting in a decreased UC-to-CD ratio.
Keywords: Crohn disease; Colitis, ulcerative; Incidence; Prevalence; Taiwan

INTRODUCTION

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including CD and UC, are common chronic GI diseases in Western countries [1-4]. IBD has been increasing in both incidence and prevalence in many newly industrialized countries since the beginning of the 21st century [1,3,5-8]. The reason for the global increase in this initially Western-prevalent disease has not been established but is most likely related to environment factors, including improved hygiene, civilization, and the spread of Western lifestyles and diets [1].

Longitudinal studies of Western populations performed within the past 50 years have revealed a pattern of initial increases in UC incidence, followed by increases in CD incidence at various intervals over the specified decades [3,9]. For example, a study in Denmark [10] reported a steady increase in CD incidence but stable UC incidence from 1981 to 1992. In Japan, which was one of the first among Eastern countries to adopt aspects of Western lifestyles, researchers reported a rapid rise of the incidence rate of UC beginning in 1970, with a peak in in 1974, followed by a peak in the CD incidence rate in 1979 [11]. This trend was also observed in other low-incidence Asian countries such as Hong Kong (from 8.94 in 1981–1985 to 1.03 in 2011–2014) [12], South Korea (from 6.8 in 1986–1990 to 2.3 in 2001–2005) [13], and Malaysia (from 8:1 in 1990–2000 to 3.6:1 in 2000–2010) [14].

Western studies have reported that CD and UC are more prevalent among female patients or that no intersex difference exists [15]. By contrast, the data from our study as well as reports from other Asian countries have indicated that IBDs, especially CD, are more prevalent among male patients [5]. Although the exact reason for these disparate patterns is unknown, a difference in genetic background between Asian and Western populations [16] may be a contributing factor, and the male-preference culture in Asian countries may lead to differences for male and female babies regarding breastfeeding, antibiotic use in childhood, and subsequent development of IBDs [17].

In Taiwan, the first case of IBD was diagnosed in 1969 as UC at the National Taiwan University Hospital [18]; however, no reliable nationwide descriptive epidemiology data [19] from the 20 century regarding IBD in Taiwan is available [5]. Since 1997, IBDs, including CD and UC, have been registered as catastrophic illnesses due to their potential to cause repeated admissions and their requirements for chronic, sensitive care. Accordingly, medical costs are covered by insurance for patients registered with relevant diagnoses. Submission of a clinical diagnosis, pathological report, and possibly endoscopic or radiologic image studies for formal review by experts is required to validate and register the patient’s diagnosis of CD or UC. In our previous study, we demonstrated that CD and UC increased in both incidence and prevalence in Taiwan from 1998 to 2008, according to the nationwide insurance registration data [5,8]. In this study, we used the same nationwide database and now provide an updated report on the incidence, prevalence, and epidemiological trend of IBD in Taiwanese patients since the beginning of the 21st century.

METHODS

1. Data Source and Ethical Considerations

Data from January 2001 to December 2015 were compiled for this nationwide population-based study of IBD. The National Health Insurance (NHI) is a compulsory program with coverage rate of 99.7% of the population in Taiwan. The NHI claims data provide clinical information including prescription, diagnoses, and hospitalizations for population-based epidemiologic research (https://dep.mohw.gov.tw/DOS). Under strict confidentiality guidelines and in accordance with personal electronic data protection regulations, the study population were obtained from NHI data (including Catastrophic Illness Patients Registry and Taiwan Cancer Registry), department of statistics of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan. The present study was approved by the Ethics Review Board of the National Taiwan University Hospital (IRB No. 201507018W) and informed consent was waived.

2. Patient Identification

The Ministry of Health and Welfare has classified UC and CD as catastrophic illnesses that require life-long treatment. Patients with a diagnosis of UC or CD generally submit relevant information (including their clinical information, imaging studies, endoscopic studies, and pathology reports) to the NHI program when applying for a catastrophic-illness certificate. After receiving the clinical information, the reviewers of the NHI approve the certification when the diagnosis meets the IBD diagnostic criteria [20,21]. We used diagnostic codes (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification 2001 edition) to retrieve the data of patients with IBDs (UC, 556.XX; CD, 555.XX) from the catastrophic-illnessregistration database. As described, the NHI claim database collects the medical records and information of each registered patient, including sex, date of birth, and date of catastrophic-illness registration.

3. Statistical Analyses

The characteristics of the studied group of patients with IBD, including year of registration, sex ratio, and age distribution, are described in this paper. Annual crude incidence and prevalence were defined as the number of newly diagnosed patients and number of patients with IBD per 100,000 persons per year, respectively. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). A P-value of less than 0.05 indicated statistical significance.

RESULTS

1. Incidence and Prevalence of IBD Increased Steadily from 2001 to 2015

A total of 3,806 patients with IBD were registered from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan. Among them, 919 were diagnosed with CD and 2,887 with UC (Table 1). As illustrated in Fig. 1, the crude incidence of CD increased from 0.17/100,000 in 2001 to 0.47/100,000 in 2015. The crude incidence of UC increased from 0.54/100,000 in 2001 to 0.95/100,000 in 2015. The joinpoint trend analysis for the general trends in patients diagnosed with IBD were significant from 2001 to 2015, with the annual percent change (APC) as 2.69. The trend of CD also increased significantly according to the joinpoint trend analysis from 2001 to 2015, with the APCs as 4.75 (2001–2010) and 15.92 (2010–2015); whereas they were insignificant of the trend for UC, since the APC value was 0.82 from 2001 to 2015. The crude prevalence of CD increased from 0.6/100,000 in 2001 to 3.9/100,000 in 2015. The crude prevalence of UC increased from 2.1/100,000 in 2001 to 12.8/100,000 in 2015 (Fig. 2).

The study period was arbitrarily divided into the 3 stages: 2001 to 2005; 2006 to 2010; and 2011 to 2015 (Table 2) for newly registered IBD. The overall incidence and prevalence of IBD significantly increased over the 3 stages. Additionally, both the incidence of CD (0.18/100,000, 0.22/100,000, and 0.39/100,000; P<0.0001) and prevalence of CD (0.84/100,000, 1.71/100,000, and 3.04/100,000; P<0.0001) increased significantly over the 3 stages (Table 3). Finally, although the difference was less significant, the incidence of UC (0.79/100,000, 0.94/100,000, and 0.79/100,000; P<0.0001) and prevalence of UC (3.70/100,000, 7.68/100,000, and 11.36/100,000; P<0.0001) also increased significantly over the 3 stages (Table 4).

To clarify the possible factors that contributed to this change, we grouped the patients with CD according to age, and we then discovered that the increase in CD was mostly concentrated in individuals aged 20 to 39 years (Fig. 3).

2. UC-to-CD Incidence Ratio Decreased from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan

We then compared the incidence ratio of UC to CD (Fig. 4) from 2001 to 2015 and determined that it significantly decreased from 4.32 to 4.17 and finally to 2.03 across the 3 stages.

3. Sex and Age Distribution Trends

A male-predominant pattern for IBD in Taiwan, and more so for CD than for UC, was evident across all 3 stages. The overall male-to-female ratio was 2.19 for CD and 1.62 for UC. The male-to-female ratios of CD and UC were steady over the 3 stages from 2001 to 2015 (Fig. 5).

The mean ages of registration for IBD, CD, and UC from 2001 to 2015 were 43.29, 37.95, and 44.94 years, respectively. No significant change was evident regarding the median ages of patients at registration for IBD, CD, and UC over the 3 stages. To identify which subpopulations exhibited the most significant increases in CD and UC registrations during the study period, we compared the incidence of CD and UC in 4 age groups ( ≤ 19, 20–39, 40–59, and ≥ 60 years) from 2001 to 2015. We identified a significantly greater increase in the incidence rate among the 20 to 39 years group (P<0.0001) compared with the other age groups (Fig. 6).

DISCUSSION

Analyzing data from the nationwide insurance registration system, we demonstrated that the incidence and prevalence of IBD increased steadily from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan. Globally, the incidence level of IBD is highest in Western countries, with annual rates as high as 24.3 people per 100,000 for UC and 29.3 people per 100,000 for CD [1,2,7]. The present study revealed that the incidence rates of UC (0.95/100,000) and CD (0.47/100,000) have been increasing in Taiwan since the beginning of the 21st century. The incidence rates in Taiwan are low compared with those in Japan, South Korea [19], and Hong Kong [7,12] but are similar to those in other Asian countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand [1]. Differences in degree of urbanization and socioeconomic status among the populations of these regions may have contributed to the described variation [5]. In the present study, incidence levels may have been underestimated, because we used relatively stringent criteria for analysis. In studies of other countries, most incidence and prevalence levels have been calculated using clinical-diagnosis data only. By contrast, incidence and prevalence levels in this study were based on numbers of patients who had completed catastrophic-illness registration, which requires clinical records, endoscopic images, and pathology results.

