1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
2Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
3Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
4Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan.
5Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
© Copyright 2018. Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
FINANCIAL SUPPORT: This study was supported in part by Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants for research on intractable diseases from the Japanese Ministry of Health.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTION: K.N., S.M., K.O., S.S., H.K., M.A., K.T., and K.S. performed fecal microbiota transplantation. Moeko Nakashima, W.S., and M.H. performed analysis of the stool specimens. M.S., T.F., and H.K. performed PCR-ribotype analysis. K.M., Makoto Naganuma and T.K. conceived and conducted the clinical trial of FMT. K.N. and S.M. wrote the manuscript.