Intest Res Search

CLOSE


Intest Res > Volume 20(2); 2022 > Article
Park: Is primary sclerosing cholangitis with inflammatory bowel disease different between patients in the East and West?
See Article on 224-230
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease, can present various extraintestinal symptoms [1]. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, and it is associated with IBD, particularly UC, in up to 80% of PSC patients [1,2].
In a comparative Taiwanese study of IBD patients with and without PSC, conducted between 1996 to 2018, Weng et al. [3] reported that those of younger age and male sex had a higher risk of IBD with PSC. In that study, PSC was diagnosed in only 12 of the 763 patients examined, including pediatric patients, and the prevalence of PSC was reported to be 1.57%, all of which were UC cases. This is a small percentage compared to the 2.4%-7.5% prevalence of UC and about 3% prevalence of Crohn's disease in Western countries. Mehta et al. [4] reported a systematic review and meta-analysis of global incidence, prevalence, and features of PSC. They analyzed 17 studies conducted in North America, Europe, and Asia and reported a high male prevalence, a bimodal distribution, and a high association between PSC and IBD among PSC patients. In North America and Europe, PSC-IBD was reported in 70% and 63% of cases, respectively, and in East Asia, PSC-IBD was reported in 34% of cases. This difference between East and West can be confirmed not only in PSC but also in the clinical course of IBD. Song and Yang [5] reported racial differences in disease phenotype and genotype, high prevalence of infectious diseases, and medication response/adverse events between IBD patients in the East and West. Additional research on PSC-IBD in Asia is needed as the few studies available limit the comparative analyses that can be performed.
Some studies have suggested that IBD with PSC appears to have a distinct phenotype, different from IBD without PSC [6,7]. PSC-IBD patients have characteristic features of backwash ileitis, pancolitis, rectal sparing, and low disease activity [1]. In addition, Ostadmohammadi et al. [8] reported that the gut microbiome of patients with PSC-IBD was rich in Bacteroidetes, differing from that of patients with IBD alone, which was rich in Firmicutes. In the study by Weng et al. [3], there was a higher rate of rectal sparing in patients with PSC-IBD, but not in the extent of colitis. This difference may be due to IBD presenting a slightly different clinical phenotype in Asian IBD patients compared to Western patients. For example, Asian patients with UC have decreased family aggregation, decreased extraintestinal symptoms, and worsened clinical outcomes for elderly patients [9]. In addition, treatment methods such as ursodeoxycholic acid, surgical resection, and liver transplantation are still used for PSC-IBD patients, but the effect of vedolizumab was recently reported in the West [10]. Additional research on the phenotype and characteristics of PSC-IBD and the effects of various drugs in Asian patients is required to provide more effective treatment.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Funding Source

The author received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Conflict of Interest

Park YE is an editorial board member of the journal but was not involved in the peer reviewer selection, evaluation, or decision process of this article. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.

Author Contribution

Writing and approval of the final manuscript: Park YE.

REFERENCES

1. Kim JM, Cheon JH. Pathogenesis and clinical perspectives of extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel diseases. Intest Res 2020;18:249-264.
crossref pmid pmc pdf
2. Hirschfield GM, Karlsen TH, Lindor KD, Adams DH. Primary sclerosing cholangitis. Lancet 2013;382:1587-1599.
crossref pmid
3. Weng MT, Shih IL, Tung CC, et al. Association of young age and male sex with primary sclerosing cholangitis in Taiwanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Intest Res 2022;20:224-230.
crossref pmid pmc pdf
4. Mehta TI, Weissman S, Fung BM, Sotiriadis J, Lindor KD, Tabibian JH. Global incidence, prevalence and features of primary sclerosing cholangitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Liver Int 2021;41:2418-2426.
crossref pmid pdf
5. Song EM, Yang SK. Natural history of inflammatory bowel disease: a comparison between the East and the West. Intest Res 2021 Dec 2 [Epub]. https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2021.00104.
crossref
6. de Vries AB, Janse M, Blokzijl H, Weersma RK. Distinctive inflammatory bowel disease phenotype in primary sclerosing cholangitis. World J Gastroenterol 2015;21:1956-1971.
crossref pmid pmc
7. Ricciuto A, Kamath BM, Griffiths AM. The IBD and PSC phenotypes of PSC-IBD. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2018;20:16.
crossref pmid pdf
8. Ostadmohammadi S, Azimirad M, Houri H, et al. Characterization of the gut microbiota in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis compared to inflammatory bowel disease and healthy controls. Mol Biol Rep 2021;48:5519-5529.
crossref pmid pdf
9. Low D, Swarup N, Okada T, Mizoguchi E. Landscape of inflammatory bowel disease in Singapore. Intest Res 2022 Jan 7 [Epub]. https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2021.00089.
crossref pmid
10. Caron B, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Pariente B, et al. Vedolizumab therapy is ineffective for primary sclerosing cholangitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a GETAID multicentre cohort study. J Crohns Colitis 2019;13:1239-1247.
crossref pmid pdf
TOOLS
Share :
Facebook Twitter Linked In Google+ Line it
METRICS Graph View
  • 1 Crossref
  • 1 Scopus
  • 2,204 View
  • 170 Download
We recommend


ABOUT
ARTICLE & TOPICS
Article Category

Browse all articles >

TOPICS

Browse all articles >

BROWSE ARTICLES
EDITORIAL POLICY
AUTHOR INFORMATION
Editorial Office
Room 310, Lotte Gold Rose II, 31 Seolleung-ro 86-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06193, Korea
Tel: +82-2-957-6145    Fax: +82-2-957-6146    E-mail: thekasid@irjournal.org                

Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases.

Developed in M2PI

Close layer
prev next