In this study, we first demonstrated a decrease in the UC-to-CD incidence ratio in Taiwan. Decreases have also been observed in other low-incidence Asian countries such as Hong Kong (from 8.94 in 1981–1985 to 1.03 in 2011–2014) [12], South Korea (from 6.8 in 1986–1990 to 2.3 in 2001–2005) [13], and Malaysia (from 8:1 in 1990–2000 to 3.6:1 in 2000–2010) [14]. By contrast, the UC-to-CD ratio has remained steady in Western countries (Fig. 7) [9,12,13,19,22-24]. Consistent with other studies from developing countries, we demonstrated that UC remains the predominant IBD in Asia and is twice as common as CD. Historically, the incidence of UC has usually increased first, followed by that of CD [2]. For instance, a study conducted in Denmark [10] revealed a steady increase in CD incidence alongside a stable UC incidence from 1981 to 1992. In Japan, the incidence rate of UC peaked in 1974 whereas that of CD peaked in 1979 [11]. A similar trend was observed in the present study: in Taiwan, UC-to-CD ratio significantly decreased during the study period, from 4.32 (2001–2005) to 4.17 (2006–2010) to 2.03 (2011–2015).

The reason for the catch-up of CD incidence between Taiwan and countries with higher incidence levels is not clear, but the trend may reflect common risk factors for CD and UC among various populations, such as improved social economic status and diet. The time lag between increases in UC and CD incidences may imply that the pathogeneses of the diseases differ [12] or may reflect improvements in CD-diagnosis accuracy [9]. The diagnosis of UC is usually straightforward and based on endoscopic findings from sigmoidoscopy [20]. By contrast, the diagnosis of CD is more complex and sometimes requires multiple evaluations, including enteroscopic, pathologic, and radiologic evaluations [21]. We speculate that the improved endoscopic technology of the 21st century—that is, capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy [25]—may have enabled earlier diagnosis of CD. This phenomenon may partially explain the relatively steep increases in the CD incidence rate in most Asian countries in the 21st century [26].

In the present study, the most common age of registration of patients with CD was between 20 and 39 years, whereas that for UC was between 40 and 59 years. The mean age of patients registered with CD and UC was compared with that from reports conducted in other countries in Asia [20,21]. Although the results of the present study revealed that the median age of patient IBD registration did not significantly change during 2001 to 2015, a significant increase in the CD incidence rate was discovered among 20 to 39-year-old. Additionally, we found that the previously identified male predominance continued, with the male-to-female ratio not changing from 2001 to 2015.

Our findings may have several implications for medical practice in Taiwan as well as in other Asian countries with low IBD incidence. First, similar to the increased incidence of IBD, an increased incidence of colorectal cancer has been observed in Taiwan, and the need for colonoscopy screening has increased [27]. Thus, endoscopists must learn to diagnose colorectal neoplasm and IBD early to improve patient outcomes. Specifically, endoscopists with experience in IBD care must diagnose IBD early, differentiate among instances of IBD and infectious colitis, and help patients manage IBD-related complications. The Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (TSIBD) was founded in 2013 with the aim of improving awareness, quality of care, and outcomes for patients with IBD in Taiwan [20,21]. Second, the high cost of caring for patients with IBD combined with the increased incidence of IBD may have a considerable financial effect on the health care system [28]. The use of biologic therapy has been suggested to reduce requirements for surgery and hospitalization and to improve quality of life and work productivity among patients with IBD [29,30]. However, the Taiwan health insurance criteria for biologic-therapy coverage and coverage period are more stringent than those for most other countries discussed herein, such as Japan and South Korea [30]. Therefore, the TSIBD multicenter IBD registry study [31] was initiated to obtain precise data on IBD patient clinical information, disease phenotype, and treatment strategies and outcomes. These data may eventually prompt the health care system to cover more expenses for patients with TBD.

Some of the factors associated with IBD incidence may also be associated with changes in disease severity over time. For example, IBD in Western countries may still be more severe than in Asia. Analyzing the incidence trend of IBD may provide clues regarding IBD pathogenesis [3]. Policy planners and taxpayers should understand the global burden of IBD. Proof that IBD has a considerable disease burden may affect research funding allocated by national authorities.

This study has some intrinsic limitations from registration data. First, it is possible that a portion of IBD patients were not registered with catastrophic illness and not included in the current study. Second, our catastrophic illnesses registration permitted either UC or CD but not IBD-unclassified. Third, there was also no detail data regarding the disease location, activity, patterns of drugs used for patients included in this study. Fourth, there is no firm diagnostic criteria of UC and CD in Taiwan. The NHI reviewer usually give certification of IBD with reference to the Taiwan consensus for UC [20] and CD [21].

In conclusion, using Taiwan’s nationwide insurance database to identify patients with IBD, the present study revealed that the incidence and prevalence of IBD in Taiwan steadily increased from 2001 to 2015. The number of patients with CD increased more rapidly than that of patients with UC. Although the incidence of IBD remains low in Taiwan, the upward trend in CD incidence in Taiwan as well as other developed countries suggests that requirements for IBD care will be greater in the future.

NOTES

FINANCIAL SUPPORT

This work was supported by the National Taiwan University Hospital Research Program Ms160 (to JMW), 107-A139 (to SCW). and the Liver Disease Prevention and Treatment Research Foundation, Taiwan (to MTW and SCW).

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTION

Yen HH: data analysis and manuscript drafting; Weng MT, Tung CC, Shieh MJ, Wong JM: data analysis and drafting of the Results and Discussion sections; Wang YT, Chang YT, Chang CH: data and statistical analyses; Wei SC: study design, data collection, data analysis, and manuscript drafting.

Acknowledgments

We would like to express gratitude to the individuals associated with the Second Core Laboratory and the Integrated database of the Department of Medical Research of the National Taiwan University Hospital for technical assistance.

Fig. 1.

Incidence of IBD from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan.

Fig. 2.

Prevalence of IBD from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan.

Fig. 3.

Incidence rate ratio of UC to CD over time. Comparisons between stages 3 and 1 and stages 3 and 2 revealed significant differences. No significant difference was observed between stages 1 and 2. ^aComparison the UC/CD ratio between stages 1, 2, and 3.

Fig. 4.

Incidence of CD from 2001 to 2015 stratified by patient age.

Fig. 5.

Sex ratio (male to female) of patients with IBD in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015.

Fig. 6.

Age distribution of patients with CD and UC from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan.

Fig. 7.

Temporal trends in the UC-to-CD ratio from populationbased studies in Western and Asian countries. Data Sources: Hong Kong (1981–2014) [12], Canada (1996–2009) [22], Korea (2006–2012) [19], Korea (1986–2005) [13], Denmark (1980–2013) [23], Quebec (2001–2008) [24], the Faroe Islands (1960–2014) [9], Taiwan (2001–2015): present study.

Table 1.

The Incidence Rate of IBD, CD, and UC from 2001 to 2015

Year	Population	IBD		CD		UC
Year	Population	No.	IR	No.	IR	No.	IR
2001	22,341,120	160	0.72	39	0.17	121	0.54
2002	22,463,172	220	0.98	32	0.14	188	0.84
2003	22,562,663	233	1.03	41	0.18	192	0.85
2004	22,646,836	215	0.95	48	0.21	167	0.74
2005	22,729,753	263	1.16	45	0.20	218	0.96
2006	22,823,455	243	1.06	46	0.20	197	0.86
2007	22,917,444	231	1.01	43	0.19	188	0.82
2008	22,997,696	266	1.16	51	0.22	215	0.93
2009	23,078,402	296	1.28	61	0.26	235	1.02
2010	23,140,948	299	1.29	57	0.25	242	1.05
2011	23,193,518	205	0.88	55	0.24	150	0.65
2012	23,270,367	256	1.10	86	0.37	170	0.73
2013	23,344,670	278	1.19	86	0.37	192	0.82
2014	23,403,635	307	1.31	118	0.50	189	0.81
2015	23,462,914	334	1.42	111	0.47	223	0.95
Total		3,806		919		2,887

IR, incidence rate.

Table 2.

Clinical Features of Patients with Newly Registered IBD in 2001 to 2015

All IBD	Over all	Stage 1 (2001–2005)	Stage 2 (2006–2010)	Stage 3 (2011–2015)	P-value
No. of cases (UC/CD)	2,887/919	886/205	835/201	1,166/513	-
Age (yr)
Mean	43.29±16.58	43.98±17.00	43.46±16.22	42.74±16.62	0.1478
Median (Q1–Q3)	42 (31–54)	43 (32–55)	42 (32–54)	43 (30–55)
Age distribution					0.5689
<20	243 (6.38)	67 (6.14)	58 (5.60)	118 (7.03)
20–39	1,418 (37.26)	387 (35.47)	406 (39.19)	625 (37.22)
40–59	1,492 (39.2)	434 (39.78)	406 (39.19)	652 (38.83)
60–79	592 (15.55)	185 (16.96)	149 (14.38)	258 (15.37)
≥80	61 (1.60)	18 (1.65)	17 (1.64)	26 (1.55)
Male/female ratio	1.74	1.73	1.59	1.86	0.1663
Prevalence (1/100,000)	9.50	4.54	9.39	14.40	<0.0001
Incidence (1/100,000)	1.11	0.97	1.16	1.18	<0.0001

Values are presented as mean±SD, median (range), or number (%).

Table 3.

Clinical Features of Patients with CD in 2001 to 2015

CD	Over all	Stage 1 (2001–2005)	Stage 2 (2006–2010)	Stage 3 (2011–2015)	P-value
No. of cases	919	205	201	513	-
Age (yr)
Mean	37.95±18.41	37.83±19.94	38.52±18.34	38.03±17.93	0.9249
Median (Q1–Q3)	35 (24–50)	37 (23–51)	36 (25–50)	34 (25–50)
Peak age (top 5 age, %)
	25 (2.99)	0 (4.39)	25 (4.48)	30 (3.70)
	32 (2.89)	39 (3.90)	23 (3.98)	29 (3.12)
	29 (2.69)	20 (3.41)	18 (3.48)	27 (2.92)
	22 (2.59)	22 (3.41)	26 (3.48)	25 (2.73)
	30 (2.49)	37 (2.93)	33 (2.99)	31 (2.73)
Age groups					0.7740
<20	128 (13.93)	34 (16.59)	27 (13.43)	67 (13.06)
20–39	415 (45.16)	81 (39.51)	92 (45.77)	242 (47.17)
40–59	241 (26.22)	61 (29.76)	53 (26.37)	127 (24.76)
60–79	115 (12.51)	25 (12.20)	25 (12.44)	65 (12.67)
≥80	20 (2.18)	4 (1.95)	4 (1.99)	12 (2.34)
Male/female ratio	2.19	2.25	2.72	2.00	0.2402
Prevalence (1/100,000)	1.88	0.84	1.71	3.04	<0.0001
Incidence (1/100,000)	0.27	0.18	0.22	0.39	<0.0001

Values are presented as mean±SD, median (range), or number (%).

Table 4.

Clinical Features of Patients with UC in 2001 to 2015

UC	Over all	Stage 1 (2001–2005)	Stage 2 (2006–2010)	Stage 3 (2011–2015)	P-value
No. of cases	2,887	886	835	1,166	-
Age (yr)
Mean	44.94±15.61	45.41±15.92	44.65±15.44	44.82±15.58	0.5654
Median (Q1–Q3)	44 (34–55)	44 (34–56)	43 (34–55)	45 (33–56)
Peak age (top 5 age, %)
	38 (2.99)	34 (3.05)	38 (3.47)	49 (3.00)
	43 (2.74)	38 (3.05)	37 (3.11)	47 (2.92)
	49 (2.71)	40 (2.93)	49 (3.11)	43 (2.74)
	42 (2.68)	43 (2.93)	39 (2.99)	32 (2.49)
	47 (2.62)	42 (2.82)	42 (2.99)	41 (2.49)
Age groups					0.3793
<20	115 (3.98)	33 (3.72)	31 (3.71)	51 (4.37)
20–39	1,003 (34.74)	306 (34.54)	314 (37.60)	383 (32.85)
40–59	1,251 (43.33)	373 (42.10)	353 (42.28)	525 (45.03)
60–79	477 (16.52)	160 (18.06)	124 (14.85)	193 (16.55)
≥80	41 (1.42)	14 (1.58)	13 (1.56)	14 (1.20)
Male/female ratio	1.62	1.63	1.41	1.80	0.0361
Prevalence (1/100,000)	7.62	3.70	7.68	11.36	<0.0001
Incidence (1/100,000)	0.84	0.79	0.94	0.79	<0.0001

Values are presented as mean±SD, median (range), or number (%).

REFERENCES

1. Ng SC, Bernstein CN, Vatn MH, et al. Geographical variability and environmental risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 2013;62:630–649.Article PubMed
2. Chi KR. Epidemiology: rising in the east. Nature 2016;540:S100–S102.Article PubMed PDF
3. Ng SC, Shi HY, Hamidi N, et al. Worldwide incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the 21st century: a systematic review of population-based studies. Lancet 2018;390:2769–2778.Article
4. Kaplan GG. The global burden of IBD: from 2015 to 2025. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015;12:720–727.Article PubMed PDF
5. Wei SC, Lin MH, Tung CC, et al. A nationwide populationbased study of the inflammatory bowel diseases between 1998 and 2008 in Taiwan. BMC Gastroenterol 2013;13:166.Article PubMed PMC
6. Ishige T, Tomomasa T, Hatori R, et al. Temporal trend of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease: analysis of national registry data 2004-2013 in Japan. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2017;65:e80. –e82.Article PubMed
7. Ng WK, Wong SH, Ng SC. Changing epidemiological trends of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia. Intest Res 2016;14:111–119.Article PubMed PMC
8. Yang H, Li Y, Wu W, et al. The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Northern China: a prospective population-based study. PLoS One 2014;9:e101296.Article PubMed PMC
9. Hammer T, Nielsen KR, Munkholm P, Burisch J, Lynge E. The Faroese IBD study: incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases across 54 years of population-based data. J Crohns Colitis 2016;10:934–942.Article PubMed PMC PDF
10. Fonager K, Sørensen HT, Olsen J. Change in incidence of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in Denmark: a study based on the national registry of patients, 1981-1992. Int J Epidemiol 1997;26:1003–1008.Article PubMed PDF
11. Yoshida Y, Murata Y. Inflammatory bowel disease in Japan: studies of epidemiology and etiopathogenesis. Med Clin North Am 1990;74:67–90.Article PubMed
12. Ng SC, Leung WK, Shi HY, et al. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease from 1981 to 2014: results from a territorywide population-based registry in Hong Kong. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016;22:1954–1960.Article PubMed
13. Yang SK, Yun S, Kim JH, et al. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in the Songpa-Kangdong district, Seoul, Korea, 1986-2005: a KASID study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2008;14:542–549.Article PubMed
14. Hilmi I, Jaya F, Chua A, Heng WC, Singh H, Goh KL. A first study on the incidence and prevalence of IBD in Malaysia: results from the Kinta Valley IBD Epidemiology Study. J Crohns Colitis 2015;9:404–409.Article PubMed PDF
15. Prideaux L, Kamm MA, De Cruz PP, Chan FK, Ng SC. Inflammatory bowel disease in Asia: a systematic review. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012;27:1266–1280.Article PubMed
16. Ng SC, Tsoi KK, Kamm MA, et al. Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012;18:1164–1176.Article PubMed
17. Bernstein CN, Shanahan F. Disorders of a modern lifestyle: reconciling the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases. Gut 2008;57:1185–1191.Article PubMed
18. Wei SC, Shieh MJ, Chang MC, Chang YT, Wang CY, Wong JM. Long-term follow-up of ulcerative colitis in Taiwan. J Chin Med Assoc 2012;75:151–155.Article PubMed
19. Kim HJ, Hann HJ, Hong SN, et al. Incidence and natural course of inflammatory bowel disease in Korea, 2006-2012: a nationwide population-based study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2015;21:623–630.Article PubMed
20. Wei SC, Chang TA, Chao TH, et al. Management of ulcerative colitis in Taiwan: consensus guideline of the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Intest Res 2017;15:266–284.Article PubMed PMC
21. Wei SC, Chang TA, Chao TH, et al. Management of Crohn’s disease in Taiwan: consensus guideline of the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Intest Res 2017;15:285–310.Article PubMed PMC
22. Leddin D, Tamim H, Levy AR. Decreasing incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in eastern Canada: a population database study. BMC Gastroenterol 2014;14:140.Article PubMed PMC PDF
23. Lophaven SN, Lynge E, Burisch J. The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Denmark 1980-2013: a nationwide cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017;45:961–972.Article PubMed
24. Bitton A, Vutcovici M, Patenaude V, Sewitch M, Suissa S, Brassard P. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Québec: recent trends. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014;20:1770–1776.Article PubMed
25. Yen HH, Chang CW, Chou JW, Wei SC. Balloon-assisted enteroscopy and capsule endoscopy in suspected small bowel Crohn’s disease. Clin Endosc 2017;50:417–423.Article PubMed PMC PDF
26. Kaplan GG, Ng SC. Understanding and preventing the global increase of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 2017;152:313–321.Article PubMed
27. Chiang TH, Lee YC, Liao WC, et al. Timing and risk factors for a positive fecal immunochemical test in subsequent screening for colorectal neoplasms. PLoS One 2015;10:e0136890.Article PubMed PMC
28. van der Valk ME, Mangen MJ, Leenders M, et al. Healthcare costs of inflammatory bowel disease have shifted from hospitalisation and surgery towards anti-TNFalpha therapy: results from the COIN study. Gut 2014;63:72–79.Article PubMed
29. Wei SC. Differences in the public medical insurance systems for inflammatory bowel disease treatment in Asian countries. Intest Res 2016;14:218–223.Article PubMed PMC
30. Chang CW, Wei SC, Chou JW, et al. Safety and efficacy of adalimumab for patients with moderate to severe Crohn’s disease: the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (TSIBD) Study. Intest Res 2014;12:287–292.Article PubMed PMC
31. Lin WC, Chou JW, Yen HH, et al. Outcomes of limited period of adalimumab treatment in moderate to severe Crohn’s disease patients: Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Study. Intest Res 2017;15:487–494.Article PubMed PMC

Figure & Data

REFERENCES

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and incidence of inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide population‑based cohort study
Ying-Hsiang Wang, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Tien-Yu Huang, Chao-Feng Chang, Chi-Wei Yang, Wu-Chien Chien, Yi-Chiao Cheng
Intestinal Research.2025; 23(1): 76. CrossRef
Global Epidemiology and Geographic Variations of Pediatric-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990 to 2019
Yichen Wang, Chun-Wei Pan, Yuting Huang, Xin Zheng, Si Li, Mingyue He, Jana G Hashash, Francis A Farraye, Adam C Ehrlich
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2025; 31(2): 376. CrossRef
Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer and the Comparison With Sporadic Colorectal Cancer in Taiwan
Hsin-Yun Wu, Meng-Tzu Weng, Jen-Wei Chou, Hsu-Heng Yen, Chun-Chi Lin, Feng-Fan Chiang, Chen-Shuan Chung, Wei-Chen Lin, Chen-Wang Chang, Puo-Hsien Le, Chia-Jung Kuo, Ching-Pin Lin, Wen-Hung Hsu, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Tzung-Jiun Tsai, I-Che Feng, Shu-Chen We
Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2025; 16(2): e00798. CrossRef
Short-term and long-term outcomes of acute severe ulcerative colitis in Taiwan: a multicenter study with pre- and post-biologics comparison
Wei-Chen Lin, Chun-Chi Lin, Wen-Hung Hsu, Feng-Fan Chiang, Chen-Wang Chang, Tzu-Chi Hsu, Deng-Chyang Wu, Horng-Yuan Wang, Jau-Min Wong, Shu-Chen Wei
Intestinal Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Endoscopic Techniques for Colorectal Neoplasia Surveillance in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐Analysis
Chih‐Wen Huang, Hsu‐Heng Yen, Yang‐Yuan Chen
United European Gastroenterology Journal.2025; 13(8): 1418. CrossRef
Crohn’s disease but not ulcerative colitis elevated risk of end-stage renal disease and mortality: A Taiwan retrospective cohort study
Ming-Che Chuang, Tzu-Ju Hsu, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Jye-Lin Hsu, Tsung-Yu Tsai
Medicine.2025; 104(14): e42026. CrossRef
Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein is useful in predicting clinical relapse in patients with Crohn’s disease during biological remission
Naohiro Nakamura, Yusuke Honzawa, Yuka Ito, Yasuki Sano, Naoto Yagi, Sanshiro Kobayashi, Mamiko Aoi, Takashi Tomiyama, Tomomitsu Tahara, Norimasa Fukata, Toshiro Fukui, Makoto Naganuma
Intestinal Research.2025; 23(2): 170. CrossRef
Serological Assessment of Hepatitis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Taiwan: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Yueh-An Lee, Hsu-Heng Yen, Yang-Yuan Chen
Life.2025; 15(6): 893. CrossRef
Epidemiology and Steroid Dependency Reduction in Crohn’s Disease During the Biologics Era: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Nai-Yu Chen, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Yu-Ching Chang, Yea-Huei Kao Yang, Hua Hsu, Chieh-Min Chen, Ching-Lan Cheng
Advances in Therapy.2025; 42(9): 4318. CrossRef
A Review on Luteolin as a Promising Agent against Ulcerative Colitis: From Molecular Insights to Therapeutic Applications
Yasmin Banu Chanbasha, Ashok Kumar Pandurangan
Current Pharmacology Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Long-Term Safety of Tofacitinib for Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis: Three Years of Korean National Data
Eun Mi Song, Gi Hyeon Seo, Sung Hoon Jung
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A systematic review of inflammatory bowel disease in Kazakhstan: prevalence, risk factors, and genetic insights
Aigerim Japparkulova, Ainash Oshibayeva, Gulnaz Nuskabayeva, Karlygash Sadykova, Jamilya Kaibullayeva, Nursultan Nurdinov
Future Science OA.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of Risankizumab for moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease: first Asian real-world data (STAR trial)
Chen-Shuan Chung, Chung-Hsin Chang, Chia-Jung Kuo, Jen-Wei Chou, Tien-Yu Huang, Wen-Hung Hsu, Chen-Wang Chang, Puo-Hsien Le
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis Patients From Asia Have Lower Colectomy Risk Than Patients From Australasia
Richard Gareth Fernandes, Dong Hyun Kim, Leonie Ruddick-Collins, Abhinav Vasudevan, Anthony Robert Brownson, Benjamin Ngoi, Chun-Chi Lin, Craig Haifer, Dae Sung Kim, Ei Swe, Emily Kate Wright, Eun Mi Song, Gillian Mahy, Gregory Thomas Moore, Hyun Seok Lee
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Combining Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Integrative Studies to Explore the Mechanism of Helminthostachys zeylanica in Alleviating Ulcerative Colitis
Chih‐Ting Lin, Li‐Wei Lin, Li‐Ching Chang, Lung‐Yuan Wu, Fan‐Shiu Tsai
Food Science & Nutrition.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Attitudes to medication and effects of IBD nursing service among patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan
Chen‐Ta Yang, Tsui‐Chun Hsu, Yang‐Yuan Chen, Siou‐Ping Huang, Hsu‐Heng Yen
Advances in Digestive Medicine.2024; 11(3): 162. CrossRef
27-Hydroxycholesterol activates the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway resulting in intestinal fibrosis by inducing oxidative stress: effect of dietary interventions
Wei Xiao, Chunyan Hu, Yifan Ni, Jie Wang, Kailin Jiao, Ming Zhou, Zhong Li
Inflammation Research.2024; 73(2): 289. CrossRef
Unraveling the blood microbiome: novel insights into inflammasome responses in Crohn’s disease
Duygu Kirkik, Sevgi Kalkanli Tas, Alpaslan Tanoglu
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2024; 36(8): 975. CrossRef
Magnifying Endoscopy With Narrow Band Imaging for Graft Failure and Disease Recurrence in Patients With Crohn Disease After Intestinal Transplantation: 2 Case Reports
Chen-Huan Yu, Yun Chen, Chien-Chen Tsai, Tzong-Hsi Lee, Ya-Hui Tsai, Chen-Shuan Chung
Transplantation Proceedings.2024; 56(2): 422. CrossRef
Risk factors of mortality following hospital admission for Crohn's disease: A cohort study at a tertiary referral center in Taiwan
Po‐Han Huang, Wey‐Ran Lin, Puo‐Hsien Le, Cheng‐Yu Lin, Chun‐Wei Chen, Ren‐Chin Wu, Jun‐Te Hsu, Wen‐Sy Tsai, Ming‐Wei Lai, Sen‐Yung Hsieh, Ming‐Yao Su, Cheng‐Tang Chiu, Chia‐Jung Kuo
Advances in Digestive Medicine.2024; 11(2): 81. CrossRef
Exacerbated gastrointestinal symptoms and long COVID in IBD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multi-center study from taiwan
Tsung-Yu Tsai, Jia-Feng Wu, Meng-Tzu Weng, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Tien-Yu Huang, Wei-Chen Tai, Chi-Ming Tai, Chen-Shuan Chung, Chih-Cheng Chen, Ching-Pin Lin, Yuan-Yao Tsai, Shu-Chen Wei
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.2024; 123(8): 866. CrossRef
Temporal Trends of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Taiwan from 2016 to 2020: A Population-Based Study
Chia-Jung Kuo, Cheng-Yu Lin, Puo-Hsien Le, Yao-Wei Kuo, Chen-Ming Hsu, Ming-Wei Lai, Wey-Ran Lin, Ming-Ling Chang, Ming-Yao Su, Cheng-Tang Chiu, Chee-Jen Chang
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2024; 69(9): 3172. CrossRef
High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Taiwanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Chen-Ta Yang, Hsu-Heng Yen, Pei-Yuan Su, Yang-Yuan Chen, Siou-Ping Huang
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Management of ulcerative colitis in Taiwan: consensus guideline of the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease updated in 2023
Hsu-Heng Yen, Jia-Feng Wu, Horng-Yuan Wang, Ting-An Chang, Chung-Hsin Chang, Chen-Wang Chang, Te-Hsin Chao, Jen-Wei Chou, Yenn-Hwei Chou, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Wen-Hung Hsu, Tzu-Chi Hsu, Tien-Yu Huang, Tsung-I Hung, Puo-Hsien Le, Chun-Che Lin, Chun-Chi Lin
Intestinal Research.2024; 22(3): 213. CrossRef
Management of Crohn’s disease in Taiwan: consensus guideline of the Taiwan Society of Inflammatory Bowel Disease updated in 2023
Jia-Feng Wu, Hsu-Heng Yen, Horng-Yuan Wang, Ting-An Chang, Chung-Hsin Chang, Chen-Wang Chang, Te-Hsin Chao, Jen-Wei Chou, Yenn-Hwei Chou, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Wen-Hung Hsu, Tzu-Chi Hsu, Tien-Yu Huang, Tsung-I Hung, Puo-Hsien Le, Chun-Che Lin, Chun-Chi Lin
Intestinal Research.2024; 22(3): 250. CrossRef
Persistence of newly prescribed 5-aminosalicylic acid in patients with ulcerative colitis: A nationwide comprehensive database study
Tatsuya Noda, Kotaro Kuwaki, Munehito Machida, Yasuyuki Okumura, Yuichi Nishioka, Tomoya Myojin, Tomoaki Imamura, Barry Kweh
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0316181. CrossRef
Real‐world experience of adalimumab therapy for patients with ulcerative colitis: A single tertiary medical center experience in Central Taiwan
Hsu‐Heng Yen, Yu‐Chun Hsu, Chu‐Hsuan Kuo, Tsui‐Chun Hsu, Yang‐Yuan Chen
Advances in Digestive Medicine.2023; 10(1): 28. CrossRef
Real-World Evidence of Effectiveness and Safety of Vedolizumab for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Taiwan: A Prospective Nationwide Registry (VIOLET) Study
Wei-Chen Lin, Wei-Chen Tai, Chung-Hsin Chang, Chia-Hung Tu, I-Che Feng, Ming-Jium Shieh, Chen-Shuan Chung, Hsu-Heng Yen, Jen-Wei Chou, Jau-Min Wong, Yu-Hwa Liu, Tien-Yu Huang, Chiao-Hsiung Chuang, Tzung-Jiun Tsai, Feng-Fan Chiang, Chien-Yu Lu, Wen-Hung Hs
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2023; 29(11): 1730. CrossRef
Seronegative spondyloarthropathy-associated inflammatory bowel disease
Chrong-Reen Wang, Hung-Wen Tsai
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 29(3): 450. CrossRef
Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome associated with inflammatory bowel disease: Report of four patients
Mingwei Ma, Yuchen Liu, Shengyan Liu, Chen Li
International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases.2023; 26(5): 996. CrossRef
Bronchoesophageal fistula in a patient with Crohn’s disease receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy
Kyunghwan Oh, Kee Don Choi, Hyeong Ryul Kim, Tae Sun Shim, Byong Duk Ye, Suk-Kyun Yang, Sang Hyoung Park
Clinical Endoscopy.2023; 56(2): 239. CrossRef
Serum amyloid protein A in inflammatory bowel disease: from bench to bedside
Rirong Chen, Qia Chen, Jieqi Zheng, Zhirong Zeng, Minhu Chen, Li Li, Shenghong Zhang
Cell Death Discovery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease–Asian perspectives: the results of a multinational web-based survey in the 8th Asian Organization for Crohn’s and Colitis meeting
Eun Mi Song, Soo-Young Na, Sung Noh Hong, Siew Chien Ng, Tadakazu Hisamatsu, Byong Duk Ye
Intestinal Research.2023; 21(3): 339. CrossRef
Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease–Asian perspectives: the results of a multinational web-based survey in the 8th Asian Organization for Crohn’s and Colitis meeting
Han Hee Lee, Jae Jun Park, Bo-In Lee, Ida Hilmi, Jose Sollano, Zhi Hua Ran
Intestinal Research.2023; 21(3): 328. CrossRef
Risk of Attempted Suicide Among Patients With IBD: A Nationwide Longitudinal Follow-up Study
Yen-Po Wang, Bing Zhang, Hohui E. Wang, Ya-Mei Bai, Shih-Jen Tsai, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Mu-Hong Chen
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum.2023; 66(9): e938. CrossRef
Suboptimal Outcomes and Retreatment Rate of Patients With Crohn's Disease After Forced Discontinuation of Biologics: A Nationwide Population‐Based Study
Nai‐Yu Chen, Chiao‐Hsiung Chuang, Yu‐Ching Chang, Yea‐Huei Kao Yang, Peng‐Hsu Chen, Ching‐Lan Cheng
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2023; 114(4): 914. CrossRef
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Taiwanese Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Study in Patients with Clinical Remission
Shun-Wen Hsiao, Ting-Chun Chen, Pei-Yuan Su, Chen-Ta Yang, Siou-Ping Huang, Yang-Yuan Chen, Hsu-Heng Yen
Diagnostics.2023; 13(20): 3268. CrossRef
The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: 10-Year South Korean Experience Based on the National Database
Eun Mi Song, Arum Choi, Sukil Kim, Sung Hoon Jung
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Increasing Prevalence and Stable Incidence Rates of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Among First Nations: Population-Based Evidence From a Western Canadian Province
Juan Nicolás Peña-Sánchez, Jessica Amankwah Osei, Jose Diego Marques Santos, Derek Jennings, Mustafa Andkhoie, Colten Brass, Germain Bukassa-Kazadi, Xinya Lu, Michelle Johnson-Jennings, Linda Porter, Rob Porter, Carol-Lynne Quintin, Rhonda Sanderson, Ulri
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2022; 28(4): 514. CrossRef
New‐onset Crohn's disease after interleukin‐17A inhibitor therapy with secukinumab: A report of an unusual case
Tung‐Lung Wu, Hui‐Ting Hsu, Hsu‐Heng Yen, Yang‐Yuan Chen
Advances in Digestive Medicine.2022; 9(3): 200. CrossRef
Impact of short-chain fatty acid supplementation on gut inflammation and microbiota composition in a murine colitis model
Jae Gon Lee, Jiyoung Lee, A-reum Lee, Su Vin Jo, Chan Hyuk Park, Dong Soo Han, Chang Soo Eun
The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2022; 101: 108926. CrossRef
The effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab induction for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis for Asia patient: A real practice observational study
Chia-Jung Kuo, Puo-Hsien Le, Wei-Chen Tai, Keng-Liang Wu, Hsu-Heng Yen, Chih-Wei Yen, Shui-Yi Tung, Chen-Shuan Chung, Ming-Yao Su, Cheng-Tang Chiu
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.2022; 121(9): 1689. CrossRef
Infliximab versus Adalimumab: Can We Choose the Right One for the Right Patients with Ulcerative Colitis?
Sang Hyoung Park, Byong Duk Ye, Suk-Kyun Yang
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(1): 138. CrossRef
Shift to a Younger Age and Regional Differences in Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Korea: Using Healthcare Administrative Data
Seo-Hee Kim, Yujin Park, Seong Pyo Kim, Sung Hee Lee, Seak Hee Oh, Suk-Kyun Yang, Hyung-Jin Yoon, Kyung Mo Kim
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2022; 67(11): 5079. CrossRef
Screening and Evaluation of Probiotics for Reducing Intestinal Inflammation
雅君陈
Hans Journal of Food and Nutrition Science.2022; 11(01): 44. CrossRef
Development and validation of a deep learning-based algorithm for colonoscopy quality assessment
Yuan-Yen Chang, Pai-Chi Li, Ruey-Feng Chang, Yu-Yao Chang, Siou-Ping Huang, Yang-Yuan Chen, Wen-Yen Chang, Hsu-Heng Yen
Surgical Endoscopy.2022; 36(9): 6446. CrossRef
Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides and Capsaicin Inhibit Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Responses, and Pain Signaling in Rats with Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis
Yu-Shan Chen, Yu Zhi Lian, Wen-Chao Chen, Chun-Chao Chang, Alexey A. Tinkov, Anatoly V. Skalny, Jane C.-J. Chao
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(5): 2423. CrossRef
Schizophrenia and risk of new‐onset inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide longitudinal study
Kuan‐Yi Sung, Bing Zhang, Hohui E. Wang, Ya‐Mei Bai, Shih‐Jen Tsai, Tung‐Ping Su, Tzeng‐Ji Chen, Ming‐Chih Hou, Ching‐Liang Lu, Yen‐Po Wang, Mu‐Hong Chen
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2022; 55(9): 1192. CrossRef
The Basic Concept of Claim Data-based Research
Su Bee Park, Jae Myung Cha
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2022; 22(1): 70. CrossRef
Changes in the Long-term Prognosis of Crohn’s Disease between 1986 and 2015: The Population-Based Songpa-Kangdong Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study
Byong Duk Ye, Sung Noh Hong, Seung In Seo, Ye-Jee Kim, Jae Myung Cha, Kyoung Hoon Rhee, Hyuk Yoon, Young-Ho Kim, Kyung Ho Kim, Sun Yong Park, Seung Kyu Jeong, Ji Hyun Lee, Hyunju Park, Joo Sung Kim, Jong Pil Im, Sung Hoon Kim, Jisun Jang, Jeong Hwan Kim,
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(2): 216. CrossRef
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with autoimmune diseases
Jin-Yue Li, Xiao-Han Sun, Dong-chao Shen, Xun-Zhe Yang, Ming-Sheng Liu, Li-Ying Cui, Weidong Le
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(4): e0266529. CrossRef
The Comparative Risk of Serious Adverse Events With Tofacitinib and TNF Inhibitors in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: The Korean Experience as Revealed by a National Database
Gi Hyeon Seo, Sung Hoon Jung
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Association of young age and male sex with primary sclerosing cholangitis in Taiwanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Meng-Tzu Weng, I-Lun Shih, Chien-Chih Tung, Yew-Loong Leong, Ming-Jium Shieh, Cheng-Yi Wang, Jau-Min Wong, Yen-Hsuan Ni, Shu-Chen Wei
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(2): 224. CrossRef
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease: expert consensus statement by KASID
Yoo Jin Lee, Seong-Eun Kim, Yong Eun Park, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Jae Gon Lee, Hee Chan Yang, Miyoung Choi, Seung-Jae Myung
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(2): 171. CrossRef
Update on the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia: where are we now?
Sang Hyoung Park
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(2): 159. CrossRef
Effect of smoking on the development and outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan: a hospital-based cohort study
Bor-Cheng Chen, Meng-Tzu Weng, Chin-Hao Chang, Ling-Yun Huang, Shu-Chen Wei
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Chronic bronchiectasis complicated with benign jejuno‐ileal pneumatosis intestinalis
Sheng‐Huan Wei, Li‐Ting Huang, Tang‐Hsiu Huang
Respirology Case Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and IBD Medications on Risk of Hyperlipidemia and in vitro Hepatic Lipogenic-Related Gene Expression: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Ni Tien, Tien-Yuan Wu, Cheng-Li Lin, Chia-Jui Wu, Chung-Y Hsu, Yi-Jen Fang, Yun-Ping Lim
Frontiers in Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Personalized medicine in inflammatory bowel disease: Perspectives on Asia
Su Hyun Park, Sang Hyoung Park
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2022; 37(8): 1434. CrossRef
Trend and Geographic Variation in Incidence and Prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Regions Across China: A Nationwide Employee Study Between 2013 and 2016
Hong Yang, Runing Zhou, Xiaoyin Bai, Mingyue Guo, Gechong Ruan, Li Wang, Jiaming Qian
Frontiers in Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical outcomes and predictors of response for adalimumab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: a KASID prospective multicenter cohort study
Seung Yong Shin, Soo Jung Park, Young Kim, Jong Pil Im, Hyo Jong Kim, Kang-Moon Lee, Ji Won Kim, Sung-Ae Jung, Jun Lee, Sang-Bum Kang, Sung Jae Shin, Eun Sun Kim, You Sun Kim, Tae Oh Kim, Hyun-Soo Kim, Dong Il Park, Hyung Kil Kim, Eun Soo Kim, Young-Ho Ki
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(3): 350. CrossRef
Inflammatory bowel disease in Korea: epidemiology and pathophysiology
Jung Won Lee, Chang Soo Eun
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2022; 37(5): 885. CrossRef
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and capsaicin modulate inflammatory cytokines and colonic microbiota in colitis rats induced by dextran sulfate sodium
Yu Zhi Lian, Chun-Chao Chang, Yu-Shan Chen, Alexey A. Tinkov, Anatoly V. Skalny, Jane C.-J. Chao
Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition.2022; 71(3): 229. CrossRef
Radiation Exposure among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Single-Medical-Center Retrospective Analysis in Taiwan
Chen-Ta Yang, Hsu-Heng Yen, Yang-Yuan Chen, Pei-Yuan Su, Siou-Ping Huang
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(17): 5050. CrossRef
What Are the Different Phenotypes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Asia?
Su Bee Park, Jin Young Yoon, Jae Myung Cha
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(5): 676. CrossRef
Dextran sodium sulfate alters antioxidant status in the gut affecting the survival of Drosophila melanogaster
Nishal Keshav, Ramyalakshmi Ammankallu, Shashidhar, Jagdish Gopal Paithankar, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga, Rajashekhar K. Patil, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu
3 Biotech.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Ethanol Extracts of Rice Bran and Whole Grain Adlay Seeds Mitigate Colonic Inflammation and Damage in Mice with Colitis
Hui-Chen Lo, Yu-Hsin Chen, Wen-Tzu Wu
Nutrients.2022; 14(18): 3877. CrossRef
Natural history of inflammatory bowel disease: a comparison between the East and the West
Eun Mi Song, Suk-Kyun Yang
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(4): 418. CrossRef
Chemoprevention of Colitis-Associated Dysplasia or Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Shun-Wen Hsiao, Hsu-Heng Yen, Yang-Yuan Chen
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(6): 840. CrossRef
Clinical Features and Long-term Prognosis of Crohn’s Disease in Korea: Results from the Prospective CONNECT Study
Seung Wook Hong, Byong Duk Ye, Jae Hee Cheon, Ji Hyun Lee, Ja Seol Koo, Byung Ik Jang, Kang-Moon Lee, You Sun Kim, Tae Oh Kim, Jong Pil Im, Geun Am Song, Sung-Ae Jung, Hyun Soo Kim, Dong Il Park, Hyun-Soo Kim, Kyu Chan Huh, Young-Ho Kim, Jae Myung Cha, Ge
Gut and Liver.2022; 16(6): 907. CrossRef
The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia and Asian immigrants to Western countries
Satimai Aniwan, Priscila Santiago, Edward V. Loftus, Sang Hyoung Park
United European Gastroenterology Journal.2022; 10(10): 1063. CrossRef
Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with higher dementia risk: a nationwide longitudinal study
Bing Zhang, Hohui E Wang, Ya-Mei Bai, Shih-Jen Tsai, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Yen-Po Wang, Mu-Hong Chen
Gut.2021; 70(1): 85. CrossRef
The four epidemiological stages in the global evolution of inflammatory bowel disease
Gilaad G. Kaplan, Joseph W. Windsor
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2021; 18(1): 56. CrossRef
Epidemiology, burden of disease, and unmet needs in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in Asia
Shu-Chen Wei, Jose Sollano, Yee Tak Hui, Wei Yu, Paul V. Santos Estrella, Lyndon John Q. Llamado, Nana Koram
Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2021; 15(3): 275. CrossRef
Clinical outcomes and long‐term prognosis of perianal Crohn's disease in an Asian population
Eun Mi Song, Ho‐Su Lee, Ye‐Jee Kim, Eun Hye Oh, Nam Seok Ham, Jeongseok Kim, Sung Wook Hwang, Sang Hyoung Park, Dong‐Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong‐Sik Byeon, Seung‐Jae Myung, Suk‐Kyun Yang
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 36(6): 1571. CrossRef
Comparison of Long-term Outcomes of Infliximab versus Adalimumab in 1,488 Biologic-Naive Korean Patients with Crohn’s Disease
Yoon Suk Jung, Minkyung Han, Sohee Park, Jae Hee Cheon
Gut and Liver.2021; 15(1): 92. CrossRef
Incidence and Prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease across Asia
Jihye Park, Jae Hee Cheon
Yonsei Medical Journal.2021; 62(2): 99. CrossRef
Clinical features and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in a low-incidence area
Hsu-Heng Yen, Tsui-Chun Hsu, Mei-Wen Chen, Pei-Yuan Su, Yang-Yuan Chen
Medicine.2021; 100(10): e25090. CrossRef
The Temporal Relationships and Associations between Cutaneous Manifestations and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Yi-Teng Hung, Puo-Hsien Le, Chia-Jung Kuo, Yu-Chuan Tang, Meng-Jiun Chiou, Cheng-Tang Chiu, Chang-Fu Kuo, Yu-Huei Huang
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(6): 1311. CrossRef
Comparison of outcomes of cyclosporine A and infliximab for steroid‐refractory acute severe ulcerative colitis
Eun Mi Song, Eun Hye Oh, Sung Wook Hwang, Sang Hyoung Park, Dong‐Hoon Yang, Jeong‐Sik Byeon, Seung‐Jae Myung, Suk‐Kyun Yang, Byong Duk Ye
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 36(9): 2463. CrossRef
The emerging epidemic of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia and Iran by 2035: A modeling study
Meysam Olfatifar, Mohammad Reza Zali, Mohamad Amin Pourhoseingholi, Hedieh Balaii, Shaghayegh Baradaran Ghavami, Maria Ivanchuk, Pavlo Ivanchuk, Saeed hashemi Nazari, Shabnam shahrokh, Siamak Sabour, Soheila Khodakarim, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Pejman Roh
BMC Gastroenterology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Enteroscopy in Crohn’s Disease: Are There Any Changes in Role or Outcomes Over Time? A KASID Multicenter Study
Seong Ran Jeon, Jin-Oh Kim, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Dong-Hoon Yang, Bong Min Ko, Hyeon Jeong Goong, Hyun Joo Jang, Soo Jung Park, Eun Ran Kim, Sung Noh Hong, Jong Pil Im, Seong-Eun Kim, Ja Seol Koo, Chang Soo Eun, Dong Kyung Chang
Gut and Liver.2021; 15(3): 375. CrossRef
Evaluation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease using controlled attenuation parameter technology: A Taiwanese retrospective cohort study
Hsu-Heng Yen, Pei-Yuan Su, Siou-Ping Huang, Lisha Wu, Tsui-Chun Hsu, Ya-Huei Zeng, Yang-Yuan Chen, Wan-Long Chuang
PLOS ONE.2021; 16(5): e0252286. CrossRef
Fecal microbiota profile in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan
Tien-En Chang, Jiing-Chyuan Luo, Ueng-Cheng Yang, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Ming-Chih Hou, Fa-Yauh Lee
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association.2021; 84(6): 580. CrossRef
Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Following Appendectomy in Adulthood
Wei-Sheng Chung, Sunny Chung, Chung-Y Hsu, Cheng-Li Lin
Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Improving the care of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients: perspectives and strategies for IBD center management
Jihye Park, Sinyoung Park, Shin Ae Lee, Soo Jung Park, Jae Hee Cheon
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2021; 36(5): 1040. CrossRef
Endoscopy within 7 days after detecting high calprotectin levels can be useful for therapeutic decision-making in ulcerative colitis
Ho Min Yong, Sung-Jo Park, Seong Ran Jeon, Heesu Park, Hyun Gun Kim, Tae Hee Lee, Junseok Park, Jin-Oh Kim, Joon Seong Lee, Bong Min Ko, Hyeon Jeong Goong, Suyeon Park
Medicine.2021; 100(34): e27065. CrossRef
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination for Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Expert Consensus Statements by KASID
Yoo Jin Lee, Seong-Eun Kim, Yong Eun Park, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Jae Gon Lee, Hee Chan Yang, Miyoung Choi, Seung-Jae Myung
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(2): 117. CrossRef
Lentinan-Based Oral Nanoparticle Loaded Budesonide With Macrophage-Targeting Ability for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis
Meisi Lin, Lingling Dong, Qiyan Chen, Haiting Xu, Xiaoqin Han, Ruifeng Luo, Xiulan Pu, Shanshan Qi, Wenbiao Nie, Meilin Ma, Yitao Wang, Fei Gao, Jinming Zhang
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Short-term tolerability and effectiveness of methotrexate monotherapy in adult patients with Crohn’s disease: a retrospective study
Hee Seung Hong, Kyuwon Kim, Kyunghwan Oh, Jae Yong Lee, Seung Wook Hong, Jin Hwa Park, Sung Wook Hwang, Dong-Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Sang Hyoung Park
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases: focusing on 5-aminosalicylates and immunomodulators
You Sun Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2021; 64(9): 596. CrossRef
Epidemiology and diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases
Kang-Moon Lee
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2021; 64(9): 579. CrossRef
Current status of inflammatory bowel diseases in Korea
Suk-Kyun Yang
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2021; 64(9): 572. CrossRef
Is the Long-term Disease Course of Elderly-Onset Ulcerative Colitis Different from That of Non-Elderly-Onset Ulcerative Colitis?
Jin Wook Lee, Eun Soo Kim
Gut and Liver.2021; 15(5): 639. CrossRef
Association Between Ischemic Optic Neuropathy and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan
Ting-Yi Lin, Yi-Fen Lai, Po-Huang Chen, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Ching-Long Chen, Yi-Hao Chen, Jiann-Torng Chen, Po-Chen Kuo, Wu-Chien Chien, Yun-Hsiu Hsieh
Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Risk and characteristics of tuberculosis after anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a hospital-based cohort study from Korea
Jae Yong Lee, Kyunghwan Oh, Hee Seung Hong, Kyuwon Kim, Seung Wook Hong, Jin Hwa Park, Sung Wook Hwang, Dong-Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Ho-Su Lee, Kyung-Wook Jo, Sang Hyoung Park
BMC Gastroenterology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring Links Between Industrialization, Urbanization, and Chinese Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Guanglin Cui, Hanzhe Liu, Gang Xu, Jann-Birger Laugsand, Zhigang Pang
Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Endoscopic Mucosal Healing as a Treatment Target in Ulcerative Colitis: Does It Have the Same Role in Asian Patients?
Suk-Kyun Yang, Sang Hyoung Park, Byong Duk Ye
Gut and Liver.2021; 15(6): 942. CrossRef
Capsule Endoscopy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: When? To Whom?
Soo-Young Na, Yun-Jeong Lim
Diagnostics.2021; 11(12): 2240. CrossRef
Biologic Use Patterns and Predictors for Non-persistence and Switching of Biologics in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Yoon Suk Jung, Minkyung Han, Sohee Park, Jae Hee Cheon
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2020; 65(5): 1436. CrossRef
Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are associated with different lipid profile disorders: a nationwide population‐based study
Hosim Soh, Jong Pil Im, Kyungdo Han, Seona Park, Seung Wook Hong, Jeong Min Moon, Eun Ae Kang, Jaeyoung Chun, Hyun Jung Lee, Joo Sung Kim
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2020; 51(4): 446. CrossRef
The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: East meets west
Wing Yan Mak, Mirabella Zhao, Siew Chien Ng, Johan Burisch
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2020; 35(3): 380. CrossRef
Comparison of Real-World Outcomes of Infliximab versus Adalimumab in Biologic-Naïve Korean Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Population-Based Study
Minkyung Han, Yoon Suk Jung, Jae Hee Cheon, Sohee Park
Yonsei Medical Journal.2020; 61(1): 48. CrossRef
A case with cytomegalovirus colitis and toxic megacolon initially diagnosed as Crohn's disease
Shan-Han Chang, Hsin-Yun Sun, Chia-Tung Shun, Shu-Chen Wei
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.2020; 119(9): 1442. CrossRef
Trends in Healthcare Costs for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in South Korea
Yoon Suk Jung
Gut and Liver.2020; 14(1): 3. CrossRef
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Joyce H S You, Xinchan Jiang, Wally H Lee, Paul K S Chan, Siew C Ng
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2020; 35(9): 1515. CrossRef
Crohn’s disease
Giulia Roda, Siew Chien Ng, Paulo Gustavo Kotze, Marjorie Argollo, Remo Panaccione, Antonino Spinelli, Arthur Kaser, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Silvio Danese
Nature Reviews Disease Primers.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Revisiting Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathology, Treatments, Challenges and Emerging Therapeutics Including Drug Leads from Natural Products
Karma Yeshi, Roland Ruscher, Luke Hunter, Norelle L. Daly, Alex Loukas, Phurpa Wangchuk
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2020; 9(5): 1273. CrossRef
Predictive values of stool-based tests for mucosal healing among Taiwanese patients with ulcerative colitis: a retrospective cohort analysis
Hsu-Heng Yen, Mei-Wen Chen, Yu-Yao Chang, Hsuan-Yuan Huang, Tsui-Chun Hsu, Yang-Yuan Chen
PeerJ.2020; 8: e9537. CrossRef
Association between inflammatory bowel disease and bullous pemphigoid: a population-based case–control study
Yi-Ju Chen, Chao-Kuei Juan, Yun-Ting Chang, Chun-Ying Wu, Hsiu J. Ho, Hsiao-Ching Tseng
Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria derived from infant intestines may activate macrophages and lead to different IL-10 secretion
Huijing Liang, Zihao Luo, Zhonghua Miao, Xi Shen, Ming Li, Xuguang Zhang, Jiehua Chen, Xiaolei Ze, Qiwei Chen, Fang He
Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry.2020; 84(12): 2558. CrossRef
Temporal trend of disease recognition, treatment paradigm, and clinical outcomes of Crohn disease in Thailand from 2000 through 2017
Julajak Limsrivilai, Satimai Aniwan, Asawin Sudcharoen, Natapat Chaisidhivej, Piyaphan Prueksapanich, Nonthalee Pausawasdi, Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya, Supot Pongprasobchai, Sathaporn Manassatit
Medicine.2020; 99(38): e22216. CrossRef
Combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Shows a Stronger Anti-Inflammatory Effect than Individual Strains in HT-29 Cells
Sing-Chung Li, Wei-Fang Hsu, Jung-Su Chang, Chun-Kuang Shih
Nutrients.2019; 11(5): 969. CrossRef
Risk of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in newly diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis patients: a population-based matched cohort study
Hsin-Hua Chen, Wen-Cheng Chao, Yi-Hsing Chen, Tsu-Yi Hsieh, Kuo-Lung Lai, Yi-Ming Chen, Wei-Ting Hung, Ching-Tsai Lin, Chih-Wei Tseng, Ching-Heng Lin
Arthritis Research & Therapy.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of outcomes of continuation/discontinuation of 5-aminosalicylic acid after initiation of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Youn I Choi, Tae Jun Kim, Dong Kyun Park, Jun-won Chung, Kyoung Oh Kim, Kwang An Kwon, Yoon Jae Kim
International Journal of Colorectal Disease.2019; 34(10): 1713. CrossRef
Microscopic features of small bowel mucosa of patients with Crohn’s disease
Yun Cui, Shi-yuan Lu, Jie Xu, Yan-shen Peng, Qi Miao, Xiao-qing Wang, Xiao-yu Chen, Zhi-hua Ran
BMC Gastroenterology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

PubReader
ePub Link

Cite

CITE: export Copy Download Format; Close

Download Citation

Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

Format:

RIS — For EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and most other reference management software
BibTeX — For JabRef, BibDesk, and other BibTeX-specific software

Include:

Citation for the content below
Citation and abstract for the content below

Epidemiological trend in inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015: a nationwide populationbased study

Intest Res. 2019;17(1):54-62. Published online November 20, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00096

XML Download

Figure

Related articles

Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and incidence of inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide population‑based cohort study

Epidemiological trend in inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015: a nationwide populationbased study

Fig. 1. Incidence of IBD from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan.

Fig. 2. Prevalence of IBD from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan.

Fig. 3. Incidence rate ratio of UC to CD over time. Comparisons between stages 3 and 1 and stages 3 and 2 revealed significant differences. No significant difference was observed between stages 1 and 2. aComparison the UC/CD ratio between stages 1, 2, and 3.

Fig. 4. Incidence of CD from 2001 to 2015 stratified by patient age.

Fig. 5. Sex ratio (male to female) of patients with IBD in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015.

Fig. 6. Age distribution of patients with CD and UC from 2001 to 2015 in Taiwan.

Fig. 7. Temporal trends in the UC-to-CD ratio from populationbased studies in Western and Asian countries. Data Sources: Hong Kong (1981–2014) [12], Canada (1996–2009) [22], Korea (2006–2012) [19], Korea (1986–2005) [13], Denmark (1980–2013) [23], Quebec (2001–2008) [24], the Faroe Islands (1960–2014) [9], Taiwan (2001–2015): present study.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

Fig. 7.

Epidemiological trend in inflammatory bowel disease in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015: a nationwide populationbased study

Year	Population	IBD		CD		UC
Year	Population	No.	IR	No.	IR	No.	IR
2001	22,341,120	160	0.72	39	0.17	121	0.54
2002	22,463,172	220	0.98	32	0.14	188	0.84
2003	22,562,663	233	1.03	41	0.18	192	0.85
2004	22,646,836	215	0.95	48	0.21	167	0.74
2005	22,729,753	263	1.16	45	0.20	218	0.96
2006	22,823,455	243	1.06	46	0.20	197	0.86
2007	22,917,444	231	1.01	43	0.19	188	0.82
2008	22,997,696	266	1.16	51	0.22	215	0.93
2009	23,078,402	296	1.28	61	0.26	235	1.02
2010	23,140,948	299	1.29	57	0.25	242	1.05
2011	23,193,518	205	0.88	55	0.24	150	0.65
2012	23,270,367	256	1.10	86	0.37	170	0.73
2013	23,344,670	278	1.19	86	0.37	192	0.82
2014	23,403,635	307	1.31	118	0.50	189	0.81
2015	23,462,914	334	1.42	111	0.47	223	0.95
Total		3,806		919		2,887

All IBD	Over all	Stage 1 (2001–2005)	Stage 2 (2006–2010)	Stage 3 (2011–2015)	P-value
No. of cases (UC/CD)	2,887/919	886/205	835/201	1,166/513	-
Age (yr)
Mean	43.29±16.58	43.98±17.00	43.46±16.22	42.74±16.62	0.1478
Median (Q1–Q3)	42 (31–54)	43 (32–55)	42 (32–54)	43 (30–55)
Age distribution					0.5689
<20	243 (6.38)	67 (6.14)	58 (5.60)	118 (7.03)
20–39	1,418 (37.26)	387 (35.47)	406 (39.19)	625 (37.22)
40–59	1,492 (39.2)	434 (39.78)	406 (39.19)	652 (38.83)
60–79	592 (15.55)	185 (16.96)	149 (14.38)	258 (15.37)
≥80	61 (1.60)	18 (1.65)	17 (1.64)	26 (1.55)
Male/female ratio	1.74	1.73	1.59	1.86	0.1663
Prevalence (1/100,000)	9.50	4.54	9.39	14.40	<0.0001
Incidence (1/100,000)	1.11	0.97	1.16	1.18	<0.0001

CD	Over all	Stage 1 (2001–2005)	Stage 2 (2006–2010)	Stage 3 (2011–2015)	P-value
No. of cases	919	205	201	513	-
Age (yr)
Mean	37.95±18.41	37.83±19.94	38.52±18.34	38.03±17.93	0.9249
Median (Q1–Q3)	35 (24–50)	37 (23–51)	36 (25–50)	34 (25–50)
Peak age (top 5 age, %)
	25 (2.99)	0 (4.39)	25 (4.48)	30 (3.70)
	32 (2.89)	39 (3.90)	23 (3.98)	29 (3.12)
	29 (2.69)	20 (3.41)	18 (3.48)	27 (2.92)
	22 (2.59)	22 (3.41)	26 (3.48)	25 (2.73)
	30 (2.49)	37 (2.93)	33 (2.99)	31 (2.73)
Age groups					0.7740
<20	128 (13.93)	34 (16.59)	27 (13.43)	67 (13.06)
20–39	415 (45.16)	81 (39.51)	92 (45.77)	242 (47.17)
40–59	241 (26.22)	61 (29.76)	53 (26.37)	127 (24.76)
60–79	115 (12.51)	25 (12.20)	25 (12.44)	65 (12.67)
≥80	20 (2.18)	4 (1.95)	4 (1.99)	12 (2.34)
Male/female ratio	2.19	2.25	2.72	2.00	0.2402
Prevalence (1/100,000)	1.88	0.84	1.71	3.04	<0.0001
Incidence (1/100,000)	0.27	0.18	0.22	0.39	<0.0001

UC	Over all	Stage 1 (2001–2005)	Stage 2 (2006–2010)	Stage 3 (2011–2015)	P-value
No. of cases	2,887	886	835	1,166	-
Age (yr)
Mean	44.94±15.61	45.41±15.92	44.65±15.44	44.82±15.58	0.5654
Median (Q1–Q3)	44 (34–55)	44 (34–56)	43 (34–55)	45 (33–56)
Peak age (top 5 age, %)
	38 (2.99)	34 (3.05)	38 (3.47)	49 (3.00)
	43 (2.74)	38 (3.05)	37 (3.11)	47 (2.92)
	49 (2.71)	40 (2.93)	49 (3.11)	43 (2.74)
	42 (2.68)	43 (2.93)	39 (2.99)	32 (2.49)
	47 (2.62)	42 (2.82)	42 (2.99)	41 (2.49)
Age groups					0.3793
<20	115 (3.98)	33 (3.72)	31 (3.71)	51 (4.37)
20–39	1,003 (34.74)	306 (34.54)	314 (37.60)	383 (32.85)
40–59	1,251 (43.33)	373 (42.10)	353 (42.28)	525 (45.03)
60–79	477 (16.52)	160 (18.06)	124 (14.85)	193 (16.55)
≥80	41 (1.42)	14 (1.58)	13 (1.56)	14 (1.20)
Male/female ratio	1.62	1.63	1.41	1.80	0.0361
Prevalence (1/100,000)	7.62	3.70	7.68	11.36	<0.0001
Incidence (1/100,000)	0.84	0.79	0.94	0.79	<0.0001

Table 1. The Incidence Rate of IBD, CD, and UC from 2001 to 2015

IR, incidence rate.

Table 2. Clinical Features of Patients with Newly Registered IBD in 2001 to 2015

Values are presented as mean±SD, median (range), or number (%).

Table 3. Clinical Features of Patients with CD in 2001 to 2015

Values are presented as mean±SD, median (range), or number (%).

Table 4. Clinical Features of Patients with UC in 2001 to 2015

Values are presented as mean±SD, median (range), or number (%).